James Carroll (politician, 1857)

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James Carroll (1914)

Sir James Carroll KCMG , MLC (* 20th August 1857 in Wairoa , Hawke's Bay , New Zealand ; † 18th October 1926 in Auckland , New Zealand) was a New Zealand politician Irish - Maori descent and the first Māori , a position with ministerial rank in a New Zealand government.

Early years

He was born on August 20, 1857 under the name Timi Kara as the sixth of eight children of the married couple Joseph Carroll and Tapuke , from the Iwi (tribe) of the Ngāti Kahungunu , in Wairoa . His father, who made a living for the family in the Hawke's Bay area in the early 1840s with whaling, logging, and blacksmithing, was from Sydney and was of Irish descent. In cooperation with the Māori, he traded and later farmed cattle and sheep.

Although he grew up in both cultures, his first years were significantly influenced by Maori culture. At the age of three he came into the custody of Ngarangi-Mataeo , an influential Māori - Chief in Wairoa District . A year later he was introduced and trained in the myths and rites of the Māori culture in a priestly school in Hikawai , near Frasertown . He was eight years old when his father took him out of school and sent him to a native school in Wairoa and later in Napier . In 1870, when he was just 13 years old, he joined a 300-strong Māori group that was supposed to catch the rebellious Te Kooti in the Urewera area. For his services in fighting Te Kooti's followers, he was awarded a medal and £ 50  .

family

Carroll married Heni Materoa in Wellington on July 4, 1881 and lived with her near Gisborne . They adopted some children but didn't have any of their own.

Professional career

After Carroll's father him a job as a cadet in a branch of the Native Department in Hawke's Bay had worried it went with his professional career upward. Through his job he came into contact with the Minister of Native Affairs , Donald McLean , who, convinced of his abilities, brought him to the Native Department in Wellington . After a year in this department , he was appointed interpreter at the Native Land Court . In 1879 he took over the position of interpreter in the House of Representatives for four years before deciding to go into politics.

Political activity

In 1883 he was a short-term candidate for the House of Representatives for the eastern Māori Electorate against Wi Pere and was defeated by only 23 votes, but the election in September 1887, although Prime Minister John Ballance started a campaign against him, finally for decide. Carroll advocated the Māori land rights and was strongly opposed to Ballance's Native Land Act of 1886 (law that restricted the Māori land rights ).

In 1892 he won the European Electorate Waiapu and in the same year was appointed to the Executive Council (Executive Council) of the government for the interests of the Māori , but without assignment of a division. On December 21, 1899, Richard Seddon finally appointed him Minister of Native Affairs . He held this position until the end of the Joseph Ward administration in March 1912. During Ward's foreign trips to England in 1909 and 1911, Carroll took over the affairs of state as a substitute and was thus briefly acting Prime Minister ( Acting Prime Minister).

From 1908 to 1919 he represented the constituency of Gisborne as a member of the House of Representatives , which he lost in 1919. In 1921 Carroll was appointed to the Legislative Council and held responsibility for the position until his death. He died of acute kidney failure in Auckland on October 18, 1926 . Was Buried Carroll with a tangihanga (Funeral Māori) However, in his hometown of Gisborne . Carroll's wife Heni died four years later on November 1, 1930.

Honors

In 1911 he was knighted as Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael and St. George (KCMG) and from then on carried the suffix "Sir".

literature

  • T. Lambert : Pioneering Reminiscences of Old Wairoa . Thomas Avery and Sons Limited , New Plymouth 1936, Timi Kara , p. 137–141 (English, online [accessed June 17, 2013]).
  • Robert Ritchie Alexander : Carroll, Sir James, KCMG, MLC . In: Alexander Hare McLintock (Ed.): An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand . Wellington 1966 ( online [accessed December 14, 2015]).
  • Tiaki Hikawera Mitira : Takitimu . Reed Publishing , Wellington 1972, Chapter Twenty-Three - The Life of Sir James Carroll, KCMG, MLC , pp. 207–214 (English, online [accessed June 17, 2013]).
  • Sir James Carroll did this in Auckland . In: Auckland Star . Volume LVII, Issue 248 . Auckland October 19, 1926, p. 9 (English, online [accessed June 17, 2013]).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Tiaki Hikawera Mitira : Takitimu . 1972, p.  207-208 .
  2. ↑ Sir James Carroll dies in Auckland . In: Auckland Star . 1926, p.  9 .
  3. ^ A b Alan Ward : Carroll, James . In: Dictionary of New Zealand Biography . Ministry for Culture & Heritage , June 6, 2013, accessed June 17, 2013 .
  4. ^ Robert Ritchie Alexander : Carroll, Sir James, KCMG, MLC . In: Alexander Hare McLintock (Ed.): An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand . Wellington 1966 ( online [accessed December 14, 2015]).
personal data
SURNAME Carroll, James
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kara, Timi
BRIEF DESCRIPTION New Zealand politician and Minister for Maori Affairs
DATE OF BIRTH August 20, 1857
PLACE OF BIRTH Wairoa , Hawke's Bay , New Zealand , British Empire
DATE OF DEATH October 18, 1926
Place of death Auckland , New Zealand