Propyl group

Two different representations of propyl groups, n - propyl radical (above) and isopropyl radical ( i- propyl radical, below) with the empirical formula C ₃ H ₇ . R is any residue, e.g. B. an aryl radical or a heteroatom such as fluorine , chlorine , bromine , iodine , a hydroxide radical, an amino radical or a carbonyl function, etc. The various propyl groups are marked in blue .

The propyl group is an atomic arrangement in organic chemistry with the empirical formula C ₃ H ₇ . It can be conceptually derived from the abstraction of a hydrogen atom from propane and occurs in two isomeric forms. If the hydrogen atom is abstracted from one of the two terminal, primary carbon atoms of propane, the n -propyl group is obtained , whereas the abstraction from the middle, secondary carbon atom results in an isopropyl group ( i -propyl group). The propyl group lies in the homologous series of alkyl radicals between the ethyl group (C ₂ H ₅ ) and the butyl group (C ₄ H ₉ ).

An important compound that contains an isopropyl group is isopropylbenzene (cumene), the starting material for the industrial production of phenol .

Two different representations of the cyclopropyl group with the empirical formula C ₃ H ₅ . R is any residue, e.g. B. an aryl radical or a heteroatom such as fluorine , chlorine , bromine , iodine , a hydroxide radical or a carbonyl function, etc. The cyclopropyl group is marked in blue .

Cyclopropyl group

The cyclopropyl group is derived in an analogous manner from the smallest representative of the cycloalkanes , cyclopropane , and has the empirical formula C ₃ H ₅ . Due to the different molecular formula, it is neither an isomer of the n- propyl group nor of the isopropyl group.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Siegfried Hauptmann : Organic Chemistry , 2nd edition. VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstofftindustrie, Leipzig 1985, ISBN 3-342-00280-8 , pp. 334-335