Jakobskirche (Urphar)
The Protestant Jakobskirche in Urphar , a district of Wertheim in the Main-Tauber district in Baden-Württemberg , is a medieval fortified church . The frescoes of an unknown painter who worked in the Jakobskirche and two other churches gave him the emergency name Master of Urphar . The church is part of the parish Bettingen-Urphar-Lindelbach , which is assigned to the Protestant church district Wertheim .
location
The Jakobskirche is located south of the historical center of Urphar, it is surrounded by a walled cemetery.
history
A first stone defense tower in Urphar probably already existed in the 8th century when the place was first mentioned. At the end of the 10th century the defense tower was renewed on the old foundations. On the east side it was given an apse . The nave was added in 1296/97. Around 1340 a cross-arched vault was drawn into the choir tower . In the late 15th century, a confessional chapel (today's sacristy ) with a six-part cross vault was added to the north wall of the choir, which essentially gave the church its present-day appearance. It was originally a Catholic church. When the confessional chapel was built, older components were probably reused, as one of its windows is still of Romanesque origin. The confessional chapel has a mighty sandstone altar with a reliquary.
The cemetery surrounding the church was once smaller and was surrounded by a two meter high, crenellated wall with loopholes. The wall was recently lost when the cemetery was expanded. The tower of the church may once have been more defensive, possibly it had a battlement or several loopholes, of which only one is left today. There is another arrow slit on the west wall of the nave.
From 1949 to 1953 the church was restored, revealing numerous old frescoes . The restoration work was carried out by the church painter Valentin Peter Feuerstein and the painter Sudeck. In the vault of the apse Christ is depicted in a mandorla surrounded by evangelist symbols. The side walls of the choir contain frescoes depicting the apostles under painted Gothic pointed arches. The paintings in the choir date from the time after the vaulting of the choir around 1340. There are also various frescoes in the nave, including a large representation of the Archangel Michael and one of James the Elder on the west wall as well as a frieze with scenes from the life of Christ. In the sacristy there are old wall paintings with a bishop, who cannot be clearly identified, and with St. John. In the sacristy and in parts of the nave there are also remains of floral decorative painting, which is dated 1699.
The frescoes in the nave, created around 1297, gave the master of Urphar his emergency name, whose style can also be found in the frescoes in the parish church in Oberschüpf and in today's St. Laurentius cemetery chapel in Freudenberg .
In the nave there are galleries on the south and north walls . In front of the choir there was once the Lindelbach gallery , which was reserved for the residents of Lindelbach and was removed during the renovation around 1950. The organ on one of the galleries was made by Johann Konrad Wehr in Marktheidenfeld in 1780 and restored by Steimeyer & Co. in Öttingen in 1952.
During the renovation around 1950, a grave was discovered under the altar, which was covered with an old altar plate. In the absence of grave goods, nothing could be said about the identity of the person buried there. Further grave slabs can be seen in the floor of the church. One of the unopened graves is probably the burial of a priest because of a goblet visible on the grave slab.
See also
literature
- Eugen Grether: The Jakobuskirche in Urphar am Main. In: Badische Heimat. No. 4, 1959, pp. 322-340.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Main-Post: The Jakobiskirche in Urphar as a refuge . July 22, 2010. Updated April 8, 2015. Online at www.mainpost.de. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
Coordinates: 49 ° 44 ′ 50.4 " N , 9 ° 34 ′ 21" E