Jewish cemetery (Plau am See)

Klüschenberg cemetery

Memorial stone 2008

The Jewish cemetery Plau am See is a Jewish cemetery in Plau am See in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . It is a protected architectural monument .

description

The cemetery is located on Klüschenberg. There are 19 tombstones in the 945 m² cemetery . In 2008 a memorial stone was erected in the entrance area, which was never occupied by graves. Behind it is an area with graves from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and behind that is the oldest part, which has been used as a vegetable garden since the 1940s. Fragments of old tombs used as borders have been put up again in front of a newly built brick wall.

history

The cemetery was laid out "in front of the Eldenthore" in 1755, two years after the first protective Jews had settled. Since the LGGV forbade Jews to purchase property, the initially very small property of only 49 m² was leased to the Plau City Treasury for a lease of 1 Reichstaler. In the years 1783, 1807, 1833 and 1889 there were extensions. After the Jewish community rapidly shrank due to strong migration to larger cities, it was dissolved by the Israelite Council on July 3, 1922 and the cemetery was transferred to the state-wide umbrella organization of Jewish communities, the Israelite State Community of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . Since the beginning of 1939 no more Jews lived in Plau and the cemetery became overgrown. The city bought the site in 1941 at an unknown price; the graves were not desecrated. As a result, however, all iron grave grids and the fields of the iron fence disappeared. In 1947 the cemetery could be repaired again. The last funeral (Dr. Hermann Hirsch) took place in 1951. The transfer back to the Central Council of Jews in Germany took place after 1990.

Preserved tombs (alphabetical)

Surname	born	died	photo	Remarks
Julie Behrens, b. Elkan	March 15, 1821 Plau	February 26, 1913 Plau
Rosalie Behrens	June 16, 1856 Teterow	June 7th, 1907 Plau	(see Julie Behrens)	Daughter of Julie Behrens, shared tombstone
Aron / Max Bernhardt	1797	August 1st, 1846 Plau		Grave slab no longer in the old location
Esther / Elise Bernhardt, b. Lazarus	1792/93 Plau	07/10/1840 Plau		Wife of Aron / Max Bernhardt, grave slab no longer in the old location
Moritz Meier Bragenheim	June 5th, 1844 Neukalen	February 13, 1894 Plau
Schönchen Bragenheim b. Bragenheim	December 22nd, 1839 Neustadt-Glewe	May 10, 1915 Plau	(see Moritz Bragenhaim)	Wife of MM Bragenheim, shared gravestone
Jacob Aron Cohn	December 28, 1805 Plau	January 12, 1879 Plau		Gravestone no longer in its old location
Rosa Cohn born Nathan	May 27, 1813 Ticino b. Rostock	09/21/1890 Plau		Wife of JA Cohn, tombstone no longer in the old location
Helene Cohn	08/20/1839 Plau	May 17, 1935 Plau		Daughter of Jacob Aron and Rosa Cohn, tombstone no longer in the old location
Bertha Cohn	October 2nd, 1842 Plau	07.01.1887 Plau		Daughter of Jacob Aron and Rosa Cohn, tombstone no longer in the old location
Hermann Elkan	April 5th, 1829 Plau	December 9th, 1917 Plau		The tombstone also commemorates his son Adolf Elkan, who died in France in 1917
Emil Elkan	July 23, 1861 Plau	06.06.1923 Plau		unmarried son of Hermann Elkan
Max Elkan	February 15, 1869 Plau	March 11, 1894 Plau		unmarried son of Hermann Elkan
Hermann Hirsch	July 5th, 1828 Plau	08.08.1905 Karlovy Vary		died on cure, buried in Plau, only a fragment of a grave slab survived
Isaac Hirsch	March 31, 1830 Plau	November 5th, 1901 Plau		Brother of Hermann Hirsch, grave obelisk
Max Hirsch	June 7th, 1858 Plau	July 21, 1912 Plau		Son of Isaac and Rosalie Hirsch, funerary obelisk
Else Hirsch, b. Meinrath	June 15, 1868 Neustadt a. Beet mountains	August 4th, 1942 Theresienstadt		Wife of Max Hirsch, commemorative plaque
Hermann Hirsch	February 24, 1897 Plau	1951 Berlin	(see Max Hirsch)	Son of Max and Else Hirsch, name on their parents' grave obelisk
Max Meyer	September 23, 1860 Crivitz	July 1st, 1898 Plau
Bernhard Samuel	August 17, 1870 Teterow	April 18, 1931 Plau
Grete Samuel, b. Keibel	December 19, 1867 Pasewalk	September 3rd, 1936 Plau	(see Bernhard Samuel)	Wife of Bernhard Samuel, shared tombstone
Friedrich Samuel	January 4th, 1901 Schwerin	March 28, 1929 Plau		Son of Bernhard and Grete Samuel
x
(unknown) Jacob?				Part of an old tombstone with a Hebrew inscription
(unknown) Rosenberg?				Gravestone with Hebrew inscription

List of burials

Between 1755 and 1951, fewer than 200 people were buried in the cemetery. The death register for the Jewish cemetery in Plau am See has been copied from 1814 to 1913 and contains exactly 100 entries. The age information in the register is verifiably incorrect in some cases, as far as known, the mostly unspecified dates of birth are given from other sources, in particular from the birth register, which was also obtained from 1814.

Surname	born	died	Remarks
Mendel Salomon		1753/55 Plau
Marcus Jacob		March 17, 1765 Plau	died of illness ( consumption ) after seven weeks in prison
Marcus Jacob	around 1740 Lissa [Leszno]	__.__. 1766 near Lübz	Judged as a murderer by wheels near Lübz, buried two years later in Plau
NN		__. 11.1766 Plau	Heinemann Salomon's child who died of smallpox
NN		__. 11.1766 Plau	Child of Israel Henschel who died of smallpox
Israel Henschel	around 1680 Wronkow / Poland	__.__. 1768 (?) Plau
Michette Mendels		__.__. 1777 Plau	1st wife of Levin Jacob
NN		__.__. 1781 Plau	1st wife of Hirsch Cohn, died with her child
Jacob Marcus	around 1698 Lissa [Leszno]	__.__. 1782 (?) Plau
Heinemann Salomon	around 1720 four-wheelers (?)	(after) 1782 Plau
NN		__.__. 1786 (?) Plau	2nd wife of Hirsch Cohn
Levin Jacob	__.__. 1740 Lissa (?)	1792/99 Plau
Meyer Levin	__.__. 1775 Plau	February 29, 1814 Plau	Merchant; 38 years old
Aaron Abraham		March 23, 1814 Plau	Protective Jew; 66 years
Binchen Aron	__.__. 1778 Plau	March 26, 1814 Plau	unmarried; 36 years
Betty Löser (reader)		March 26, 1815 Plau	Child of Levin Löser; 3 years
Hanne Michael	__. 07.1812 Plau	May 29, 1817 Plau	illegitimate child of Binchen Aron; 4 years 10 months
Sara Marcus born Samuel		January 29, 1818 Plau	Wife of Abraham Marcus; 56 years
Aron Jaffé	October 11, 1817 Plau	October 29, 1818 Plau	Son of Jacob Aron Jaffé
Fanni (Hirsch) Cohn		November 2nd, 1818 Plau	Daughter of Hirsch Cohn; 32 ½ years
Elkan Nathan	02/10/1753 Tütz [Tuczno]	September 29, 1819 Plau	Merchant
Breindel Salomon		March 10, 1822 Plau	Widow of the merchant Solomon; 102 years
Jacob Raphael Jaffé	August 19, 1819 Plau	03.03.1823 Plau	Son of Jacob Aron Jaffé
Reichel / Rachel	02/03/1727 Arnswalde	June 16, 1823 Plau	Widow of Pesach
Nanette (deer) Cohn	June 12th, 1797 Plau	October 29, 1824 Plau	Daughter of Hirsch Cohn
Levin Bernhard	July 10th, 1824 Plau	July 23, 1824 Plau	Daughter of Aron / Max Bernhard
Hirsch I. Cohn	October 20, 1749 Schloppe [Człopa]	May 30, 1825 Plau
Gustav Aronsohn	October 8th, 1824 Plau	August 21, 1825 Plau	Son of Abraham Aronsohn
Gitel Isaac	__.__. 1797	01/22/1826 Plau	Maid at Levin's; 28 years
Welge / Jette Levin	August 17, 1749 Koenigsberg / Neumark	February 14, 1828 Plau	Widow of Jacob Levin; 80 years
Koppel Heymann (Salomon)	03.03.1761 (?) Plau	February 25, 1828 Plau	66 years
Benjamin Lazarus	March 20, 1745 (?) Würzburg	July 29, 1828 Plau	88 years
Abraham Heymann (Salomon)	07/27/1806 Plau	March 16, 1829 Plau	Son of Koppel Heymann (Salomon)
Dear Marcus		April 15, 1830 Plau	Wife of Abraham Marcus; 50 years
Gerson / Caspar Goldschmidt (Salomon)	04/02/1769 (?) Plau	April 12th, 1831 Plau	62 years
Israel Louis	__.__. 1764	December 1st, 1832 Plau	Merchant; 68 years
Malchen solver	January 10, 1827 Plau	December 3rd, 1832 Plau	Daughter of Levin Loeser
NN Steinmann	November 19, 1833 Plau	November 19, 1833 Plau	stillborn child of Nachmann Steinmann
Jetha / Jette Löser born. Joel	March 8th, 1789 Malchin	March 28, 1835 Plau	Wife of Levin Loeser
Moses Hirsch Cohn	__. 11.1782 Elbenbach	July 2nd, 1835 Plau	54 years
Sara (Simon) Lazarus	04/02/1752 Joachimsthal	October 4th, 1835 Plau	Widow of Benjamin Lazarus
Sophia Steinmann	June 20, 1829 Plau	April 17, 1836 Plau	Daughter of Nachmann Steinmann
Lea Levin born Marcus	__. 05.1765 (?) Wittstock	May 9th, 1836 Plau	Wife of Raphael Levin
Sara Simon	Neustadt-Glewe	07/10/1837 Plau	Maid with the Cohn brothers; 28 years
Raphael Levin	January 15, 1767 Plau	January 8th, 1840 Plau
Elisa Bernhardt b. Lazarus	Plau	07/10/1840 Plau	Wife of Aron Bernhardt; 47 years
Levin Löser	March 12, 1782 Plau	August 25, 1840 Plau
Giedel / Gitel Salomon	September 4th, 1772 Plau	September 8th, 1840 Plau
NN Goldschmidt	September 25, 1841 Plau	September 25, 1841 Plau	stillborn child of Elias Goldschmidt
Jettchen Goldschmidt born Simon	Wittstock	September 29, 1841 Plau	Wife of Elias Goldschmidt; 24 years
Hanchen Lazarus born Nathan	September 26th, 1790 Ratenau	December 23, 1841 Plau	Wife of Simon Lazarus
Aron Jacob Cohn	11/10/1775 Gnoien	May 10, 1843 Plau
Aron / Max Bernhardt	__.__. 1797 Goldberg	August 1st, 1846 Plau
Abraham Marcus	08/30/1766 Freienwalde / Oder	September 14, 1847 Plau	Watchmaker
August Elkan	March 26, 1834 Plau	October 2nd, 1849 Plau	Son of Nathan Elkan
Breinche / Bertha Heymann	04/11/1774 (old) Strelitz	02.02.1850 Plau	Widow of Koppel Heymann
Loser Hirsch (Cohn)	December 10th, 1832 Plau	June 2nd, 1850 Plau	Son of Moses Hirsch Cohn
Jette Cohn born Joel	11/10/1782 (?) Malchin	09/10/1850 Plau	Widow of Aron Jacob Cohn
Adolph Cohn	July 28, 1850 Plau	April 10, 1851 Plau	Son of Jacob Aron Cohn
Joseph Jacob Cohn	March 8th, 1776 (?) Gnoien	April 30, 1851 Plau
Abraham / Adolph Aronson	October 16, 1782 (?) Plau	July 2nd, 1851 Plau
Jacob Aron Jaffé	02/17/1779 (?) Thorn	October 27, 1852 Plau	temporarily religion teacher
Vogel Löser born Joel	Malchin	September 19, 1853 Plau	Widow of Levin Loeser; 68 years
Hanchen Aronson born Cohn	March 10, 1783 Plau	11/11/1854 Plau	Widow of Abraham Aronson
Simon Lazarus	October 31, 1786 Plau	July 6th, 1856 Plau
NN Loeser	October 12, 1856 Plau	October 12, 1856 Plau	dead daughter of Levy / Louis Loeser
Esther Cohn b. Joel	January 11, 1782 Malchin	April 27, 1860 Plau	Widow of Joseph Jacob Cohn
Rahel Goldschmidt b. Lazarus	March 1st, 1771 (?) Plau	April 22nd, 1861 Plau	Widow of Gerson / Caspar Goldschmidt
Frida Elkan b. Wolffenstein	__.__. 1840 Dömitz	11/01/1862 Plau	Wife of Hermann Elkan
Jettchen Elkan b. Goldschmidt	__.__. 1836 Neubukow	February 22nd, 1863 Plau	Wife of Julius Elkan
Bernhardt Heymann	September 20, 1865 Plau	January 30, 1866 Plau	Son of Julius Heymann
Amalie Louis b. Levin	__.__. 1798 Plau	January 15, 1868 Plau	Widow of Israel Louis
Henriette Rosenberg	January 15, 1841 Plau	November 17, 1868 Plau	Daughter of Marcus Wolf Rosenberg
Henriette Jaffé b. Tobias	04/15/1792 Waren / M.	December 23, 1868 Plau	Widow of Jacob Aron Jaffé
Marcus Wolf Rosenberg		June 17, 1869 Plau	56 years
Sophie Elkan b. Krull		July 26th, 1869 Plau	Wife of Julius Elkan; 35 years
Bertha Heymann born Burgheim	Mirow	October 12, 1870 Plau	Widow of Baruch Heymann; 70 years
Minna Jaffé b. Heine	May 5th, 1830 Mirow	May 10, 1871 Plau	Wife of Hermann Jaffé
Julius Hirsch	July 24th, 1860 Plau	July 5th, 1872 Plau	Son of Isaac Hirsch
Heinrich Heymann	May 12, 1842 Plau	April 10, 1873 Plau	Traveling salesman
Nachmann Steinmann	March 4th, 1800 Bützow	January 24, 1876 Plau	Goldsmith
Louis Loeser	May 27, 1819 Plau	February 9, 1877 Plau
Jacob Aron Cohn	January 4th, 1805 Plau	January 12, 1879 Plau
Alfred Heymann	January 2nd, 1878 Plau	February 21, 1879 Plau	Son of Julius Heymann
Heymann Jaffé	June 9th, 1832 Plau	November 18, 1879 Plau	Journeyman draper
Therese Rosenberg b. Hirsch spoil. deer	__.__. 1800 Röbel	September 14, 1880 Plau	Widow of Marcus Wolf Rosenberg
Julius Heymann	July 17th, 1836 Plau	October 17, 1880 Plau
Nathan Elkan	November 24, 1790 Plau	March 13, 1882 Plau
Hannchen Wolff b. Wolffenstein	December 15, 1802 Dömitz	December 10, 1882 Plau	Hermann Elkan’s mother-in-law
Hirsch / Hermann Jaffé	June 20, 1821 Plau	May 14th, 1884 Rostock
Johanna Jaffé	August 12, 1856 Plau	07.11.1884 Plau	drowned in the Elde
Bertha Cohn	October 2nd, 1842 Plau	07.01.1887 Plau
Esther / Louise Steinmann b. Goldschmidt	January 22nd, 1807 Plau	October 14, 1887 Neubrandenburg
Abraham Hirsch	__.__. 1802 Röbel	January 22, 1889 Plau
Feche Elkan born Because	11/26/1796 Parchim	02.02.1889 Plau	Widow of Nathan Elkan
Röschen Cohn born Nathan	May 27, 1803 Ticino	09/21/1890 Plau
NN deer	August 22, 1891 Plau	August 22, 1891 Plau	dead daughter of Max Hirsch
Moritz Meier Bragenheim	June 5th, 1844 Neukalen	February 13, 1894 Plau
Max Elkan	February 15, 1869 Plau	March 11, 1894 Plau
Schlomann Jaffé	July 8th, 1816 Plau	April 5th, 1897 Plau
Max Meyer	September 23, 1860 Crivitz	July 14, 1898 Plau
Julius Elkan	April 20, 1823 Plau	July 18, 1898 Plau
Regina Cohn	January 19, 1841 Plau	May 11, 1900 Plau
Isaac Hirsch	March 31, 1830 Plau	November 5th, 1901 Plau
Rosalie Hirsch b. Arons	July 17th, 1833 Luebz	09/21/1904 Plau
Hermann Hirsch	July 5th, 1828 Plau	08.08.1905 Karlovy Vary	died on cure
Rosalie Behrens	June 16, 1856 Teterow	June 7th, 1907 Plau
Emma Cohn	August 19, 1852 Plau	April 17, 1908 Plau
Julie Cohn	August 3rd, 1844 Plau	October 27, 1910 Plau
Max Hirsch	June 7th, 1858 Plau	July 21, 1912 Plau
Julie Behrens b. Elkan	March 15, 1821 Plau	February 26, 1913 Plau
Schönchen Bragenheim b. Bragenheim	December 22nd, 1839 Neustadt-Glewe	May 10, 1915	Widow of Moritz Meier Bragenheim
Chajim Jedidjah Pollak Christian Theophilus Lucky	__.__. 1854 Tysmenitz	November 25, 1916 Berlin	buried in Plau at his own request and through the mediation of August Wiegand
Hermann Elkan	April 5th, 1829 Plau	December 9th, 1917 Plau
Emil Elkan	July 23, 1861 Plau	06.06.1923 Plau
Friedrich Samuel	January 4th, 1901 Schwerin	March 28, 1929 Plau
Bernhard Samuel	August 17, 1870 Teterow	April 18, 1931 Plau	Junk dealers
Helene Cohn	08/20/1839 Plau	May 17, 1935 Plau
Grete Samuel born Keibel	December 19, 1867 Pasewalk	September 3rd, 1936 Plau	Bernhard Samuel's widow
Berta Elkan b. Wolff	November 4th, 1845 Lübenheen	December 21, 1936 Plau
Dr. Hermann Hirsch	February 24, 1897 Plau	__.__. 1951 Berlin	last Jewish burial in Plau

Individual evidence

1. ↑ §377: “With regard to the admission of the Jews, we promise our cities that they will keep their figures moderate, so that they should have no cause to complain about their numbers being too large. Just as the Jews are supposed to be forbidden from taking underlying reasons peculiar to themselves. "
2. ↑ Mecklenburg State Main Archive Schwerin, holdings MfU, No. 9048
3. ↑ Mecklenburg State Main Archive Schwerin, MfU inventory, No. 9083
4. ^ Jewish Museum Frankfurt / M., Civil status register of Jewish communities in Central Germany: PSR B198 Plau / Mecklenburg: births 1813–1897, marriages 1815–1889, deaths 1814–1913, list of souls 1819
5. ^ Archives of the city of Plau am See, civil status register (from 1876)
6. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original dated June 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. MISHKAN magazine 60/2009 (pdf in English) 

literature

• Michael Brocke / Eckehard Ruthenberg / Kai Uwe Schulenburg: Stone and Name. The Jewish cemeteries in East Germany (New Federal States / GDR and Berlin). Institute Church and Judaism Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-923095-19-8 . (especially for Plau with individual errors)

Web links

Commons : Jewish Cemetery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Plau am See (PCH) at Alemannia Judaica

Coordinates: 53 ° 27 '15.6 "  N , 12 ° 15' 49.8"  E