Jean Toby

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Jean François Toby (born January 29, 1900 in Saint-Pierre-Quilbignon , † June 28, 1964 in Plougonvelin ) was a French colonial official. He was governor of Niger , Ivory Coast and French Polynesia .

Life

Jean Toby attended the École coloniale in Paris . He entered the French colonial service in Africa and earned a good reputation as a district commander in French Sudan . The Vichy regime appointed him governor of the colony of Niger to succeed General Maurice Falvy , who should concentrate on his military duties. Toby took up his position on March 4, 1942, which he initially only held temporarily until December 1942. For a few weeks - from August 3 to August 26, 1943 - he was also governor of the Ivory Coast. He survived the end of the Vichy regime in 1944 unscathed. During Jean Toby's long absences from Niger, other colonial officials took over the post of governor on an interim basis: Jacques Gosselin from April 30 to October 13, 1946 , Lucien Geay from November 24, 1948 to February 25, 1949 , and from February 25, 1949 to March 29 1950 Ignace Colombani and from February 11, 1952 to February 21, 1953 Fernand Casimir . The colony became an overseas territory within the French Union in 1946 . The elections to the General Council in 1946/1947 gave Niger its own parliament for the first time. Governor Toby tried to influence the emergence of a party landscape in the overseas territory in the interests of France. The up-and-coming Nigerian Progressive Party (PPN-RDA) was considered unreliable, not least because of its alliance with the French Communist Party (PCF). Toby therefore initiated the founding of a new party in 1948, the Union of Independent Nigerians and Sympathizers (UNIS). The goal of significantly weakening the PPN-RDA was temporarily achieved, but from 1952 onwards the UNIS lost its importance due to internal crises and was finally dissolved in 1957. The PPN-RDA was again the dominant political force in Niger. Jean Toby left Africa in 1954 to take up his new post as Governor of French Polynesia on September 28th. He succeeded Jean Petitbon , his own successor as Governor of Niger was Jean Ramadier . In French Polynesia, Toby had to deal with political instability and the upheavals caused by the loi-cadre Defferre of 1956. On March 7, 1958, Camille Bailly replaced him as governor. Jean Toby died six years later in his homeland in Brittany .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b J. M. Regnault: Jean-François Toby (1900–1964) . Assemblée de la Polynésie française website, accessed March 9, 2013.
  2. ↑ Marc Carlier: Méharistes du Niger. Contribution to l'histoire des unités montées à chameau du territoire nigérien: 1900 to 1962 . L'Harmattan, Paris 2000, p. 369.
  3. ^ Roger Bruge: Les combattants du 18 juin. Vol. 4: Le cessez-le-feu . Fayard, Paris 1988, p. 233.
  4. ↑ a b c Niger . WorldStatesmen.org website, accessed March 9, 2013.
  5. ^ Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) . WorldStatesmen.org website, accessed March 9, 2013.
  6. ↑ Edmond Séré de Rivières: Histoire du Niger . Berger-Levrault, Paris 1965, p. 270.
  7. ^ Mamoudou Djibo: Les transformations politiques au Niger à la veille de l'indépendance . L'Harmattan, Paris 2001, p. 45.
  8. ^ A b French Polynesia . WorldStatesmen.org website, accessed March 9, 2013.
personal data
SURNAME Toby, Jean
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Toby, Jean François (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French colonial administrator
DATE OF BIRTH January 29, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH Saint-Pierre-Quilbignon
DATE OF DEATH June 28, 1964
Place of death Plougonvelin