Japanese mock camellia

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Japanese mock camellia
Japanese camellia (Stewartia pseudocamellia)

Japanese camellia ( Stewartia pseudocamellia )

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Asterids
Order : Heather-like (Ericales)
Family : Tea plant family (Theaceae)
Genre : Mock camellias ( Stewartia )
Type : Japanese mock camellia
Scientific name
Stewartia pseudocamellia
Maxim.
Habitus
Leaves and buds
Stewartia pseudocamellia var. Koreana , Jirisan , Korea

The Japanese camellia ( Stewartia pseudocamellia ) is a large shrub or tree with 5 to 7 centimeters large, white flowers from the tea shrub family (Theaceae). The natural range is in Japan and South Korea. It is sometimes used as an ornamental plant because of its decorative flowers and impressive autumn colors.

description

The Japanese camellia is a 4 to 6 sometimes even up to 18 meters high, initially stiffly upright shrub or tree with a reddish bark peeling off in large plates and thin, straight, bare and gray-brown shoots. The leaves have a 0.3 to 1 centimeter long stem. The leaf blade is simple, elliptical, obovate-elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, 3 to 8 centimeters long, pointed long, with a wedge-shaped base and a distant, serrated leaf margin. The upper side of the leaf is fresh green, the underside is lighter and has a few long hairs or is bare. The autumn color is orange-red to dark red.

The flowers are broadly cup-shaped and have a diameter of 5 to 7 centimeters and a 1 to 3 centimeter long stem. The bracts are small and have a 6 to 15 millimeter long stem. The white petals are almost circular. The stamens have white stamens and orange anthers. The stylus is fused. As fruits ovoid, about 2 centimeters long, five-edged are capsules formed. The Japanese camellia blooms from July to August.

distribution

The natural range is in Japan on the islands of Honshū , Kyushu and Shikoku and in South Korea. The Japanese camellia grows in species-rich forests and groups of trees on fresh to moist, acidic to neutral, sandy-humic or loamy humic soils in sunny to partially shaded locations. The species tolerates heat, is moderately frost hardy and does not tolerate lime. The distribution area is assigned to winter hardiness zone 6b with mean annual minimum temperatures of −20.5 to −17.8 ° C (−5 to 0 ° F).

Systematics

The Japanese mock camellia ( Stewartia pseudocamellia ) is a species from the genus of the mock camellia ( Stewartia ) in the tea bush family (Theaceae). There the genus is assigned to the Tribus Stewartieae. The species was first scientifically described by Carl Maximowicz in 1867 . The generic name Stewartia reminds of John Stewart, the Earl of Bute (1713–1793), a statesman who lived under George III. Was Prime Minister and had its own botanical garden. The specific epithet pseudocamellia is composed of the Greek ψεῦδος, pseudos for "lie" and Camellia, the generic name of the camellias . It refers to the external similarity with species of this genus.

There are two varieties :

  • Stewartia pseudocamellia var. Pseudocamellia from Japan.
  • Korean Scheinkamelie ( Stewartia pseudocamellia var. Koreana (Nakai) Sealy ). It differs by the slightly curved shoots and by the broadly elliptical, 4.5 to 6.5 centimeters long and briefly pointed leaves. The flowers are 5 to 7 centimeters wide, the petals are circular to wide, obovate with a finely wavy edge. It loves warmth and is sensitive to frost. Their distribution area is in South Korea.

use

The Japanese mock camellia is sometimes used as an ornamental shrub because of its decorative flowers and impressive autumn colors .

proof

literature

  • Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 632.
  • Jost Fitschen: Woody flora . 12th, revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 3-494-01422-1 , p. 822 .
  • Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 (reprint from 1996).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German name according to Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 632
  2. ↑ a b c d e Roloff et al .: Flora der Gehölze , p. 632
  3. ↑ a b c Fitschen: Gehölzflora , p. 822
  4. ↑ a b Stewartia pseudocamellia . In: Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). United States Department of Agriculture, accessed September 24, 2012 .
  5. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 611
  6. ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 511

Web links

Commons : Japanese camellia ( Stewartia pseudocamellia )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files