Jewish cemetery Friedland

Jewish cemetery Friedland 1880/1900 (bottom center above F)

The Jüdische Friedhof Friedland is a Jewish cemetery in the town of Friedland in the Mecklenburg Lake District in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . It is considered a cultural monument .

description

The cemetery is right next to the municipal cemetery. 16 tombstones have been preserved on it. Until the end of the 19th century there was an older Jewish cemetery in Friedland (location unknown), which was leveled and built over with residential houses at the beginning of the 20th century. The Jewish cemetery, founded in 1904, is located on Pasewalker Straße, in the southern part of the municipal cemetery opposite the main entrance. The square, separately demarcated complex covers around 500 m² and can only be reached via the municipal cemetery. The entrance to the system is a simple, double-leaf, galvanized gate that is not locked. Opposite this to the south is an old, double-winged wrought iron gate with brick pillars. The gate is in poor condition. The complex is enclosed with an approx. 1.5 m high chain link fence with a green plastic coating, in the south the complex borders on the 1.8 m high municipal cemetery enclosure, also made of a green mesh fence. An approx. 2 m wide, simple, unpaved path runs between the two gates that divides the facility. The entire area is laid out as a meadow. The complex is framed by several rows of linden trees, which extend beyond the complex to the municipal cemetery. The southern and western rows of trees show some failures. There is a single birch tree inside the plant. Jewish cemeteries were designated as burial places on the official maps and were signed with an L instead of a †. Mostly they were created further outside the cities or communities, mainly in the barn districts or similar remote locations. As an exception, a facility next to the municipal cemetery was approved, albeit separated behind its facility.

history

The cemetery was probably laid out in the middle of the 19th century. The symbol of a bygone Jewish community that is still visible today is a Jewish cemetery in Friedland, which adjoins the municipal cemetery. Burials can be found there from 1822 to 1929. Only 22 burials had taken place there until 1935. The cemetery area covers approx. 10 ares.

16 tombstones as well as numerous grave surrounds and false sarcophagi have been preserved in the cemetery. Most of the gravestones date from 1900–1929 and are well preserved, they only have German inscriptions. The seven older gravestones, those made of sandstone, date from the end of the 19th century and show traces of damage and weathering. They bear Hebrew inscriptions on the obverse and the east-facing side and German inscriptions on the reverse. The grave borders are partially damaged and heavily mossed. The last burial took place in 1929. The cemetery was not desecrated during the Nazi era. The gardener, who was entrusted with the destruction, only laid down the gravestones so that they could be erected again intact after the war.

In 1962, the Mecklenburg State Jewish Community restored the cemetery. Today the city of Friedland maintains the cemetery on behalf of the Jewish community of Rostock . The cemetery is in a good and well-kept condition.

The choice of enclosure (chain link fence) does not do justice to the location and can only be a temporary solution. One could surround the facility with a brick wall or with a hedge to hide the view of the compost heap in the immediate vicinity and to give the place a worthy setting. Furthermore, the old gate system would have to be restored and used as a separate, representative entrance to the Jewish cemetery.

literature

• Michael Brocke, Eckehard Ruthenberg, Kai Uwe Schulenburg: Stone and Name. The Jewish cemeteries in East Germany (New Federal States / GDR and Berlin). Institute Church and Judaism, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-923095-19-8 . (This source contains numerous inaccuracies and errors and is therefore only of limited scientific and historical suitability.)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Text: Research project "Jewish cemeteries" at the Neubrandenburg University of Applied Sciences - published in: https://www.kleks-online.de/editor/?element_id=177768&lang=de
2. ↑ Text: Research project "Jewish cemeteries" at the Neubrandenburg University of Applied Sciences - published in: https://www.kleks-online.de/editor/?element_id=177768&lang=de

Web links

• Literature on Jewish cemetery Friedland in the state bibliography MV
• Friedland (MST) at Alemannia Judaica

Coordinates: 53 ° 40 ′ 8.3 "  N , 13 ° 33 ′ 42.7"  E