Jakob Kukk

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Jakob Kukk, portrait of a bishop
Common grave of clergy Jakob Kukk, Rudolf Hurt (1874–1917) and his wife Adele Eugenie and Aleksander Kapp (1874–1940) in Tallinn

Jakob Kukk (* August 28 . Jul / 9. September  1870 greg. Farm Õngu talu , rural community Ilmatsalu , Governorate of Livonia ; † 25. July 1933 in Tallinn , Estonia ) was an Estonian theologian. He was the Evangelical Lutheran Bishop of Estonia from 1919 until his death .

Life and theology

Jakob Kukk was born as the fifth of eight children to farmers Jaak and Anu Kukk (née Tinni). He attended the municipal school of Tartu and the local Hugo-Treffner-Gymnasium . At the grammar school of Emperor Nikolai I in Tallinn, he passed his matriculation examination.

Jakob Kukk studied theology at the University of Tartu from 1891 to 1895 . Kukk belonged to the Estonians' Association ( Eesti Üliõpilaste Selts ).

Kukk was ordained a clergyman on January 18, 1899 in Riga Cathedral. After his year of probation in Rõuge 1897/1898 1899/1900 he was first as a vicar in the provost Võru hired, then from 1900 to 1902 as an assistant pastor of the parish of Rõuge. From 1902 to 1904 he was assistant pastor of the Estonian-speaking Johannis parish in Saint Petersburg and 1904/1905 of the Marien parish of Tartu .

1905/1906 Kukk was pastor of the Lutheran parish of Teschkowo in Ingermanland (today Wolchowski rajon in Leningrad Oblast ). From 1906 to 1921 he was pastor of the Michaelis parish of Keila . During the Estonian War of Freedom (1918–1920) he served as a field preacher a . a. at the front at Narva .

bishop

Shortly before Estonian independence was proclaimed, an independent Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church ( Eesti Evangeeliumi Luteriusu Kirik ) was founded at the first Estonian Church Congress in Tartu in June 1917 . On September 12, 1919, Jakob Kukk was initially elected as the managing bishop of Estonia at the second Estonian church congress in Tallinn. He prevailed with a majority of votes against the Baltic German general superintendent Wilhelm Kentmann (1861-1938).

A year later, Kukk was elected by a large majority as the only candidate for life bishop. The Archbishop of Uppsala and head of the Swedish State Church , Nathan Söderblom , consecrated it in the presence of the Bishop of Porvoo , Jaakko Gummerus , on June 5, 1921 in the Tallinn Karlskirche . At the same time, Kukk served as chairman of the consistory from 1919 to 1933 .

As a bishop, Kukk succeeded in creating a free, state-independent national church in the young Republic of Estonia. Politically, he belonged to the small but influential Christian People's Party ( Kristlik Rahvaerakond ).

Jakob Kukk died in Tallinn in July 1933 after a long illness. He is buried in what is now the Tallinn City Center Cemetery ( Siselinna kalmistu ).

Private life

Since May 1924, Jakob Kukk was married to the artist Melanie Kuljus (1903–2000). The couple had three sons: Jaak (* 1925), Nathan (* 1926) and Adam (1929–1989). After Jakob Kukk's death, she married his successor in the office of bishop, Hugo Bernhard Rahamägi (1886–1941).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.eelk.ee/~elulood/kukk_jakob.html in eelk.ee
  2. ↑ http://www.eelk.ee/~elulood/kukk_jakob.html
  3. ↑ http://www.eestikirik.ee/jakob-kukk-esimene-vaba-rahvakiriku-piiskop/
  4. ↑ http://www.eestikirik.ee/140-aastat-piiskop-jakob-kuke-sunnist/
personal data
SURNAME Kukk, Jakob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Estonian Evangelical Lutheran bishop
DATE OF BIRTH September 9, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH Õngu talu farm, Ilmatsalu rural community , Livonia Governorate
DATE OF DEATH July 25, 1933
Place of death Tallinn , Estonia