Specken (Bad Zwischenahn)

Bacon Municipality Bad Zwischenahn Coordinates: 53 ° 10 ′ 30 ″  N , 8 ° 0 ′ 37 ″  E
Residents :	980  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Postal code :	26160
Area code :	04403
Location of Specken in Lower Saxony
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Specken is a district of the Bad Zwischenahn community in the Ammerland district in Lower Saxony . It borders Bad Zwischenahn in the north, Kayhausen in the east and Ekern in the south and west . All of the neighbors are also farmers in the Bad Zwischenahn community; there are no borders to other communities.

history

In 1299, the name Specken was first mentioned in a document from the Rastede Monastery when an Arnoldus de Specken appeared as a witness. The Junker von Specken originally owned a farm on the Speckener Bäke . Of the income from a presumably in Stedingerkrieg acquired fief of the Counts of Oldenburg they built in the early 14th century in the immediate vicinity of a Gräftenburg , the former farmstead became the Meierhof .

In 1952, the then district archaeologist Dieter Zoller localized the location of the castle in today's "Wiesengrund" landscape park. In 2013 two former moats were uncovered here during an excavation. According to this, Specken Castle was a typical late medieval low castle with "at least one large building" and a relatively small castle square of 30 × 30 meters, surrounded by an inner moat five to six meters wide. According to the findings, the castle existed from around 1300 to 1500. The complex had no major military function, but was important as a defensive ruling seat of a ministerial family whose most important representative was the Oldenburg Drost Jakob von der Specken , who was responsible for the administration and the military command in the county of Oldenburg and who wrote the important Oldenburg Salbuch from 1428 , a detailed list of the possessions and income of the Oldenburg counts. While the castle fell into disrepair in the following centuries and finally disappeared completely, the former Meierhof was preserved as Gut Specken .

In spring 2013, part of the castle was uncovered as part of an excavation carried out jointly by the local association Specken and the Archaeological Working Group of the Oldenburg Landscape. Some of the finds were shown in an exhibition at the Museum Specken at the end of 2014.

Specken has remained rural over the centuries. At the end of the 18th century there were only around 100 residents who lived in often dilapidated farms. By the beginning of the 20th century, the number of residents increased to around 300. It was only in the last few years that an industrial park was built in Specken. Specken belonged to the Zwischenahn farmers until 1860 , then to Kayhausen until 1890 and since then has been an independent farmers.

In 1912 the Bad Zwischenahn – Edewechterdamm small train was built and Specken was given a stop. Passenger traffic was stopped as early as 1950 due to a lack of demand. After the cessation of goods traffic in 1991, the tracks were dismantled and a cycle path was built in their place.

The origin of the name Specken has not been definitively established. The most likely explanation is the access to the village, which was presumably only accessible via a stick dam - in Middle Low German Specke .

Attractions

In Specken, the Bad Zwischenahn Home Care Association , which also maintains the Ammerländer Bauernhaus open-air museum , exhibits various tools and other exhibits from rural life in past centuries that do not fit in with the exhibition in the farmhouse in terms of space or time. The museum with an attached restaurant is located in the rooms of a former grain distillery .

literature

• Karl Benke, Hellmuth Boelsen, Wilhelm Bruns, Heike Düselder, Gerd Fischer, Eilert Freese, Jürgen Günther, Michael Hansing, Klaus Harms, Wolfgang Hartung, Walter Helmerichs, Paul Hinrichs, Ulrich Hellweg, Günter König, Uwe Krüger, Günter Kühl, Axel Lüers , Bernhard Menke, Wilhelm Friedrich Meyer, Helmut Ottenjann, Christoph Reinders-Düselder, Karl Veit Riedel, Ilse-Jutta Sandstede, Wilhelm Sandstede, Gerd Schmidt-Möck, Carl-Heinz Schöfer, Peter Schulze, Gerd von Seggern, Erhard Steiner, Klaus Taux , Günther Wiechmann, Christian Wöbcken, Karl-Heinz Ziessow, Dieter Zoller, Dirk Zoller, Marianne Zoller: The Bad Zwischenahn community . People, history, landscape. Ed .: Municipality of Bad Zwischenahn. Friedrich Schmücker GmbH, Bad Zwischenahn 1994 (1062 pages; alternative title: Chronicle of the Bad Zwischenahn community on google-books ).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Annual statistical report of the Bad Zwischenahn community as of December 31, 2019
2. ↑ Burg Specken - A thoroughly defensive property. (No longer available online.) Oldenburg Archaeological Monument Preservation Working Group, archived from the original on April 2, 2015 ; accessed on March 4, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ↑ Portrait of the farmers on the website of the Bad Zwischenahn community
4. ^ Description of the museum on the website of the Bad Zwischenahn Home Care Association