Jean Rouxel

Jean Marcel Rouxel (born February 24, 1935 in Malestroit , † March 19, 1998 in Nantes ) was a French chemist ( solid state chemistry ). He was a professor at the University of Nantes .

Rouxel studied at Rennes and the University of Bordeaux where he received his doctorate in 1961 (on two classes of aluminum compounds). He then worked as an assistant in Bordeaux and after military service in Algeria in 1962/63 he went to the newly established laboratory for solid-state chemistry (today named after him) in Nantes . There he became assistant professor in 1964 and professor in 1968. 1986 to 1998 he was a scientific advisor at Rhône-Poulenc . In 1988 he became director of the Institute for Materials (Institut des Matériaux, which emerged from the Institute for Solid State Chemistry) in Nantes, which he remained until his death in 1998. From 1991 to 1996 he was a professor at the Institut Universitaire de France. In 1994/95 he was a professor at the École normal supérieure de Lyon and in 1997 until his death he was a professor of solid-state chemistry at the Collège de France .

He synthesized and characterized numerous solids in low dimensions (i.e. one or two dimensions) and researched the properties of one-dimensional inorganic chains, for example the phase transition to charge density waves. Another area of ​​research was incommensurable structures in solids and the connection between chemistry and electronic band structure in solids. He investigated the mechanisms of anionic polymerization in solids and the competition of anions and cations in redox reactions in solids. He is also concerned with a synthesis direction based on biological processes, which in France is called soft chemistry (Chimie Douce), after a word coined by the French chemist Jacques Livage in 1977.

He held several patents on batteries and electrodes.

In 1974 he received the silver medal of the CNRS and in 1997 the gold medal of the CNRS and the Prix Paul Pascal of the French Academy of Sciences. In 1992 he was awarded the Gay Lussac Humboldt Prize . Rouxel received the Alexander von Humboldt Research Award (1993) and gave the Debye Lecture of the Cornell Section of the American Chemical Society . He was knight of the Legion of Honor (1988, officer from 1997) and officer of the Ordre national du Mérite and commander of the Palmes académiques . In 1988 he became a member of the Académie des Sciences and he was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1992), the Academia Europaea , the Leopoldina (1997) and the Indian Academy of Sciences.

Fonts

• Editor and co-author: Crystal Chemistry of Materials with quasi one-dimensional structure , Reidel Publ., 1985
• Editor with M. Tournoux et, R. Brec: Chimie Douce - Soft Chemistry Routes to New Solids , Trans Tech. Ltd Publications, Aedermannsdorf, 1994 (International Symposium in Nantes in September 1993)
• with C. Schlenker Structural, electronic properties and design of quasi-one-dimensional inorganic conductors in LP Gor'kov , G. Grüner (editor) Charge density waves in solid , Chapter 2, Elsevier 1989
• Design and chemical reactivity of low-dimensional solids , in Thomas Bein (editor) Supramolecular Architecture , American Chemical Society Symposium series, Volume 499, 1992, pp. 88-113.
• Low-Dimensional Solids: An interface between molecular and Solid-State Chemistry? The example of chain like niobium and tantalum chalcogenides , Accounts of Chemical Research, Volume 25, 1992, pp. 328-336.

Web links

• Biography at the College de France