Tauranga

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tauranga
Tauranga City
Geographical location
Tauranga CC.PNG
Location of Tauranga City
Photo from Tauranga
Tauranga Harbor and City.jpg
Tauranga Harbor and City of Mount Maunganui seen from
Local authority
Country New Zealand
island North island
region Bay of Plenty
Local authority City
Council Tauranga City Council
mayor Greg Brownless
founding February 21, 1882
Post Code 3110, 3112, 3116, 3118
Telephone code +64 (0) 7
UN / LOCODE NZ TRG
Website www.tauranga.govt.nz
geography
Region ISO NZ-BOP
Coordinates 37 ° 41 ′  S , 176 ° 10 ′  E Coordinates: 37 ° 41 ′  S , 176 ° 10 ′  E
Highest elevation 231 m
Lowest point Height of sea level
surface 135 km 2
Residents 114 789 (2013)
Population density 850.29 inhabitants per km 2
Statistical data
Public revenue NZ $ 181.7 million  (2015)
Public expenditure NZ $ 176.2 million  (2015)
Number of households 50 085 (2013)
Ø income NZ $ 27,100  (2013)
Māori population 16.3% (2013)
View from Mount Maunganui to the east of the district of the same name

Tauranga , official name: Tauranga City , is a port city and an independent Territorial Authority on the North Island of New Zealand . The city is the seat of the Bay of Plenty Regional Council and the Western Bay of Plenty District Council . The council for the city itself is called the Tauranga City Council .

Origin of name

Tauranga means something like anchorage or resting place in German.

geography

Geographical location

Tauranga City is about 150 km southeast of Auckland in the western part of the Bay of Plenty . The city has a land area of ​​135 km² and in 2013 had 114,789 inhabitants in the census . So has Tauranga and a population density of 851.9 inhabitants per square kilometer, making it the city with the second highest population density in the country. Tauranga is enclosed to the west, south and east by the Western Bay of Plenty District , while the coast of the Pacific Ocean forms the northern city limits.

The landscape of the city lies in the southeast of Tauranga Harbor , a large natural harbor that is separated from the South Pacific by Matakana Island . To the west of Tauranga and Tauranga Harbor run the Kaimai Range , to the south the large forest areas of the Kaimai Mamaku Forest Park with its neighboring forests of Puwhenua and Te Matai and Oropi Forests to the east . To the east, the urban area runs out on the long, wide beaches of the Bay of Plenty . The only larger river in the city, the Wairoa River , runs from the Kaimai Range in the western part of the city and flows west of the districts of Bethlehem and Wairoa Pa into Tauranga Harbor .

Districts

The districts or suburbs that surround the city center of Tauranga City are from west to east:

  • west of Tauranga City : Bellevue , Bethlehem , Brookfield , Judea , Matua , Otumoetai , Te Puna , Wairoa .
  • south of Tauranga City : Gate Pa , Greerton , Hairini , Ohauiti , Oropi , Parkvale , Poike , Tauranga South .
  • southwest of Tauranga City : Lower Kaimai , Omanawa , Pyes Pa , Tauriko .
  • east of Tauranga City : Kairua , Maungatapu , Matapihi , Mount Maunganui , Papamoa Beach , Waitao , Welcome Bay .

climate

With preferred moderate south-westerly wind directions, the mean daytime temperatures are around 23 ° C in summer and 7 ° C in winter. The duration of sunshine levels off around 2000 hours per year and the rainfall between 1000 and 1100 mm calculated over the year.

history

Elms Mission Station

The European history of Tauranga began in 1838 when Alfred Nesbit Brown , a missionary of the Anglican Church Missionary Society (CMS), bought 12.5  hectares of land from the Māori at the northern end of the Te Papa peninsula (now the center of Tauranga ) to set up a mission station between two larger Pā (village). Brown began work that same year, bought another 240 acres in 1839, and completed the mission in 1847. After Brown , traders who had been trading in the area for years also settled. One of the first of them was John Lees Faulkner , a dealer, ship builder, and agricultural machinery manufacturer.

After the Waikato War began in 1863, hostilities finally reached the area around Tauranga in 1864 . British soldiers occupied the land of the mission station, waged war against the local Māori tribes ( Gate Pā on April 29 and Te Ranga on June 21) and thereby also destroyed Brown's missionary work . After the end of the war in August 1864, the Māori land was confiscated and the expropriation was subsequently legalized with the Tauranga Lands Act of 1867 . Land near the city was given to soldiers for settlement purposes, private settlers were given land outside of it.

The newly created settlement was first administered by the North Highways District Board , but after the settlement had reached the number of 250 families, Tauranga was officially founded on February 21, 1882 and was given its own mayor with George Vesey Stewart , including its own administration. Tauranga had around 1,200 inhabitants that year. As a result of an economic crisis that hit the entire country in the 1880s, the population of Tauranga decreased noticeably and was not to come back to the old level until 1911.

Tauranga Post Office (1906), former government building

In 1915 the city hall was built and after the construction of the Omanawa Falls Power Station in the same year, the first electrified house was inaugurated in Tauranga . In the 1950s and 1960s, due to the rapid growth of the city, the city limits were expanded five times, in 1959 Maungatapu and Hairini were incorporated, in 1961 Otumoetai and Judea were added and in 1963 Tauranga was granted city rights when the population reached 21,500 .

With the 100,000 inhabitant mark reached in 2004, Tauranga is an independent city and has since been allowed to call itself Tauranga City .

population

Population development

Of the 114,789 inhabitants of the city in 2013, 18,678 inhabitants were of Māori origin (16.3%). This means that 3.1% of the country's Māori population lived in the city. The median income for the population in 2013 was NZ $ 27,100  , compared to NZ $ 28,500 national average.

Origin and languages

When asked about ethnic group membership in the 2013 census, 83.5% said they were European, 17.1% said they had Māori roots, 2.4% came from the islands of the Pacific and 5.6 % came from Asia (multiple answers were possible). 20.5% of the population said they were born overseas and 4.0% of the population spoke Māori , compared to 24.1% among the Māori .

politics

administration

Tauranga City is once again divided into three wards , the Mount Maunganui / Papamoa Ward , the Otūmoetai / Pyes Pa Ward and the Te Papa / Welcome Bay Ward . Of the ten Councilors who, together with the Mayor, form the City Council , four are elected for the entire city area and two for each ward . The mayor and the ten councilors are re-elected every three years.

Town twinning

Tauranga's twin cities are Yantai in the People's Republic of China and Hitachi in Japan.

economy

In the city center on Gray Street

With the Port of Tauranga, Tauranga City owns the second largest port in New Zealand after Auckland , but with a turnover of NZ $ 16 billion  in 2013 it has more value added. Goods such as wood, salt and agricultural products are exported through the port. For tourism, the port of Tauranga is the destination of numerous cruise companies, such as Celebrity Cruises or P&O Cruises , who mainly use the port as a starting point for day trips to the geothermal attractions of the Rotorua Lakes district . In the 2012/2013 cruise season, Tauranga was served by a total of 84 cruise ships.

Tauranga and in particular the neighboring region around Te Puke in the east and Katikati in the west are New Zealand's largest kiwi growing areas . The kiwi fruit is grown here all year round and then exported all over the world. The cultivation of avocados , tamarillos and other "tropical fruits" is also becoming more and more important.

In addition, tourism is a very important economic sector. For example, Tauranga has become an important vacation home for many wealthy New Zealanders who own one of the very expensive vacation homes there on the beach.

In 2015, the city had 14,289 companies with a total of 61,057 employees. The four most important economic sectors of the city in 2015 were the social and health sector with a 14% share of the gross domestic product (GDP), the retail trade with 11.3%, the construction sector with 10.1% and the manufacturing industry 9.1%.

Infrastructure

traffic

Road traffic

In terms of transport, the city is connected by the New Zealand State Highway 2 , which, coming from the west, continues through the city to Whakatāne and Opotiki and connects the northeast of the North Island to Tauranga . From Tauranga the two state highways 29 and 36 lead inland, the latter also to Rotorua .

Rail transport

The East Coast Main Trunk Railway connects Tauranga via Hamilton with the North Island Main Trunk Railway , which runs from Auckland to Wellington .

Air traffic

3 km southeast of downtown is on the promontory of Mount Maunganui the Tauranga Airport , which was opened on 14 January 1939 and connects the city with the most important regional airports in the country.

shipping

Tauranga has direct access to the Pacific Ocean with its industrial port.

Culture

Paraglider at Tauranga Entrance from Mount Maunganui seen from

Benefiting from the warm climate in the region, Tauranga offers a wide range of sports and leisure options. In addition to bathing and relaxation options on the long beaches of the Mount Maunganui district and east of it, water sports such as sailing, surfing and paragliding from the old volcanic cone Mount Maunganui are particularly popular.

Sports

Sports events such as the city's annual half marathon and the Port of Tauranga Half Ironman held in January, which includes 2 km swimming in the harbor basin, 90 km cycling and 21.1 km running, are popular city ​​events . While individuals start at the half marathon, at the Port of Tauranga Half there are teams of three who divide the three disciplines among themselves. In January 2014, a total of 156 teams with 468 participants did this. The fact that the teams, which are allowed to compete as pure women, men or mixed teams, are also about fun, was shown by the mostly funny names that the teams gave themselves.

The region's rugby team, Bay of Plenty Rugby Union , is based in the Mount Maunganui district and plays some of its home games in Tauranga at the BlueChip Stadium .

Personalities

See also

Web links

Commons : Tauranga  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Tauranga  Travel Guide
  • Homepage . Tauranga City Council,accessed June 8, 2014.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e 2013 Census QuickStats about a place : Tauranga City - Population and dwellings . Statistics New Zealand , accessed July 7, 2016 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Tauranga City Council . In: Local Councils . Department of Internal Affairs , accessed July 7, 2016 .
  3. ^ Boundary Map . Tauranga City Council , archived from the original on July 7, 2016 ; accessed on May 18, 2019 (English, original website no longer available).
  4. ^ PR Chappell : The Climate and Weather of Waikato . In: NIWA Science and Technologies Series . 3. Edition. Number 62 . National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research , 2013, ISSN 1173-0382 , p.   15, 17, 24, 29 (English, online [PDF; 6.7 MB ; accessed on June 8, 2016]).
  5. ↑ a b Alfred Brown 1803 - 1884 . The Elms , archived from the original on August 18, 2014 ; Retrieved June 12, 2014 (original website no longer available).
  6. ^ A brief history of the Church Missionary Society's Te Papa Mission Station known as The Elms . The Elms , archived from the original on October 16, 2016 ; Retrieved on November 7, 2016 (original website no longer available).
  7. ^ The Traders in Tauranga . Tauranga City Libraries , accessed June 12, 2014 .
  8. ↑ Missonaries in Tauranga . Tauranga City Libraries , accessed June 12, 2014 .
  9. ^ The Military Settlers in Tauranga . Tauranga City Libraries , accessed June 12, 2014 .
  10. ↑ a b Tauranga : the birth of a city . Tauranga City Libraries , accessed June 12, 2014 .
  11. ^ History . Tauranga City Council , archived from the original on July 7, 2016 ; accessed on May 18, 2019 (English, original website no longer available).
  12. ↑ 2013 Census QuickStats about a place : Tauranga City - Cultural diversity . Statistics New Zealand , accessed July 7, 2016 .
  13. ^ The Elected Members . Tauranga City Council , accessed May 18, 2019 .
  14. ^ Tauranga City website , accessed May 5, 2017
  15. ^ Cruise Schedules . Port of Tauranga , accessed July 7, 2016 .
  16. ↑ Business & Employment . Tauranga City Council , archived from the original on July 7, 2016 ; accessed on May 18, 2019 (English, original website no longer available).
  17. ↑ Topo250 maps . Land Information New Zealand , accessed July 7, 2016 .
  18. ↑ Quick Facts - Course Distance . Mount Festival of Multisports , accessed July 7, 2016 .
  19. ^ Port of Tauranga Half . Race timing , accessed July 7, 2016 .
  20. ↑ Homepage . Bay of Plenty Rugby Union , accessed June 15, 2014 .