Jean Clouet

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Francis I by Jean and François Clouet, around 1530, Louvre, Paris
Marguerite d'Angoulême by Jean Clouet, around 1530, Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool
Guillaume Budé by Jean Clouet, around 1536, Metropolitan Museum, New York

Jean Clouet , also known as Janet, (* 1480 ; † 1541 in Paris ) was a French Renaissance painter . He was the father of François Clouet .

Life

Clouet may have come from Brussels (and may originally have been called Cloet). His work at the court of the French King Francis I is documented for the first time in 1516 (in that year he appears in the list of court painters). A donation from the king to François Clouet (Clouet's inheritance had fallen to the crown) shows that Clouet was not a French citizen. He lived in Tours for several years (a stay in 1522 is documented), where he met his wife, the daughter of a jeweler. He had been a valet and painter at the court of Francis I from 1533 and lived in Paris since 1529 at the latest.

In addition to his son François, who succeeded him as royal court painter in 1540, he had a daughter Catharine (∞  Abel Foullon ). His brother Clouet de Navarre was a painter in the service of Margaret of Navarre , the sister of Francis I. Jean Clouet also painted her portrait (Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool, around 1530).

He was buried on the now no longer existing Cimetière des Innocents and possibly lived near the associated church of St. Innocents.

Jean Clouet was both a portrait painter and a miniaturist . His paintings include a portrait of Francis I kept in the Louvre (although it is commonly assumed that François Clouet was involved in it), a portrait of Francis II as a Dauphin in Antwerp, a portrait of Guillaume Budé (around 1536, Metropolitan Museum), a portrait of Claude de Lorraine, duc de Guise (Pitti Museum), Francis I on horseback (Uffizi), Charlotte (daughter of Francis I, private property), Louis de Nevers (Bergamo Museum) and the picture of an unknown ( The Man with the Petrarch Band , Hampton Court Royal Collection). A portrait by Oronce Fine from 1530 has only survived through prints. However, a number of portrait drawings have survived from the collection of Catherine de Medici ( Chantilly Castle , Musée Condé ). Many paintings could be assigned to Jean Clouet through these drawings.

A direct influence of the portrait of Charles VII (around 1445, Louvre) by Jean Fouquet on Jean Clouet and his portrait of Francis I is often assumed.

Several of his miniature portraits are preserved in a commentary on the Gallic War from around 1520.

literature

  • Peter Mellen Jean Clouet , London, New York, Phaidon Press, 1971
  • Peter Mellen Jean Clouet, Catalog raisonné des dessins, miniatures et peintures , Éditions Flammarion, Paris 1971
  • Étienne Moreau-Nélaton Les Clouet et leurs émules . Laurens, Paris 1924
  • Louis Dimier Histoire de la peinture de portrait en France au XVIe siècle, accompagnée d'un catalog de tous les ouvrages subsistant en ce genre, de crayon, de peinture à l'huile, de miniature, d'émail, de tapisserie et de cire en médaillons , Paris / Bruxelles, Van Oest, 1924–1926 (and various other works by Dimier such as French painting in the sixteenth century , London 1904)
  • Alphonse Germain Les Clouet , Paris, H. Laurens 1907
  • Etienne Jollet Jean et François Clouet , Paris 1997
  • Henri Bouchot Les Clouet et Corneille de Lyon , Paris, Librairie de l 'Art 1896
  • Armand Fourreau Les Clouets , Paris 1929
  • Les Clouet & la Cour des rois de France: de François Ier à Henri IV , Bibliothèque nationale, Paris 1970
  • Encyclopedia Britannica from 1911 (according to the article there, the information comes from Louis Dimier)
  • Alexandra Zvereva, Nicole Garnier-Pelle Le cabinet des Clouet au Chateau de Chantilly: Renaissance et portrait de cour en France , Paris, Edition Nicolas Chaudun 2011

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Count Jean de Laborde Renaissance des arts à la cour de France (1850) was able to prove a French-born painter Jehan Cloet in Brussels in 1475 and assumed that this was the father of Jean Clouet. Laborde was also the first to distinguish Jean Clouet from his son François.
  2. ^ Portrait of Franz I, Louvre
  3. ^ Antique Digest
  4. ↑ Louis Dimier (1865–1943) was an art critic, art historian and action française politician with monarchist convictions.
personal data
SURNAME Clouet, Jean
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French painter
DATE OF BIRTH 1480
DATE OF DEATH 1541
Place of death Paris