Jacob ibn Tibbon
Jakob ben Machir ibn Tibbon , also known as Prophatius Judaeus (* 1236 probably in Marseille ; † around 1305 in Montpellier ), grandson of Samuel ibn Tibbon , was a southern French author, translator and astronomer from the Jewish- Provence family Ibn Tibbon .
Life
He invented a new astronomical height measuring device, a variant of the quadrant he called Quadrans Judaicus ("Jewish Quadrant"). The inventor describes this instrument in a Hebrew treatise in 1288, of which there are three versions as well as a Latin translation (by Petrus de Dacia ). As a translator, Jakob translated numerous works of philosophy, mathematics and astronomy from Arabic into Hebrew . During the Maimonides dispute he played a leading role in the defense of Maimonides .
literature
- Encyclopedia Judaica , Volume 15, p. 1130.
- Udo Tavares: Tibbon, Jakob ben Makir. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 12, Bautz, Herzberg 1997, ISBN 3-88309-068-9 , Sp. 25-27.
- Wolfgang Wegner: Jacob ben Machir ibn Tibbon. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 685.
Web links
- John J. O'Connor, Edmund F. Robertson : Jacob ben Machir ibn Tibbon. In: MacTutor History of Mathematics archive .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Jacob ibn Tibbon |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Jacob ben Machir ibn Tibbon (full name); Ibn-Tibbōn, Yaʿaqov Ben-Māḵîr; Ibn Tibon, Yaʻaḳov ben Makhir; Giudeo, Profazio; Tibbon, Profiat; Profatius Judæus |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Jewish author, translator and astronomer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1236 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | unsure: Marseille |
| DATE OF DEATH | around 1307 |
| Place of death | Montpellier |