Jean-Baptiste Cartier

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Jean-Baptiste Cartier

Jean-Baptiste Cartier (born May 28, 1765 in Avignon , † 1841 in Paris ) was a French violinist, violin teacher, composer and music publisher of the classical period.

Life

Jean-Baptiste Cartier, the son of a dance master, received violin lessons from a clergyman named Walraef in Marseille. Already well trained, he came to Paris in 1783 to complete his skills with Giovanni Battista Viotti . Viotti introduced him to the court, where Cartier was employed as a violin accompanist by Queen Marie-Antoinette from 1785 until the Revolution . In 1791 Cartier got a job as deputy concertmaster at the Paris Opera , a position he held until 1821. From 1804 to 1830 he was a member of the Musique de Napoléon and subsequently in the court chapels of the kings Louis XVIII. and Karl X. until their dissolution in 1830. Cartier taught numerous students at the Conservatory, although he never had a job there. However, he exerted a great influence on the younger generation of violinists through his theoretical violin school, dedicated to the conservatory, which appeared for the first time in 1798 and in an expanded 3rd edition in 1803. Cartier, who is interested in music from the past, is said to have had a collection of rare historical instruments.

Works

Violin school

Cartier's particular merit is his textbook, in which he regarded the study of the old masters as an important part of the training.

  • "L'Art du violon ou Cellection choisie dans les sonates des écoles italienne, française et allemande" (Paris, 1798 and 1799)
  • An expanded third edition “ L'Art du violon ou Division des écoles choisies dans les sonates ” (Paris, 1803) In total, 154 sonatas or sonatas by well-known masters of the early 18th century were published in this third edition. Cartier published several works for the first time by, for example, Giuseppe Tartini (Devil's Trill Sonata owned by Pierre Baillot and L'Arte del arco with its 50 variations on a gavotte theme by Corelli), Pietro Nardini , (Sonate énigmatique), Gaetano Pugnani and Johann Sebastian Bach (Fugue in C major for violin without bass), which until then were only in circulation as handwritten copies. In the explanatory first part, Cartier used the basic elements of violin playing, referring to the textbooks by Francesco Geminiani , Leopold Mozart and Théodore-Jean Tarade . He wrote an educational part and the chapter with the various technical elements himself. A facsimile edition was published in 1972, which attracts attention in the area of historical performance practice .

Instrumental works (selection)

In addition to numerous caprices, etudes, several duo collections as well as some violin concertos, symphonies and two operas that were not performed but that François-Joseph Fétis , who had known him personally, mentioned as manuscripts in Cartier's possession, he published, among other things:

  • Airs Variés from operas by Grétry, Salieri, Mozart op.3
  • 6 violin sonatas with bass op.6
  • Sonata dans le style de Monsieur Lully ( " a corde ravalée " Scordatura ) op accompanied by a second violin. 7
  • 3 Grands duo dialogue et concertants op. 14

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ François-Joseph Fétis: Biographie universelle des musiciens et bibliographie génèrale de la musique (1865)
personal data
SURNAME Cartier, Jean-Baptiste
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French composer, violinist, classical music publisher
DATE OF BIRTH May 28, 1765
PLACE OF BIRTH Avignon
DATE OF DEATH 1841
Place of death Paris