Jakob von der Specken

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jakob von der Specken, also called Jakob Schinheyde , (* probably around 1390 ; last mentioned in a document in 1456 ) was Drost of the County of Oldenburg .

Life

Little is known about Jakob von der Specken's exact origins and youth. The first surviving testimony to life is an undated letter, which he probably wrote to the city of Osnabrück around 1420 as Jakob Schinheyde, des eddelen greve Mauricius droste - already in his function as Drost of Count Moritz II. († 1420) . He came from a Oldenburg, probably in Specken (Bad Zwischenahn) in Ammerland resident, ministry officials - and Junker family .

Further documentary mentions since that letter attest to him in the service of the Oldenburg counts, mostly as Drost zu Oldenburg. He can thus be regarded as an influential official of the counts, who was responsible for their central castle, for administrative tasks of the entire county and as an advisor for diplomatic missions.

After the death of the successor and co-regent of Count Moritz II. Count Dietrich von Oldenburg in 1440, Jakob von der Specken temporarily surrendered or had to surrender the Drostenamt, but was mentioned as a member of the Count's Council that same year. In 1444 he was attested again as Drost under Christian VII of Oldenburg.

In 1449, at the beginning of his reign, Specken was accused by Christian's successor, Count Gerd, of having enriched himself at Count Dietrich's expense. The count then withdrew his mansholt estate from him , but Specken apparently retained his office as Drost, as he was still mentioned with this title in 1455. In 1456, according to a document from Count Gerd, he became a judge as "unse ampthman" in a border dispute at the Hude monastery . Another document from Gerd's reign in 1489 attested him as "amtmann to Delmenhorst", where Specken also lived for a time.

The Oldenburger Salbuch

Specken emerged as significant for the Oldenburg regional history through the so-called Oldenburger Salbuch , which he had “ik Jacob von der Specken differently gheheten Schinheyde, droste to Oldenborch” written from 1428. The book contains a list of all goods and income of the Counts of Oldenburg in the parishes of their county and of the righteous from parts of the eastern Friesland controlled by Oldenburg . Apart from later copies, it has been preserved in two manuscripts from the middle of the 15th century. An additional manuscript B , probably around 1450 and possibly also commissioned by Specken, also lists the count's goods and income from the “herschupp van Delmenhorst”.

The Salbuch attests to the far-reaching territorial tasks of Speck as the economic and legal administrator of the Oldenburg counts. The document, together with the Oldenburg fiefdom register from 1275, is considered to be the leading source work for research on domination, settlement, economic, social, family and name history related to the Oldenburg region in the Middle Ages.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Entry on Specken Castle in Bad Zwischenahn in the private database "Alle Burgen". Retrieved January 5, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Specken, Jakob von der
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schinheyde, Jakob (alternative name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Drost of the county of Oldenburg
DATE OF BIRTH around 1390
DATE OF DEATH after 1456