École nationale de la France d'Outre-Mer
The École nationale de la France d'Outre-Mer (ENFOM) was a French university whose task was the training of management staff for the French colonial service.
history
In 1885 the Mission Cambodgienne was founded in Paris . The mission was initiated by Auguste Pavie , a French explorer and diplomat who had acquired a great deal of knowledge about the customs and traditions of Cambodia . He had criticized the poor level of education, especially among the indigenous colonial officials, and so the first thirteen Cambodian students received their training.
In 1887 the institution was officially recognized and in 1888 it was renamed École coloniale . The École Coloniale was open to all residents of the French colonies and trained administrative officials for the French colonial empire. Under Georges Hardy (1884–1972), who was director of the institution from 1926 to 1933, preparatory classes were introduced at the elite schools Lycée Louis-le-Grand , Lycée Henri IV and Lycée Chaptal in Paris and tuition fees were abolished. The duration of the training was now three years, and graduates had to commit to five years of service in the colonial administration.
In 1934 the École coloniale was renamed École nationale de la France d'Outre-Mer and, under the leadership of Robert Delavignette, numerous reforms were carried out and the range of courses expanded. Courses dealt with economics, law, ethnology, languages, tropical medicine and colonial culture.
The establishment of the École nationale d'administration (ENA) in 1945 and the decolonization after the Second World War heralded the end of the institution. The École was replaced in 1959 by the Institut des hautes études d'Outre-Mer , from which the Institut international d'administration publique emerged in 1966 , whose task it was to train administrative staff for the former colonies that had become independent. In 2002 the Institut international d'administration publique was incorporated into the ENA.
Teachers
The following people taught at ENFOM:
- Étienne Aymonier (1844–1929), colonial administrator in Indochina
- Henri Brunschwig (1904–1989), historian
- Charles-André Julien (1891–1991), historian
- Henri Maspéro (1883–1945), sinologist
- Léopold Sédar Senghor (1906–2001), writer and first President of Senegal
- Jacques Soustelle (1912–1990), politician, anthropologist and ethnologist
Graduates
- Paul Biya (* 1933), President of Cameroon
- Maurice Bourgine (1879–1963), colonial administrator in Africa
- Michel Chatelais (* 1933), diplomat
- Alphonse Choteau (1883–1936), colonial administrator in Africa and the Caribbean
- Ignace Colombani (1908–1988), writer and colonial administrator in Africa
- Joseph Court (1881–1948), colonial administrator in Africa
- Xavier Deniau (1923–2011), politician and colonial official in Africa and Indochina
- Hamani Diori (1916–1989), President of Niger
- Abdou Diouf (* 1935), President of Senegal
- Albert Doillon (1918–2004), Romanist and colonial administrator in Africa and Indochina
- Félix Éboué (1885–1944), colonial administrator in Africa and the Caribbean
- Pierre Messmer (1916–2007), Prime Minister of France
- Alain Marie Pierret (* 1930), diplomat
- Jean Ramadier (1913–1968), colonial administrator in Indochina and Africa
- Jean Rapenne (1901–1952), colonial administrator in Africa and South America
- Phetsarath Ratanavongsa (1890–1959), Prime Minister of Laos
- Louis Rollet (1915-2001), Colonial Administrator in Africa
- Josseline Louise Marie da Silva Gbony (* 1957), Beninese ambassador
- Diallo Telli (1925–1977), diplomat and Minister of Justice in Guinea
- Habib Thiam (1933–2017), Prime Minister of Senegal
- Jean Toby (1900–1964), colonial administrator in Africa and Polynesia
- Trần Trọng Kim (1883–1953), Prime Minister of Vietnam
- Joost van Vollenhoven (1877–1918), officer and colonial clerk
- Sisavang Vong (1885–1959), King of Laos
source
- Entry on the Culture.fr website of the French Ministry of Culture and Communication, accessed on August 26, 2010.
Coordinates: 48 ° 50 ′ 38.4 " N , 2 ° 20 ′ 10.8" E