Jacob Bruce

Jacob Bruce, portrait (1782) by Dmitri Levitsky

Count Jacob Bruce ( Russian Яков Александрович Брюс * 1732 , † November 19 ^{. Jul} / the 30th November  1791 ^greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was a Russian general-in-chief and temporarily commander of Moscow .

Life

family

Jacob was the last male offspring of the Russian count family Bruce . His parents were the Russian major general Count Alexander Bruce (1708-1752) and Princess Katharina Alexejewna Dolgorukowa (1712-1747).

He married Praskovia Alexandrowna Rumjantsewa (1729-1786), daughter of General Alexander Ivanovich Rumjanzew (1680-1749). The marriage resulted in Countess Katarina Bruce (1776-1821), who in turn was married to the Russian ambassador to Sicily Vasily Walentinowitsch Mussin-Pushkin (1773-1836).

Career

He began his career in the Army in the Semenov Regiment and was promoted in 1750 ibid. For Ensign , 1751 to second lieutenant and in 1755 to first lieutenant . In the Seven Years' War he was able to distinguish himself at Groß-Jägersdorf and also took part in the siege of Küstrin and the battle of Zorndorf . In 1761 he was appointed second major of the Semyonovskoye bodyguard regiment and promoted to major general two days later . In February 1762 he received the Order of St. Anne . By 1773 he was promoted to General en chef and commanded a division. During the Turkish War , he commanded the entire left flank in the Battle of Larga and also took part in the Battle of Cahul . At the end of 1770 he was recalled from the front and in 1773 appointed commander of the Finnish division.

Bruce was Commander-in-Chief of Moscow from September 4, 1784 to June 26, 1786.

He was the holder of the Alexander Nevsky Order , the Order of St. Vladimir 1st Class and the Order of St. Andrew . He was buried in the Alexander Nevsky Monastery .

literature

• Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона , Volume 4a. Saint Petersburg 1891, p. 796 ( Russian ).
• Русский биографический словарь , Volume 3, Saint Petersburg 1908, pp. 414-416 (Russian).