Jingzhe (newspaper)

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Jingzhe ( Chinese  驚蟄 , Pinyin jingzhe ) translated Spring Festival (Engl. Spring Festival ) or waking from hibernation (Engl. Awakening from hibernation ) was in the late 1930s in Chengdu , Republic of China published newspaper. As one of the last publicly accessible platforms of anarchism in China, it was one of several magazines by Chinese anarchists to appear at the time, but had the most straightforward anarchist profile. In the late phase of the Qing Dynasty , anarchism had a strong influence on overseas Chinese and in southern China, but it was in constant decline after the Xinhai Revolution . Both the emerging Chinese Communist Party and the increasingly nationalist Kuomintang have repeatedly used violence against supporters of the ideology.

The newspaper, whose name was derived from another that appeared in Guangzhou in the early 1920s, was founded in Chengdu in 1937, shortly after the Second Sino-Japanese War , by Lu Jianbo and other anarchists. With the retreat of the Chinese government and industry to Sichuan , the city's importance grew rapidly, but at the same time it came under repeated air attacks by the Japanese air forces .

Unlike many anarchists, who often opposed war for reasons of class struggle, the editorial staff of the Jingzhe supported the war against Japan as a resistance to oppression and advocated mass mobilization of the population. In a 1938 edition, this led to the public rehabilitation of Pyotr Alexejewitsch Kropotkin . In 1916 he signed the Manifesto of the Sixteen , in which influential anarchists spoke out in favor of supporting the Entente cordiale during the First World War . Many had interpreted this as a betrayal of the working class and anarchist principles. Jingzhe reported extensively on the Spanish Civil War at the time and repeatedly reprinted articles by Spanish anarchists that were translated into Chinese. One of the authors was the writer Ba Jin , who, after settling a dispute with Lu Jianbo, wrote an article about Buenaventura Durruti , who died in 1936 . Ba also repeatedly spoke out in the newspaper for the formation of a popular front of anarchists, communists, socialists and anti-fascists on the model of the Spanish Frente Popular in the fight against the Japanese Empire, although the Second United Front between the Communist Party and the Kuomintang had existed since 1937 .

With the worsening war situation, Jingzhe had to be discontinued in 1940.

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b c Arif Dirlik: Anarchism in the Chinese Revolution. 1991, pp. 285-291.
  2. ↑ a b c William C. Kirby, Mechthild Leutner and Klaus Mühlhahn (eds.): Global Conjectures. China in Transnational Perspective. 2006, p. 15.
  3. ^ Daniel SS Cairns: "Anarchist Publications in the May Fourth Era". 2014.
  4. ^ Gregor Benton: Chinese Migrants and Internationalism. Forgotten Histories, 1917–1945. 2007.

literature

  • Gregor Benton: Chinese Migrants and Internationalism. Forgotten Histories, 1917–1945. Routledge, London 2007, ISBN 113-411-329-3 .
  • Arif Dirlik: Anarchism in the Chinese Revolution. University of California Press, Berkeley 1991, ISBN 052-007-297-9 .
  • William C. Kirby, Mechthild Leutner and Klaus Mühlhahn (eds.): Global Conjectures. China in Transnational Perspective. LIT Verlag, Münster 2006, ISBN 382-589-481-9 .

Web links