Johan van Hulst

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Johan van Hulst (1980)

Johan Wilhelm van Hulst (born January 28, 1911 in Amsterdam ; † March 22, 2018 there ) was a Dutch educator , politician and resistance fighter . At the time of the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II , he was involved in the rescue of around 600 children from the “children's house” at the Amsterdam Jewish assembly point, Hollandsche Schouwburg .

biography

Professional and political career

Van Hulst during a speech in Parliament (1963)

Johan van Hulst was the son of the upholsterer Gerrit Gerhardus Jacobus van Hulst and his wife Geertruida Catharina, née Hofman; the family was Dutch Reformed . By 1929 he trained as a teacher, with degrees in education and psychology .

From 1929 to 1936 van Hulst was a teacher in Oudewater , where he also worked as a church organist , and from 1936 to 1938 in Utrecht . From 1938 he taught at the Hervormde Kweekschool , a teacher training facility of the Protestant Reformed Church in Amsterdam , from 1942 to 1960 he was its director. In 1961 he received his doctorate from the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam . In addition to other activities as a lecturer and teacher, he was a professor at the University of Amsterdam from 1963 to 1976 and was jointly responsible for the expansion of the pedagogical area. He also wrote numerous books and hundreds of articles. The last book of his appeared when he was 95 years old and at the age of 101 he wrote an article for the parliamentary yearbook in memory of the late politician and university professor Bertus de Rijk .

From 1929 to 1980 van Hulst was a member of the Christelijk-Historische Unie (CHU) and from 1980 of the Christen-Democratisch Appèl (CDA). From 1956 to 1981 he was a member of the First Chamber of the States General , from 1961 to 1967 he was a member of the European Parliament . From 1968 to 1977 he was parliamentary group leader of the CHU in the First Chamber, from 1977 to 1981 of the CDA. Twice he turned down the offer to take on a ministerial post because he saw politics as a "hobby".

One of his chess friends, the politician Sytze Faber , said of Van Hulst: “Zijn belezenheid maakt indruk en dat ontgaat hem niet. En hij is inderdaad geen vuurspuwende god van de reformeerde Olympus ;. Milde ironie en humor omhullen hem. "(" His erudition makes an impression, and he is aware of that. In fact, he is not a fire-breathing god of the reformed Olympus. Mild irony and humor surround him. ")

Johan van Hulst was mentally active well into old age. He died in his hometown of Amsterdam in 2018 at the age of 107. His death received international media coverage.

Savior of Jewish children

Opposite the Hervormende Kweekschool , at which Johan van Hulst worked from 1938, was the Hollandsche Schouwburg Theater , which was operated from July 1942 by the Central Office for Jewish Emigration in Amsterdam under the direction of SS Hauptsturmführer Ferdinand from the Fünten as a gathering place for Jews before onward transport was used in the Westerbork transit camp or the Herzogenbusch concentration camp . From there the people were deported to extermination camps, where most of them were murdered.

In August 1942, the Hervormde Kweekschool had to be closed because the German authorities had cut financial support for this as well as for other Christian institutions in the Netherlands and the teachers could no longer be paid. When this became known, donations came in from all over the country, so that the school was kept running.

In October 1942 a “children's house” was opened next to the school for Jewish children up to the age of twelve, who were housed there - separated from their parents - until their planned deportation. In cooperation with the German Jew Walter Süskind and the director of the children's home Henriëtte Pimentel , who worked for the Joodsche Rad , and several resistance groups, van Hulst, who said he was "not afraid of the devil", managed to get up to 600 children in front of the To save deportation.

The helpers benefited from the fact that then (as now) there was a tram stop in front of the Schouwburg . When the tram stopped and blocked the view, they would run next to the tram with an older child by the hand and get on at the next stop. Although the tram drivers and passengers saw this and knew where the children were from, they were never betrayed. Smaller children smuggled them in washing baskets or rucksacks out of the “children's house” through the school garden.

In an interview Johan van Hulst later said: “Voor mij gaat de oorlog nooit voorbij. Ik heb met own ogen gezien hoe al the children drokken [...]. En hoe twee SS'ers een Joods meisje haar speelgoedpop afpakten. Die beelden staan ​​voor altijd op mijn netvlies branded. ”(“ For me the war is never over. I saw with my own eyes how the children were [...] taken away. And how two SS men gave a Jewish girl his doll that burned itself into my retina forever. ")

In 1972 van Hulst was awarded the Israeli honorary title Righteous Among the Nations for saving the children . When Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu visited the Dutch parliament in January 2012 as part of a state visit, he presented van Hulst with a Hebrew Bible and a handwritten letter of thanks. 

The National Holocaust Museum , which Johan van Hulst attended , has been located in the former premises of the Hervormde Kweekschool since 2016 .

Personal

From 1936 Johan van Hulst was married to Anna Jannetta Donker, the couple had two daughters. One of the two is the television journalist Diane van Hulst (* 1939). One brother was the composer and author Gerard van Hulst (1909–1990).

Chess player

Van Hulst was an accomplished chess player and a member of the Amsterdam association Caïssa . He learned chess at the age of twelve and won the first tournament in 1926. He regularly took part in the chess tournament for ex-parliamentarians as part of the Tata Steel Chess Tournament in Wijk aan Zee , which he won several times at the age of 99 and where he was an annual guest of honor until recently. In the course of his “chess life” he achieved a draw against Max Euwe , Anatoli Karpow and Jan Timman in simultaneous chess games . A book dedicated to his chess activities was published on his 100th birthday. Once, when the university institute in which he worked was occupied by students, to the great annoyance of his colleagues, he invited them to play games of simultaneous chess in order to keep talking to them; later they laughed about it together.

Honors

The Johan van Hulstbrug in Amsterdam

In 2016, in Amsterdam, bridge no.233 at the Hortus Botanicus Amsterdam , previously known as Westelijke Hortusbrug or Victoria regiabrug , was renamed Johan van Hulstbrug .

Publications (selection)

  • De beginselleer van Hoogvelds pedagogiek. Wolters, Groningen 1961, (dissertation).
  • Casimir - Nederlands pedagoog (= Verdiept inzicht. 13). JM Meulenhoff et al., Amsterdam et al. 1962.
  • De plaats van de Christelijke school. Een Gegist bestek? (= Reports en bijdragen. Vol. 37, No. 1). Vereniging voor Christelijk Nationaal Schoolonderwijs, Wageningen 1962.
  • Het bijbelverhaal en de kinderlijke verwondering. In: Kind en zondag. Vol. 33, No. 9, 1965, pp. 320-321.
  • The wording van een wet. In: Uitleg. Weekblad van het Departement van Onderwijs en Wetenschappen. No. 225, 1970, pp. 5-11.
  • with Uilkje J. Rijpma-Boersma: De maatschappelijke betekenis van de onderwijzer. In: Belgisch-Nederlandse Vereniging voor de Geschiedenis van Onderwijs en Opvoeding (ed.): Onderwijzers in school en maatschappij. Belgische en Nederlandse situaties in de 19e en 20e eeuw. Centrum voor de Study van de Historische Pedagogiek, Gent 1978, pp. 1-23.
  • Kerkelijk antisemitisme. Enkele voorbeelden uit Nederland en Duitsland. 1920-1945. Merweboek, Sliedrecht 1990, ISBN 90-71864-10-3 .
  • Martinus Jan Langeveld. October 30, 1905– December 15, 1989. In: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen. Jaarboek. 1991, ISSN  0169-2038 , pp. 154-162.

literature

  • Barbara Beuys : Living with the Enemy. Amsterdam under German occupation 1940–1945 . Carl Hanser, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-446-23996-8 .
  • Wouter van Haaften / Gerolf Verwey ( ed .): Johan W. van Hulst pedagoog, politicus, verzetsman. In de voetstappen van Coornhert . Uitgeverij Verloren, Hilversum 2015, ISBN 978-90-8704-514-2 .

Web links

Commons : Johan van Hulst  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Dr. JW (Johan) van Hulst. In: parlement.com. Retrieved April 2, 2018 (Dutch).
  2. ↑ a b biography of Johan van Hulst: pedagoog, politicus en verzetsman. In: verus.nl. April 30, 2015, accessed April 2, 2018 (Dutch).
  3. ↑ a b Verzetsman Johan van Hulst (107) overleden. April 2, 2018, accessed April 2, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b Bart Stam: "Schaken heeft mijn leven verrijkt" (part 2). In: schaken.nl. Retrieved April 4, 2018 .
  5. ^ Johan Hut: Johan van Hulst en Wijk aan Zee. In: schaaksite.nl. March 30, 2018, Retrieved April 4, 2018 (Dutch).
  6. ↑ Richard Sandomir: Johan van Hulst, Who Helped Save 600 Children From the Nazis, Dies at 107. In: nytimes.com. April 1, 2018, accessed April 2, 2018 .
  7. ^ Morreu Johan Van Hulst, o professor que salvou centenas de crianças judias. In: cmjornal.pt. March 30, 2018, accessed April 2, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Milan Čupka: Vo veku 107 rokov zomrel Johan van Hulst, hovorili mu holandský Schindler. In: spravy.pravda.sk. March 31, 2018, accessed April 2, 2018 (Slovak).
  9. ↑ a b c d Johan van Hulst (1911-2018) - Redder Joodse baby's. In: historiek.net. March 26, 2018, accessed April 2, 2018 (Dutch).
  10. ↑ Hollandsche Schouwburg. In: dutchamsterdam.nl. August 19, 2017, accessed January 20, 2018 .
  11. ^ Van Liempt, head money , p. 151.
  12. ↑ Beuys, Leben mit dem Feind , p. 214.
  13. ^ The Righteous Among The Nations. In: db.yadvashem.org. Retrieved April 2, 2018 .
  14. ↑ Netanyahu thanks Nederlandse verzetsstrijder. In: volkskrant.nl. January 19, 2012, accessed April 2, 2018 (Dutch).
  15. ↑ Netanyahu eert verzetsman on YouTube , October 1, 2014
  16. ↑ Nationaal Holocaust Museum in oprichting - Joods Cultureel Kwartier. In: jck.nl. Retrieved April 2, 2018 .
  17. ^ Johan van Hulst overled. In: dedokwerker.nl. Retrieved April 2, 2018 .
  18. ↑ Diane van Hulst - Beeld en Geluid Wiki. In: wiki.beeldengeluid.nl. Retrieved April 2, 2018 (Dutch).
  19. ↑ Bart Stam: "Schaken heeft mijn leven verrijkt". In: schaken.nl. Retrieved April 4, 2018 .
  20. ↑ a b c Johan Hut: Johan van Hulst heeft een brug in Amsterdam. In: schaaksite.nl. December 9, 2016, accessed April 2, 2018 (Dutch).
  21. ^ In memoriam - Professor Johan Wilhelm van Hulst. In: Tata Steel Chess. Retrieved April 2, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Hulst, Johan van
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hulst, Johan Wilhelm van (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch educator, politician and resistance fighter
DATE OF BIRTH January 28, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Amsterdam
DATE OF DEATH March 22, 2018
Place of death Amsterdam