Jacob Peter Mynster

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Jacob Peter Mynster

Jacob Peter Mynster (born November 8, 1775 in Copenhagen , Denmark , † January 30, 1854 in Copenhagen) was a Danish bishop of the Zealand Monastery and a Christian author. As pastor of the philosopher Søren Kierkegaard and his father Michael Petersen Kierkegaard (1756-1838) he became known in church history.

Life

From 1790 studied Mynster at the University of Copenhagen theology , after he received private lessons and attended the Metropolitan School. In addition to the theological subjects, he also devoted himself to history and philosophy, whereby it was above all Immanuel Kant who tore him out of his initial enthusiasm for the French Revolution and materialism . In 1801 Mynster was appointed pastor in Spjellerup on Zealand, where in 1802 he took over this pastor in full. Here, in the rural solitude, and under the influence of the writings of Novalis , Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling and Henrich Steffens , Mynster found himself and finally abandoned rationalism entirely , while he felt committed to the service of the revival movement in Denmark.

In 1811 he was appointed Kapellan at the Frauenkirche in Copenhagen . In 1812 Mynster became a lecturer and co-head of the royal pastoral seminary in Copenhagen, where he taught psychology (with a special focus on pastoral care ). With his appointment as royal court preacher in 1826 as well as royal denomination, court clergyman and palace preacher in 1828, Mynster had almost reached the zenith of his fame through his lively preaching activity at a central location. In addition to this rich pastoral activity, Mynster also devoted himself to theological research and edifying writing. So he wrote a succinct Lutheran dogmatics. In 1825 he published the small theological writings in German. After the death of Bishop PE Müller in 1834, Mynster finally became Bishop of Zealand . He held the church office for twenty years. In terms of church politics, Mynster got into the following conflicts:

  • Disputes with church and political liberalism ,
  • Fight against Grundtvig and his students,
  • Beginning of the 1840s with the Baptists and the question of the baptism of children of Baptist parents.

Since Mynster not only did not want to rule out the possibility of forced baptism of these children with regard to the conflict with the Baptists, but even called for it to be carried out, this earned him some sharp criticism, for example from the Icelandic theologian Magnús Eiríksson, who lives in Copenhagen the writing Om Baptister og Barnedaab [On Baptists and Infant Baptism] (1844). At the same time, Eiríksson should also show himself to be positively influenced by Mynster's theological view, e.g. B. with regard to his peculiar understanding of reason as a receptive medium for divine revelations, as it was also developed by Mynster in the article "Udvikling af Begrebet Tro" [development of the concept of faith] (1821).

Mynster worked theologically for pastoral care among the educated. The reflections on Christian doctrine were widespread . His house was open for theological discussions, whereby the discussions on basic theological questions with his former confirmand Søren Kierkegaard are known. Because of this he became a controversial figure even after his death, because in the funeral address his bishop's successor Hans Lassen Martensen described him as an "irreplaceable" bishop and "real witness to the truth", which Kierkegaard passionately denied and prompted his last sharp attack on the Danish state church of which Kierkegaard's pamphlet The Moment (1855) testifies.

Major works

  • Blandede Skrivter , 6 volumes, Copenhagen 1852–1857.
  • Little Theological Writings , Copenhagen 1825.
  • Betragtninger over de Christelige Troslaerdomme I-II, Copenhagen 1833 (German 1840 [2nd edition]).
  • Oplysninger stated Udkastet til en Alterbog og et Kirke-Ritual for Danmark , Copenhagen 1840.
  • Taler ved Praeste-Vielse I – III, Copenhagen 1840–1851.
  • Kirkelige Leilighedstaler I – II, Copenhagen 1854.
  • Efterladte Praedikener , ed. by CLN Mynster, Copenhagen 1875.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Magnús Eiríksson: Om Baptister og Barnedaab, including several moments of the circular og speculative Christian Dome . Copenhagen 1844.
  2. ↑ JP Mynster: Udvikling af Begrebet Tro . In: Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs philosophiske og historiske Afhandlinger . Volume 1. Copenhagen 1821, pp. 200-236. Cf. Eiríksson's writing Tro, Overtro og Vantro, i deres Forhold til Fornuft og Forstand, including til hinanden indbyrdes . HG Klein, Copenhagen 1846, pp. 41–42 (note).
predecessor Office successor
Peter Erasmus Müller Bishop of Zealand
1834–1854 		Hans Lassen Martensen
personal data
SURNAME Mynster, Jacob Peter
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Lutheran bishop and theologian
DATE OF BIRTH November 8, 1775
PLACE OF BIRTH Copenhagen
DATE OF DEATH January 30, 1854
Place of death Copenhagen