Goethe's house
The Goethe Residence (also called Haus am Frauenplan in literature ) is a museum operated by the Weimar Classic Foundation in the house where Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832) lived in Weimar .
As part of the “ Classic Weimar ” ensemble, it has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1998 .
history
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Helmershausen family
The building was built between 1707 and 1709 by the princely chamber commissioner and stocking dealer Georg Caspar Helmershausen. Most or all of the house was probably rented out from the start. After the owner's death, the house was inherited by his son, the Saxon-Weimar consistorial councilor Gotthilf Friedrich Helmershausen, and later by his descendants. In 1771 it was auctioned by the ducal-Saxon garrison doctor Paul Johann Friedrich Helmershausen together with the western half of the garden. The house was partly rented at that time.
Goethe family
In 1782 Goethe rented the western half of the house. This included the current Yellow Hall, the Juno and Urbino rooms, the western part of the rear building and large parts of the ground floor. After Goethe's trip to Italy from 1786 to 1788, he lived in these rooms until 1789. From 1789 to 1792 Goethe rented one of the so-called hunting lodges on Marienstraße so he could live with Christiane Vulpius before he married her in 1806.
In 1792, on behalf of Duke Carl August von Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach , the Ducal Chamber acquired the house on Frauenplan and left it to Goethe as his official residence, which he then shared with Christiane. In 1794 the Duke gave the house to Goethe orally, in 1801 also in writing, but it was not officially assigned to Goethe until January 12, 1807. In the years 1792 to 1795 extensive renovations were carried out, the costs of which were partly covered by the ducal chamber. Particularly noteworthy here is the inner, wide staircase, which led directly into the Yellow Room and which Goethe designed based on an Italian model.
After Goethe's death in 1832, the daughter-in-law Ottilie and her three children inherited the house, who continued to live in it. However, Goethe's actual living and working rooms were no longer used and were largely closed until 1885.
Goethe National Museum
When Goethe's last grandson, Walther von Goethe , died in 1885 , according to the will, the Weimar State received the house on Frauenplan and Goethe's extensive collections. On August 8, 1885, the Goethe National Museum was established in the form of a foundation . On July 3, 1886, the front building and a little later the work and living rooms were presented as a museum .
The west wing of the front building above the carriage entrance, which was partially destroyed by the air raids on Weimar in World War II , has been reconstructed. Valuable furniture and other equipment had been outsourced for security.
Today, the Goethe National Museum includes the entire house, the garden with farm buildings and an extension .
Construction and room description
The representative living rooms and collection rooms of Goethe are located in the entire front building, which faces north towards the Frauenplan. In Goethe's time, the rear building, which is separated from it and faces the garden and extends parallel to the front building, contained the utility rooms , stables, carriage and sleigh sheds as well as the private work, lounge and bedroom of the poet and his wife Christiane . A wide courtyard passage lies between these two structures. However, these are connected to one another on the left and right by internal access corridors, some of which are stairs; Another connection is the so-called bridge room on the first floor; it leads exactly in the middle across the courtyard into the rear building and as a direct extension through the adjoining garden room onto a covered wooden external staircase. From there you can reach the garden with the two baroque garden houses, which was also enclosed by a wall back then.
- Front building
- Upper floor: seen from the Frauenplan, the yellow room , also called the yellow room (two windows in the middle) , is located above the previously used central main entrance , to the west / right of it the Juno room (three windows); This is followed by the Urbino room (three windows) above the right-hand carriage entrance , from which one can access the rear wing or the rear building via a spiral staircase . To the east (left) of the two central windows of the Yellow Room are the next two windows of the ceiling room , in the further course the Majolica room (one window), which previously served as a shared bedroom and today houses Goethe's porcelain collection , and the large collection room (three windows ) above the left carriage entrance. From there, as well as from the Yellow Room, one got into the private small dining room , which was reserved for the Goethe family, and into the heated kitchen, both of which face the inner courtyard.
- Ground floor: to the right of the former, central main entrance, behind the three western windows, is the newly designed staircase by Goethe, to the left of the central entrance was the former servant's apartment, the rooms of which are now used for changing exhibitions next to the cashier area.
- Secret Annex
- Upper floor: also conceived from the Frauenplan, in the western part / right of the middle of the rear wing are Goethe's study with anteroom, which also accommodated part of his mineral collection, his private library with 5424 titles in around 7000 volumes, his bedroom and the scribe's room. The eastern part (left) of the rear building houses Christiane's room. All of these rooms have a direct view of the garden.
- Ground floor: in addition to the former utility rooms, some of which are currently used for internal museum purposes such as administration, storage and demonstration room, a staircase from the central courtyard opens up both the garden and the upper floor of the rear building.
- photos
Entry into the living area
Goethe's study
Goethe's death room
Juno room
Bust room (bridge room)
Christian room
In the Remise: Goethe's “Batarde” - his carriage for city trips and smaller excursions
The garden; on the left the pavilion with Goethe's mineral collections, on the right the back of the rear building with a covered garden exit from the so-called garden room
literature
- Willi Ehrlich: Goethe's house on Frauenplan in Weimar. 10th edition. National Research Centers and Memorials of Classical German Literature, Weimar 1991, ISBN 3-7443-0018-8 .
- Rosalinde Gothe: Goethe's house on the Frauenplan. Edition Akanthus, Delitzsch 2004, ISBN 3-00-013906-0 .
- Uwe Grüning : Goethe's house on the Frauenplan. Edition Akanthus, Delitzsch 1999, ISBN 3-00-004692-5 .
- Wolfgang Holler, Kristin Knebel (eds.): Goethe's house. Klassik Stiftung Weimar, Weimar 2011, ISBN 978-3-7443-0152-7 .
- Alfred Jericke: Goethe and his house on the Frauenplan. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Böhlau, Weimar 1964, DNB 452197694 .
- Jochen Klauss: Goethe's house in Weimar - A tour in stories. Weimar Classics, Weimar 1991, ISBN 3-7443-0097-8 .
- Sigrid Krines: The domestic environment of Goethe. ( Helicon - Contributions to German literature. Volume 26) Lang, Frankfurt am Main et al. 2000, ISBN 3-631-35856-3 , pp. 52–67, 77–157.
- Alexander Leepin: A short guide through Goethe's house. 2nd expanded edition. National research and memorial sites d. classical German literature, Weimar 1961, DNB 574582762 .
- Gisela Maul, Margarete Oppel: Goethe's house. 2nd updated edition. Hanser Verlag, Munich / Vienna 2000, ISBN 3-446-18701-4 .
Web links
- Goethe's house with garden . In: Klassik-Stiftung.de
- Goethe National Museum with residential building . In: Weimar.de
- Tour through Goethe's house . In: Weimar-Lese.de
Coordinates: 50 ° 58 ′ 39 ″ N , 11 ° 19 ′ 43 ″ E