Wolmirstedt Jewish cemetery

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Wolmirstedt Jewish cemetery
Tombstone
Memorial stone

The Wolmirstedt Jewish cemetery was the Jewish cemetery of the city of Wolmirstedt in the Börde district in Saxony-Anhalt .

location

The cemetery, which is no longer used for burials today, is located far west of Wolmirstedt in the area of ​​the Lausebuschstücke parcel , south of the road from Wolmirstedt to Samswegen . To the west of the cemetery, federal highway 189 leads from Magdeburg to Stendal . To the northwest of the cemetery is the exit of the federal road to Wolmirstedt city center.

layout

The cemetery is fenced, the entrance gate has a Star of David . It has an area of ​​1890 m². Nine tombstones have survived, some of which have Hebrew and some German inscriptions. To the west of the cemetery there is a memorial stone in memory of the cemetery.

In the local register of monuments , the cemetery is listed as a monument under registration number 094 70366 .

history

In 1815 the Jewish population of Wolmirstedt was assigned the cemetery. In 2012 the area was footprint and cost the Jewish community 17 thalers. At the beginning of the 20th century, the number of Jewish residents had fallen sharply, so that the community was dissolved on February 18, 1920. The city of Wolmirstedt was given an order from March 1, 1920 to keep the wall, gate and graves of the cemetery in good structural condition until a synagogue community was re-established. At the same time, the city received the right to use the capital and fields belonging to the synagogue community. The field was subsequently leased. There was a request from the local hunters to be allowed to use the field and cemetery for the construction of a game reserve.

In 1932 excavations took place on the cemetery grounds, probably on behalf of the State Office for Prehistory, and skulls were also recovered.

During the time of National Socialism there was destruction. On November 29, 1938, Wolmirstedt councilors requested permission to level the cemetery, but this was not granted due to a protest by the Magdeburg synagogue community . The mayor of Wolmirstedt had promised the local branch of the NSDAP the stones for the cemetery wall for the construction of makeshift homes and the demolition work had begun. The complete demolition was prevented by a confiscation by the German Reich. Destruction also resulted from the ordinance on the registration of scrap and metals in Jewish cemeteries of November 24, 1942.

The Israelite community of Magdeburg was registered as the owner of the cemetery until May 1944. On June 5, 1944, the Reichsfinanzverwaltung (Reich Finance Administration) confiscated the cemetery and offered the cemetery to the city of Wolmirstedt for a price of 700 Reichsmarks . In fact, on October 30, 1944, a purchase agreement was signed with the city.

In the 1950s there was a plan to put the cemetery under monument protection as a cultural monument . During an inventory in 1956, however, it was found that the brick cemetery wall had been torn down and the trees and shrubs removed. The tombstones were overturned, smashed or removed. The area is used on site as a storage area for potato tops and the like. On May 23, 1956, the director of the Wolmirstedt museum, Hans Dunker , nevertheless recommended designating it as a cultural monument and suggested that the square be cleaned up and the gravestones that were preserved.

In 1958 several tombstones were taken over in the Wolmirstedter District Museum. The cemetery itself was deteriorating. Garbage and old household items were dumped illegally.

In 1993, with financial support from the State Association of the Jewish Communities of Saxony-Anhalt, a renovation and redesign took place. Rubbish and wild growth were removed. On February 3, 1995, the Wolmirstedt Museum handed over three gravestones stored there in Magdeburg to the regional association, which had the stones brought back to the Jewish cemetery.

literature

  • Anette Pilz: The first Jewish residents and the construction of the synagogue in Wolmirstedt. In: Annual journal of the museums of the Ohrekreis. Vol. 12 = 45, 2005, ZDB -ID 919165-3 , pp. 65-78, here p. 75 ff.

Web links

Commons : Jüdischer Friedhof Wolmirstedt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Jutta Dick, Marina Sassenberg (ed.): Guide through Jewish Saxony-Anhalt (= contributions to the history and culture of the Jews in Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony and Thuringia. 3). Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg, Potsdam 1998, ISBN 3-930850-78-8 , p. 393.
  2. Short question and answer Olaf Meister (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Prof. Dr. Claudia Dalbert (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Ministry of Culture March 19, 2015 Printed matter 6/3905 (KA 6/8670) List of monuments Saxony-Anhalt , Magdeburg.pdf, page 554.
  3. ^ Anette Pilz: The first Jewish residents and the construction of the synagogue in Wolmirstedt. In: Annual journal of the museums of the Ohrekreis. Vol. 12 = 45, 2005, pp. 65-78, here p. 77.

Coordinates: 52 ° 14 ′ 59.9 ″  N , 11 ° 36 ′ 15.4 ″  E