Jacobsfriedhof Weimar
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The Jacobsfriedhof (also Jakobskirchhof ) is the oldest still existing cemetery in Weimar . The first burials took place here in the 12th century . It is located in the Jacobsvorstadt, which in the Middle Ages offered pilgrims to Santiago de Compostela outside the city wall opportunities to stay overnight (and is now part of the historic and UNESCO- protected old town). The graves are arranged on the property around the Jakobskirche .
From 1530 to 1818 it was the only cemetery in Weimar, which at that time was much larger. After the “New Cemetery in front of the Frauentore” (later referred to as the Weimar Historic Cemetery ) was laid out in 1818 , many of the graves were leveled. From 1840 there were no more funerals in the Jakobsfriedhof, after which the cemetery slowly fell into disrepair. The city of Weimar later took it over and had the former burial site converted into a horticultural complex around 1927.
The cash register
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At the southeastern edge of the land Jacob cemetery is that as cash vault called Mausoleum , which was originally built by a financial officer in 1715 as a private burial place for himself and his relatives. In 1742 it became the property of the Landschaftskasse (former Ministry of Finance). Since then it has served as a collective burial site mainly for people of class and aristocracy who did not have sufficient financial means for an expensive hereditary burial. Burials were performed here from 1755 to March 5, 1823. Among other things, Luise von Göchhausen (a lady-in-waiting of Anna Amalia von Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach ) and the parents of Charlotte von Stein found their final resting place here.
The baroque pavilion above the box office vault, which was formerly provided with a wrought iron gate and which was leveled with large parts of the cemetery in 1854, is a reconstruction from 1913.
The Schiller Crypt
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Due to his title of court councilor and his elevation to the nobility in 1802, Friedrich von Schiller, who died on May 9, 1805, was one of those personalities who were buried in the vaults. The mausoleum is therefore often referred to as the "Schiller Crypt". After the mayor Carl Leberecht Schwabe arranged for Schiller's remains to be recovered from the vault in 1826 , in 1827 the exhumed bones that were believed to be his were transferred to an oak coffin in the newly built princely crypt at the historical cemetery in Weimar. In 2008 a sensational DNA analysis showed that the bones in the coffin could not have come from Schiller, since then the coffin has been left empty next to Goethe. It is believed that the actual mortal remains of Schiller perished when the cemetery and the cash register were leveled.
Historic burial sites
| Surname | Life dates | activity | Tomb | Illustration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lucas Cranach the Elder | 1472-1553 | Court painter and graphic artist | Painter's crypt, grave slab on the south wall of the church |
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| Georg Neumark | 1621-1681 | Poet and composer of hymns | Memorial plaque on the south wall of the church |
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| Johann Franz August Zimmermann | † 1774 | Journeyman carpenter, died in rescue work during the castle fire in 1774 | Rejuvenating column in front of the vault |
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| Johann Martin Mieding | 1725-1782 | Court carpenter and set designer | Memorial stone in the southeast. Cemetery part | |
| Johann Karl August Musäus | 1735-1787 | Writer, literary critic, philologist and collector of fairy tales | Tomb with portrait a. Urn on K. south wall |
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| Johann Joachim Christoph Bode | 1731-1793 | Enlightenment, translator, journalist, publisher, music teacher, Freemason, Illuminat | Gravestone on the south wall of the church |
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| Christiane Becker-Neumann | 1778-1797 | Actress and pupil of Goethe | Grave site in the southeast part of the cemetery |
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| Martin Gottlieb Klauer | 1742-1801 | Court sculptor and art teacher at the Princely Free Drawing School | Urn on pedestal column, north-eastern part of the cemetery |
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| Johann Heinrich Löber | Court painter | Painter's crypt, gravestone on the south wall of the church |
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| Georg Melchior Kraus | 1737-1806 | Painter, etcher, friend of Goethe, director of the Princely Free Drawing School | Painter's crypt, gravestone on the south wall of the church |
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| Friedrich Wilhelm Carl von Schmettau | 1742-1806 | Lieutenant general, topographer, cartographer and military writer | Triangular stele with a plume helmet |
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| Carl Ludwig Fernow | 1763-1808 | Art theorist and librarian | Memorial plaque on the north wall of the church |
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| Maria Karoline Herder , née Flachsland | 1750-1809 | Wife of Johann Gottfried Herder (was reburied in the historic cemetery in Weimar when the cemetery was redesigned in the 19th century) | Former grave site next to the eastern cemetery gate | |
| Christiane von Goethe , née Vulpius | 1765-1816 | Wife of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe | Grave slab with Goethe's farewell verses |
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| Christian Gottlob von Voigt | 1743-1819 | Poet, President of the State Ministry, Minister colleague of Goethe | Sandstone sarcophagus on the northern border of the cemetery |
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| Ferdinand Jagemann | 1780-1820 | Painter, professor at the Princely Free Drawing School | Memorial plaque on the south wall of the church |
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| Johann Friedrich Krause | 1770-1820 | General Superintendent | Memorial plaque on the east wall of the church |
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| Christoph Wilhelm Günther | 1755-1826 | Theologian, author of children's fairy tales, court and garrison preacher, senior consistorial advisor in Weimar, married JW von Goethe and Christiane Vulpius in 1806 in the Jakobskirche | Memorial plaque on the north wall of the church |
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See also
literature
- Hannelore Henze, Doris-Annette Schmidt: The Jacobskirchhof in Weimar. Königswinter 1998, new edition Ilmenau: RhinoVerlag 2010. ISBN 978-3-939399-07-0
- Gertrud Ranft: Historic graves from Weimar's classical times. Publisher: National Research Centers and Memorials of Classical German Literature in Weimar , 5th edition, Weimar 1990. ISBN 3-7443-0010-2
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 59 ′ 0 ″ N , 11 ° 19 ′ 40 ″ E