Jean-Paul Adam Schramm

Jean Paul Adam Schramm

Jean-Paul Adam Schramm (born December 1, 1789 in Arras , † February 25, 1884 in Paris ) was a French Général de division of the infantry and Minister of War (1850/51).

Life

Schramm was a son of General Jean Adam Schramm (1760-1826). At his father's request, Schramm joined the army as a cadet on October 19, 1799 .

He was soon able to distinguish himself through bravery and in 1805 was assigned as a lieutenant to an infantry regiment led by Marshal Charles Nicolas Oudinot . Under his leadership, Schramm took part in the war against Austria that same year.

Schramm fought near Wertingen (October 8, 1805), Ulm (October 8/20, 1805), Amstetten (November 5, 1805) and Hollabrunn (November 16, 1805). After the Battle of Austerlitz (December 2, 1805), Napoleon personally presented him with the Cross of the Legion of Honor .

During the campaigns of 1806 and 1807 Schramm served as his father's aide-de-camp on his father's staff. He took part in the battle of Jena and Auerstedt (October 14, 1806) and was involved in the siege of Danzig (→ Republic of Danzig ) with his own command .

After the Peace of Tilsit (July 7/9, 1807) Schramm returned to France. After further promotions he was transferred to the staff of Joachim Murat in Spain in 1808, after the " Dos de Mayo ", to take part in the Napoleonic War there . He was involved in the siege of Saragossa (June / August 1808) and helped organize the occupation of Madrid.

In 1809 Schramm fought off Aspern (May 21/22, 1809) and Wagram (July 5/6, 1809). Other battles in which Schramm took part were at Großgörschen (May 2, 1813) and Dresden (August 26-27, 1813).

When Schramm was able to return to France after the Treaty of Fontainebleau (April 11, 1814), he received no further assignment; therefore he tried to succeed with diplomatic tasks. But only after the diplomatic incident in Algeria (→ blow the fly whisk ) by Dey Hussein and the following French campaign in Algeria, Schamm was appointed military governor of Algiers .

When after the July Revolution of 1830 King I. Louis-Philippe had been established (→ July Monarchy ), he badankte at General Schramm with his appointment to the State Council for its help. Schramm held various political offices over the next few years. Schramm reached the peak of his career on October 22, 1850, when Napoleon III. (→ Second French Republic ) appointed him - after the resignation of Alphonse Henri d'Hautpoul - as Minister of War of France. He held this office until January 9, 1851 and was replaced by Auguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angely .

In the course of the next few years, Jean-Paul Adam Schramm resigned from all his offices and duties and retired into private life. He died at the age of 95 on February 25, 1884 in Paris, where he found his final resting place.

Honors

• 1805 Chevalier of the Legion of Honor
• May 14, 1813 Officer of the Legion of Honor
• May 14, 1813 Baron de l'Émpire
• 1840 Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor
• Comte de l'Émpire .
• His name can be found on the eastern pillar (19th column) of the triumphal arch on Place Charles-de-Gaulle (Paris).

literature

• David Chandler: The campaigns of Napoleon . Weidenfeld, London 1993, ISBN 0-297-81367-6 . (Reprint of the London 1966 edition)
• Philip J. Haythornthwaite: Who was who in the Napoleonic wars . Arms & Armor, London 1998, ISBN 1-85409-391-6 .
• Charles Mullié: Biography of the célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850 . Poignavant, Paris 1851. (2 vol.)
• Adolphe Robert, Gaston Cougny (eds.): Dictionnaire des parlementaires français. Vol. 5, Slatkine, Geneva 2000, ISBN 2-05-101711-5 . (Reprint of the Paris 1900 edition)
• Digby Smith : The Greenhill Napoleonic Wars Data Book . Greenhill, London 1998, ISBN 1-85367-276-9 .