Wairoa District

Wairoa District
Geographical location
Location of the Wairoa District
Photo from the Wairoa District
Old Portland Island Lighthouse (1877) in Wairoa
Local authority
Country	New Zealand
island	North island
region	Hawke's Bay
Local authority	District
Council	Wairoa District Council
Headquarters of the administration	Wairoa (city)
mayor	Craig Little
founding	1989
Post Code	3079, 4078, 4108, 4182, 4189, 4180, 4191, 4193, 4196-4198
Telephone code	+64 (0) 6
Website	www.wairoadc.govt.nz
geography
Region ISO	NZ-HKB
Coordinates	39 ° 2 ′  S , 177 ° 25 ′  E Coordinates: 39 ° 2 ′  S , 177 ° 25 ′  E
Highest elevation	1392 m
Lowest point	Height of sea level
surface	4th 077  km 2
Residents	7th 890 (2013)
Population density	1.94 inhabitants per km 2
Statistical data
Public revenue	NZ $ 25.6 million  (2015)
Public expenditure	NZ $ 28.0 million  (2015)
Number of households	3 987 (2013)
Ø income	NZ $ 22,000  (2013)
Māori population	59.4% (2013)

The Wairoa District is an administrative unit in the Hawke's Bay region in New Zealand . The district council, called the Wairoa District Council , is based in the city of Wairoa , as is the district administration.

geography

Geographical location

With 4077 km² of pure land area, the district is the second largest district in the Hawke's Bay region. With 7890 inhabitants in 2013, the district has a population density of 1.9 inhabitants per km², making it the district with the second lowest population density on the North Island behind the Ruapehu District with 1.8 inhabitants per km².

The Wairoa District borders in the southwest and west on the Hastings District , in the northwest on the Whakatāne District , which belongs to the Bay of Plenty region and in the northeast on the Gisborne District , which as a unitary authority also performs the tasks of a region. The southern border of the district is formed by the coastline to Hawke Bay and in the east the coast to the Pacific Ocean .

The only city in the district is Wairoa , all other places have less than 1000 inhabitants. The district is largely characterized by a mountain landscape that rises to the northwest to the mountain ranges of the Otaunoa Range , the Matakuhia Range and the Huiarau Range . The highest mountain in the district is the 1403  m high Manuoha . South of the mountain and fringed by the three mountain ranges is Lake Waikaremoana , which was created a good 2200 years ago by a landslide after an earthquake and dammed the Waikaretaheke River . Other rivers in the district are listed from west to east: the Mohaka River , the Waihua River , the Waiau River , the Wairoa River , the Ruakituri River and the Nuhaka River .

climate

The district's climate is rich in variations. The prevailing south to south-westerly wind sometimes causes temperature fluctuations. The mean daytime temperatures are between 16 and 24 ° C in summer and between 0 and 8 ° C in winter, depending on the altitude. The duration of sunshine is also not uniform in the entire district, from 2200 hours per year it decreases in the west to below 1900 hours. The precipitation varies between 1000 and 1400 mm per year. Only in the northwest, towards the higher mountains, is the precipitation beyond 2000 mm.

history

The district was originally the settlement area of ​​the Tākitimu Waka , from which the Māori - Iwi (tribe) of the Ngāti Kahungunu has formed. In 1839 the first European came with William Rhodes . He founded the first trading post. He was followed in 1841 by the missionary William Williams , who founded the first mission station in the district in 1844. The European settlers who came used the land to grow flax and raise sheep. The conflicts over land in this region also led to armed conflicts between Māori and Pākehā , as the white settlers were called. The land was later taken from the defeated Māori .

population

Population development

Of the 7890 inhabitants of the district in 2013, 4689 inhabitants were of Māori origin (59.4%). This means that 0.8% of the country's Māori population lived in the Wairoa District . The median income for the population in 2013 was NZ $ 22,000  compared to NZ $ 28,500 national average.

Origin and languages

When asked about ethnic group membership in the 2013 census, 49.5% said they were European, 62.9% said they had Māori roots, 2.2% came from the islands of the Pacific and 1.7 % came from Asia (multiple answers were possible). 6.1% of the population said they were born overseas and 20.0% of the population spoke Māori , 30.5% among the Māori .

politics

administration

In contrast to other districts, the Wairoa District is not divided into different wards . There are five elected councilors . Together with the Mayor (mayor) they form the District Council (district council). The mayor and the five councilors are re-elected every three years.

economy

With an average per capita income of NZ $ 22,000, the Wairoa District is one of the poorer districts in New Zealand. The main income comes from agriculture . About 60% of the district area is used productively. 48% of this is used as grazing land. The forestry trying to develop. The tourism compared to other areas of New Zealand underdeveloped. Tourist attractions are the Te Urewera National Park with Lake Waikaremoana and above all the Mahia Peninsula with its water sports, fishing and long sandy beaches.

Natural gas has been found in the northern part of the district . In the event of economic exploitation, it is hoped that part of the district's energy supply will be covered with gas and that around 15% of energy costs will be saved. The explorations have not yet been completed (as of 2012).

Infrastructure

traffic

Two New Zealand State Highways cross the district, along the coast this is State Highway 2 , which connects Wairoa with Gisborne in the northeast and Napier in the southwest. The State Highway 38 branches off from Wairoa to the northwest into the mountains and ranges as State Highway only to the place Aniwaniwa at Lake Waikaremoana , from where the road as a simple country road through the mountainous area until after Murupara , in Whakatane District lying leads.

Web links

• Homepage . Wairoa District Council,accessed June 21, 2016. 

Individual evidence

1. ^ Postcode Boundaries - Wairoa District . (PDF; 1.8 MB) New Zealand Post , accessed on May 3, 2017 (English).  
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} 2013 Census QuickStats about a place : Wairoa District - Population and dwellings . Statistics New Zealand , accessed June 21, 2016 .  
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Wairoa District Council . In: Local Councils . Department of Internal Affairs , accessed June 21, 2016 .  
4. ↑ ^{a b} Topo250 maps . Land Information New Zealand , accessed June 21, 2016 .  
5. ^ PR Chappell : The Climate and Weather of Waikato (=  NIWA Science and Technologies Series . Number 58 ). 3. Edition. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research , 2013, ISSN 1173-0382 , p.   18, 25, 29 (English, online [PDF; 7.1 MB ; accessed on June 21, 2016]).
6. ↑ About Wairoa - History . Wairoa District Council , accessed May 22, 2019 .  
7. ↑ 2013 Census QuickStats about a place : Wairoa District - Cultural diversity . Statistics New Zealand , accessed June 21, 2016 .  
8. ↑ Mayor and Councilors . Wairoa District Council , accessed June 21, 2016 .  
9. ↑ ^{a b} Tourism & Economy . Wairoa District Council , archived from the original on March 18, 2012 ; accessed on June 21, 2016 (English).