Petersfehn

Petersfehn Municipality Bad Zwischenahn Coordinates: 53 ° 8 ′ 21 ″  N , 8 ° 7 ′ 5 ″  E
Height :	6 m above sea level NN
Residents :	4003  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Postal code :	26160
Area code :	04486
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Petersfehn is part of the Bad Zwischenahn municipality in the Ammerland district and is located between that spa town and the city of Oldenburg .

location

Both Bad Zwischenahn and Oldenburg city center are only 8 to 10 kilometers away, depending on the departure point in Petersfehn. Petersfehn has about 4000 inhabitants and consists of the larger Petersfehn I and the younger Petersfehn II. Between the two districts there are a few kilometers of sparsely populated land; there are courtyards framed by old oaks at regular intervals to the left and right of the street. Since the early 1990s, several new housing estates have emerged in Petersfehn I, which have enlarged the place considerably.

history

The moor area at Wildenloh was already used for sheep farming, peat extraction and buckwheat cultivation at the beginning of the 19th century . As early as 1826, the first peat slabs were leased on today's Woldlinie for burning peat extraction.

The planned settlement of today's Petersfehn took place after an application for add-on paints south of Bloherfelde . In 1847, two state assessments showed that the proposed area of ​​bog for settlement could be easily and sufficiently drained via the hair . A comprehensive report showed the major ducal government favorable conditions for expulsion of a Moorkolonats (drainage facility, near the oldenburger sales market for peat) and recommended that the hair for Torfkähne to make navigable and the colony by two parallel ship trenches with tow paths to open up fehnartig. These canals were never realized, but strips of land reserved for them were kept free until around 1910.

In 1847, the expulsion took place a Kolonats the peasantry Bloherfelde. The first assignment to a colony took place on October 16, 1847 (today: Woldlinie 4). The high quality of peat quickly attracted further settlers. For this reason, the colonate was expanded by two further rows of colonies as early as 1849, which connected to the existing traffic routes to Oldenburg. This development through parallel streets (Wold-, Mittel-, Wildenlohslinie), typical for bog colonies, characterizes the Petersfehn townscape to this day. Based on the three historical “lines”, most of the other streets, with the exception of the streets in the new housing estates, are at right angles to each other.

In the summer of 1851 42 colonies of 15 Jück (approx. 7 hectares) had already been identified and 25 residential houses were built. In the same year, the first school lessons began in a tiny, private classroom, in which 46 school children were taught on an area of ​​20 m ² . The provisional arrangement ended in 1855 with the construction of a one-class elementary school in the middle of the colonies.

The life of the founding generation was hard and full of privation through house building, maintenance of the ditches and paths, the removal of back and grave peat and land cultivation, the sale of the peat the only significant opportunity to earn a living. The rapid expansion into incompletely drained bog areas turned out to be increasingly problematic, as a report from the Oldenburg Office in 1853 describes: “ The lack of drivable paths makes this impossible, and so large stocks of peat are unused ... This year has been around 5 months the colony as good as inaccessible ... ". As a result, many lived in debt and on the verge of subsistence. A report noted in 1863: “ If you look at… Petersvehn, the conditions there are even more unfavorable… in that most of the colonists there have gone without fortune and have now owed their jobs, so that competitions take place almost continuously. Petersvehn does not raise the 6th part through poor contributions, which its inhabitants receive through support…. ". Between 1859 and 1863, the government received 25 sales requests from the colonists. At the request of the colonists, Petersfehn became independent from Bloherfelde as a peasantry at the beginning of 1853, which the colonists hope to make easier for community road and drainage work.

A fundamental improvement in the situation was only after the colonate had been drained satisfactorily - for example, the deepening and widening of the main drainage ditch for Haaren, which was built in 1850 at the eastern end of the colonate area - and the construction of sand paths that could be used all year round and a chargeable clinker road to Oldenburg (1871/72, Today's connection center line - Bloherfelder Straße - Ammerländer Heerstraße) possible. About 40 years after the founding of Petersfehn, the situation had improved so much that the moor was dry, peat extraction was profitable and the excavated ground became more productive thanks to inexpensive mineral fertilizers .

In 1880 there were 124 households with 629 inhabitants, including 190 school children. Therefore, the old school building had to be replaced by a two-class school in 1880, in 1902 a second school building was added in the west of the village (Petersfehn II), which was expanded to two-class in 1908.

In terms of administrative law, Petersfehn belonged to the rural municipality of Oldenburg until 1897 and then became part of the municipality of Eversten, which was created through the division of the rural municipality and was again divided in 1924 when it was partially incorporated into the city of Oldenburg. Then Petersfehn became part of the newly founded municipality of Ofen, which however dissolved again on May 15, 1933 due to financial hardship. Since then, Petersfehn has been part of today's Bad Zwischenahn community.

The Petersfehn volunteer fire brigade was founded in March 1928.

In the First World War 49 soldiers from Petersfehn died, in the Second World War there were 96 dead and missing. Canadian troops occupied the village on May 3, 1945.

After the Second World War, especially since 1960, there have been significant changes in the economy and society in Petersfehn. The structural change particularly affected agriculture, the role of which fell significantly behind that of tree nurseries, craft and service companies. In 1962 Petersfehn was connected to the water supply of the OOWV , in 1966 the place received a sewer system and its own sewage treatment plant. At the same time, a first larger development area ("Reichsbundsiedlung") was designated. In 1967 the two village schools were merged into what is now the central school and in 1973 the Evangelical Lutheran kindergarten was opened. Due to its attractive proximity to Oldenburg, further building areas followed in 1978/79 in Petersfehn-Süd, -Est and on the Bloher Teichen. The "Eichenweg" industrial park was developed in 1971. In 1998 the local 150th anniversary was celebrated.

Origin of name

Nikolaus Friedrich Peter

After the settlement was initially called "Colonie Wildenlohsmoor" or "Colonie zu Bloherfeld", the sprouting town received the right to call itself "Petersvehn" after the Oldenburg Grand Duke Nikolaus Friedrich Peter (1827-1900). The part of the name "-fehn" refers to the never realized Fehnkanal. Only since 1891 has the official spelling been "Petersfehn".

Economy and culture

Church in Petersfehn I

In Petersfehn I, in addition to the school and church with a cemetery, retail and gastronomy are also represented and are constantly growing. Furthermore, the place benefits from its many associations, to name but a few: Citizens Association Petersfehn eV, Schützenverein Petersfehn e. V., gymnastics and sports club "Frei-weg" Petersfehn 1904, rabbit breeding club I28 Petersfehn, country women club Petersfehn, equestrian Petersfehn e. V., Friends of the Voluntary Fire Brigade Petersfehn eV etc. In Petersfehn there is a French language school where only native speakers give lessons. In 1991 the Heimatdiele Petersfehn eV was founded , which is dedicated to the maintenance of customs.

Transport links

Petersfehn is connected to Oldenburg by the city bus line 309 of Verkehr und Wasser GmbH (VWG). It runs from Friedrichsfehn via Petersfehn, Bloherfelde, the Kennedy quarter , the Dobbenviertel and the Oldenburg city center to the main station. Half-hour service is guaranteed on weekdays and Saturdays, and hourly in the early morning, in the evening until around midnight and on Sundays and public holidays.

The citizen bus line 394 is an eight-seater minibus that runs four times in the morning and five times in the afternoon to Bad Zwischenahn every hour , on Sundays and public holidays in the afternoons and not at all on Saturdays. This voluntary service, which can be used at the tariff of the Bremen / Lower Saxony transport association , has existed since 2014.

At the request of many people from Petersfehner, the place received a night bus connection to Oldenburg in 2006 with the N 38 line .

Hair retention basin

The Petersfehn flood retention basin is located northwest of Petersfehn at the confluence of the Haaren and Putthaaren rivers. The shallow basin has a permanent water surface of around 2 hectares. It was built in 1975 to protect against floods for the people living under the hair, especially the city of Oldenburg. In the east, across the Haarental, a dam with a crown height of +7.50 m above sea level and in the south to protect against the “Woldlinie” road, a dam was built to +7.00 m above sea level. The Haaren-Wasseracht based in Petersfehn is responsible for water maintenance.

The entire system and the weir structure are designed in such a way that around 850,000 m ³ can be stored on a floodable area of ​​70 ha at a maximum water level of +6.75 m . In 2009 the drainage structure received a fish ladder in the form of a so-called cross-bar pool pass. This overcomes a height difference of eighty centimeters with eight crossbars and enables fish to ascend or descend between the retention basin and the hair.

literature

• Karl Benke, Hellmuth Boelsen, Wilhelm Bruns, Heike Düselder, Gerd Fischer, Eilert Freese, Jürgen Günther, Michael Hansing, Klaus Harms, Wolfgang Hartung, Walter Helmerichs, Paul Hinrichs, Ulrich Hellweg, Günter König, Uwe Krüger, Günter Kühl, Axel Lüers , Bernhard Menke, Wilhelm Friedrich Meyer, Helmut Ottenjann, Christoph Reinders-Düselder, Karl Veit Riedel, Ilse-Jutta Sandstede, Wilhelm Sandstede, Gerd Schmidt-Möck, Carl-Heinz Schöfer, Peter Schulze, Gerd von Seggern, Erhard Steiner, Klaus Taux , Günther Wiechmann, Christian Wöbcken, Karl-Heinz Ziessow, Dieter Zoller, Dirk Zoller, Marianne Zoller: The Bad Zwischenahn community . People, history, landscape. Ed .: Municipality of Bad Zwischenahn. Friedrich Schmücker GmbH, Bad Zwischenahn 1994 (1062 pages; alternative title: Chronicle of the Bad Zwischenahn community on google-books ).
• Günther Pickert: Festschrift 150 years of Petersfehn, history, stories and pictures from past years . Citizens Association Petersfehn eV, 1998.

Web links

• Homepage of the place

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Annual statistical report of the Bad Zwischenahn community as of December 31, 2019
2. ^ Günther Pickert: Festschrift 150 years of Petersfehn . Page 14
3. ↑ Homepage Haaren Wasseracht