Johann Bernhard Wiedeburg

Johann Bernhard Wiedeburg

Johann Bernhard Wiedeburg also: Wideburg (born January 22, 1687 in Helmstedt , † April 29, 1766 in Jena ) was a German mathematician and astronomer.

Life

Johann Bernhard was the son of the Helmstedt mathematics professor and later theologian Christoph Tobias Wiedeburg (born July 19, 1647 in Halberstadt; † December 5, 1717 in Helmstedt). He received his first training at home. After it had already been deposited on January 7, 1696, it began to study at the University of Helmstedt on September 27, 1704 . Here were other Hermann von der Hardt , Jonas Conrad Schramm (1675-1739), Hermann Dietrich Meibomian (1671-1745), Johann Georg von Eckhart , Georg Engelbrecht the Elder , Rudolf Christian Wagner (1671-1741), Johann Barthold Niemeier , Alexander Christian Gakenholz (1672–1717), Justus Christoph Böhmer (1670–1732) and Johann Andreas Schmidt were his teachers. In 1710 he acquired the academic degree of a master's degree in philosophy and then took part in the university's reading operations. On March 22, 1717 he became associate professor of mathematics in Helmstedt, which task he took on with the introductory speech de Preportione in veritatis investigatione et omnibus hominum actionibus servanda .

On February 22, 1718, he moved to the University of Jena as a full professor of mathematics, and on April 13, 1718, he became inspector of the Saxon convectorate. As a university professor, he taught Leibnitz's calculus, analytical geometry, mechanics and astronomy. At the same time he dealt with biblical mathematics and tried to link mathematics with theological teaching. In 1737 he was appointed to the church council of Saxony-Weimar , in 1739 he was given permission to hold lectures at the theological faculty, which meant that a theological professorship was promised. In addition, he held the chair for rhetoric from 1739 to 1743. Wiedeburg also took part in the organizational tasks of the Jena Salana. He was dean of the philosophical faculty a few times and in the summer semesters 1728, 1738, 1739 and 1750 rector of the alma mater .

family

Wiedeburg had married Margaretha Sophia Dorothea Schröter († February 25, 1748 in Jena), the daughter of Jena law professor Johann Christian Schröter (1659–1731) and his wife Anna Dorothea Götze around 1720 . One daughter and six sons result from the marriage. From the children we know:

• Dorothea Henrica Wiedeburg
• Basil Christian Bernhard Wiedeburg (1722–1758)
• Johann Ernst Basilius Wiedeburg (1733–1789)
• Christian Just Wiedeburg (* February 21, 1727 Jena, † July 7, 1804 in Weimar) Jurist a. Saxony-Eisenach-Weimar government councilor
• Franz Wilhelm Wiedeburg (* Jena, † May 20, 1762 ibid.) Matriculated Uni. Jena July 19, 1738 hc, 1753 Mag.phil, 1758 Adj.phil Fak., Collaborator St.-Johannis-Kirche
• Christoph Ludwig Wiedeburg (born August 28, 1731 in Jena) enrolled July 19, 1738 hc, full member of the Teuschen Society Jena, 1758 Dr. jur. University. Jena
• Georg Heinrich Wiedeburg (* Jena; † August 2, 1758 ibid.) Immat. University. Jena February 16, 1750 hc, student med.

Works (selection)

• Applausus votivus viro magnifico, amplissimo atque excellentissimo domino justo Christophoro Böhmero, pohtiees & eloquentke professori publ. ordin. longo ccleberrimo, cum fasces aca-demia? Julia? primum ipsi solenni inauguratione, the XXX. Julii anni MDCCV. deferrentur. Helmstedt 1705
• De proportione in veritatis investigatione et omnibus hominum actionibus servanda oratio. Helmstedt 1707
• Abusum psalmi 109 imprecatorii vulgo death prayer. Helmstedt 1708; (President Johann Andreas Schmidt)
• Dissertatio mathematica de maculis solaribus [...]. Helmstedt 1709 (President RC Wagner)
• Exercitatio Academica de difficultate, quae circa veritatis cognitionem occurrit, ejusque Causis ad Lib. II Metaphys. Aristotelis Cap. I § ​​1. Helmstedt 1710 (Resp.Johannes Christoph Wideburg, online )
• Carmina votiva clarissimis magistris Iohanni Bernhardo Wideburgio, Iohanni Friderico Meinen, Nicoiao Hoppen, Iohanni Friderico Schmidio. Helmstedt 1710
• Exercitatio Academica de variis disputandi Modis. Helmstedt 1711, (Resp.Peter Franz Eding, online )
• Eclipsis Totalis Solis et Terrae AS MDCCXV. D. III. Maii. st. n. temp. civ. in boreali terrae hemisphaerio observanda: pro illustrando calculo eclipsium Solarium & Terrestrium ex fundamentis trigonometricis, & Tabulis diversorum Astronomorum Riccioli, Longomontani, Kepleri, Streeteni, supputata & descripta. Helmstedt 1715, ( online )
• Tractatus de eclipsi solis et terrae, occasione eclipseos solaris 1715 the VI Maii. Helmstedt 1715
• Institutiones Geometricae, in usum auditorum conscriptae. Helmstedt 1716
• De analysi mathematicorum, disputatio posterior. Helmstedt 1716 (Resp. Justus Barthold Wiedeburg, online )
• Oratio de proportione in veritatis investigatione et omnibus hominum actionibus sevanda. Helmstedt 1717 ( online )
• Programma de methodo mathematica singulis disciplinia philosophicis accommodanda adplicanda. Helmstedt 1717
• Progr. Quo ad monita a Cl. Actor. Eruditor. German, editoribus propolita reipoudet. Helmstedt 1717
• Institutiones Mathematicae. [Sectio 1. arithmeticam, geometriam, trigonome-triam, opticam cum catroptica et dioptrica; Sectio 2. astronomiam, architecturam militaris, architecturam civilis, mechanicam, geographiam mathematicae, chronologiam mathematicae et horologiam], Braunschweig 1718 ( online )
• Institutiones Astronomicae. Braunschweig 1718 ( online )
• Progr. De facilitate studii mathematici. Jena 1718
• Diss. Mathematica, de praeftantia arithmeticae binariae praedecimali dyadice. Jena 1718 (Resp. JC Rhiem)
• Progr. De noxio matheseos in theologia neglectu. Jena 1718
• Diss. De pondere planetarum et gravitatione. Jena 1718
• Oratio de inifuxu siderum in temperamentum hominis. Jena 1720
• Diss. De luce primigenia, ad illustrationem loci Genes. I, 3-5. Jena 1721 (Resp.Georg Christoph Meyer)
• Diss. De imperfercetione Calendarii Gregoriani, eiusque anno 1724 discrepantia a Calendario correcto. Jena 1723, (Resp.Johann Rudolph Mehmel)
• De aestimatione sumtuum pro aedificiorum structuris. From the stop of the construction costs. Jena 1723 (Resp. Christian Friedrich Appel, online )
• Systema Copernicanum Scripturae sacrae non esse oppositum. That it is not contrary to what Copernicus teaches of the heavenly bodies of the holy scriptures. Jena 1724 (Resp.Johann Christoph Haynisch, online )
• An anonymous discussion of the question: Whether the Systema Copernicanum of Heil. Run contrary to scripture? Reissued and annotated. Jena 1726
• Progr. Vindicine quarundam thesium mathematicarum, adversus compilatores Actor. Erud. Germ. Lipsiens. dissertationibus publ. in Geographiam mathematicam, praemissae. Jena 1725
• Introduction to the Mathematical Sciences, for beginners in high and low schools. With 53 coppers. Jena 1725, 1735
• Introduction to the higher Mathesi, including the reason for the letter calculation, Geometrica curvarum, analysi of finite and infinite quantities, Trigonometria, Sphaerica and astronomical calculation for beginners. Jena 1726 ( online ),
• Progr. De dignitate graduum academicorum tueoda. Jena 1726
• Matheseos biblicae
  • specimen primum, exhibens explicationes Locorum Mathematicorum quae in genesi occurunt. Jena 1727 (I, online )
  • specimen secundum, exhibens explicationes Locorum Mathematicorumin IV posterioribus Pentateuchi libris. Jena 1727 (II, online )
  • specimen tertium, exhibens explicationes Locorum Mathematicorumin libris Josuae, Ruth, Samuelis et Regum. Jena 1728 (III)
  • specimen quartus, exhibens explicationes Locorum Mathematicorum in libr. Chronicorum, Esdrae, Nehemiae et Jobi. Jena 1728 (IV)
  • specimen quintum, exhibens explicationes Locorum Mathematicorum in Psalmis, scriptis Salomonis et Apocryptis. Jena 1729 (V, online )
  • specimen sextus, exhibens explicationes Locorum Mathematicorum in Prophetis. Jena 1730 (VI)
  • septem speciminibvs comprehensa, exhibens explicationes locorum Mathematicorum quae per universam Scripturam V. et N. Testamenti Occurrunt. Jena 1730 (VII, online )
• An anonymous clear and written discussion of the question whether the Cartesii Meynung, by claiming that the sun stands still and the earth moves, contradicts H. Schrifft? Jena 1731 ( online )
• Oratio de globis, verticaliter explosis, pone tormentum versus occidentem delabentibus. Jena 1733
• Quaestionem de globis verticaliter explosis nec ad tormentum relapsis. Jena 1734, ( online )
• De viribus insitis disquisitio. Jena 1734 (Resp. Justus Christoph Oldendorp, online )
• Phaenomena mvndi nascentis eivsdemqve peritvri mechanice explicata. Jena 1734, (Resp.Johannes Heinrich Nolten, online )
• De Stellis mutabilibus, ea In Specie Qvae In Collo Ceti Haeret Disqvisitio. Jena 1739 (with Basilus Christian Wiedeburg, online )
• Congratulatory speech on the happiness of a country in the long life of its regent; at the recovery of the Duke of Eisenach, Wilh. Heinrich's, A. Held on behalf of the university in 1741.
• Astronomical description and news of the Comet, who appeared in the month of Merz in the current year 1742, honestly gives it, etc. Jena 1742
• Astronomical concerns about the question of whether the imminent end of the world will arise naturally, especially when a comet approaches earth, that a terrible prelude of the same can be expected within four years. Along with a complete message from the Comet, which appeared at the end of the 1743rd and the beginning of the current year. Jena 1744 ( online )
• Introduction to astrognosia according to the Homannian sky maps. Jena 1745
• Notes to explain his astronomical concerns about the question: Whether the impending end of the world w? Jena 1746
• Treatise on mathematical relationships and their size. Jena 1750 ( online )
• Instructions on general or letter arithmetic, together with their use in common arithmetic and geometry, designed for the use of his audience in public lectures. Jena 1751

literature

• Gabriel Wilhelm Goetten: The now-living scholar of Europe, or news of the most noble living conditions and writings of now-living scholars, which have been diligently collected and published impartially. Ludolph Schröder's widow, Braunschweig & Hildesheim, 1736, 2nd ed., 2nd vol., P. 686, ( online )
• Johann Christoph Mylius: Jena flourished in 1743. Therein about the origins of the city, the foundation of the university and what else belongs to it, the same from those of other high colleges. But especially the life and writings of the scholars are told in full. Georg Michael Marggraf, Jena 1743, p. 136 ( online )
• Wideburg (Johann Bernhard). In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 55, Leipzig 1748, column 1762.
• Johann Georg Meusel : Lexicon of the German writers who died from 1750 to 1800. Gerhard Fleischer d. J., Leipzig, 1816, vol. 15, p. 103, ( online )
• Johann Christian Poggendorff : Biographical-literary concise dictionary for the history of the exact sciences. Volume 2, Johann Andreas Barth, Leipzig 1863, Sp. 1316, ( online )
• Siegmund Günther :  Wiedeburg, Johann Bernhard . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 42, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1897, p. 379 f.
• Wilhelm Kosch: German Literature Lexicon. Biographical-bibliographical manual. 3. Edition. Volume 31, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-11-023572-2 , Sp. 673 f.,