Ivan Fyodorovich Michurin

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Ivan Fjodorowitsch Michurin ( Russian Иван Фёдорович Мичурин ; * 1700 in Kostroma Governorate ; † 1763 in Prague ) was a Russian architect of the Baroque .

Life

Michurin was the son of an impoverished landlord . From 1718 to 1720 he studied in St. Petersburg at the Naval Academy. In 1723 he traveled to Holland with a grant from Peters I and studied engineering and architecture until 1729.

In Moscow , Michurin taught young architects the art of drawing , arithmetic , the theory of column order and distributed practical exercises. After the fire in Moscow in 1737, Michurin led the reconstruction of almost all churches and government buildings in the Kremlin , in particular that of the St. Nicholas Tower and St. Basil's Cathedral . In 1739 he drew a map of the capital Moscow. Triumphal gates were built for Elizabeth's coronation in 1742 , and Michurin's drawings were included in the coronation album. One of his projects was the construction of the multi-tiered bell tower with various orders of columns for Moscow's Paraskeva Pyatnitsa Church, which was demolished in the 1930s. In 1741 Michurin began building the Church of St. Nicholas in Sajaitskoje in the Samoskvorechye district of Moscow . The church collapsed in 1743 due to inadequate foundations and was rebuilt on new foundations by his student Dmitri Vasiljewitsch Uchtomski .

In Kiev , Michurin led the construction of the Marian Palace and St. Andrew's Church based on projects by Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli . With this, Michurin marked the transition from the Naryshkin Baroque to the Rastrelli style.

1749–1758 Michurin built the cathedral of the Swensky monastery at the confluence of the Swin in the Desna ( Bryansk Oblast ). He directed construction of the Trinity Church on Moscow's Arbat , which was closed in 1930 and then demolished, and construction work in the Chrysostom Monastery (demolished in 1933). Michurin's last project was the bell tower of Sergiev Posad's Trinity Monastery , completed by Dmitri Vasilyevich Uchtomsky.

Works

  • Plan of the capital Moscow

  • Triumphal Gate at the Kazan Church

  • Paraskeva Pyatnitsa Church, Moscow

  • Church of Saint Nicholas in Sajaitskoye, Moscow

  • Mary's Palace, Kiev

  • St. Andrew's Church, Kiev

  • Swensky Monastery

  • Trinity Church, Arbat, Moscow

  • Chrysostom Monastery, Moscow

  • Bell tower of the Trinity Monastery of Sergiev Posad

Web links

Commons : Iwan Fyodorowisch Michurin  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Москва: энциклопедия . Большая российская энциклопедия, 1997, ISBN 5-85270-277-3 .
  2. ↑ Кипарисова А. А .: Д. В. Ухтомский . In: Зодчие Москвы . tape 1 , p. 120-130 .
personal data
SURNAME Michurin, Ivan Fyodorovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Мичурин, Иван Фёдорович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian architect of the baroque
DATE OF BIRTH 1700
PLACE OF BIRTH Kostroma Governorate
DATE OF DEATH 1763
Place of death Prague