Johann Christian Fischer (composer)

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Portrait of Thomas Gainsborough , 1780 (Royal Collection)

Johann Carl Christian Fischer (* around 1733 in Freiburg im Breisgau , according to other sources Conradsdorf near Freiberg in Saxony , † April 29, 1800 in London ) was a German composer and oboist .

Life

The first verifiable mention of Johann Christian Fischer is the performance of an oboe concerto in Warsaw around 1757, in the presence of the Polish King August III. , whose Dresden chapel belonged to Fischer with a salary of 400 thalers. In 1764 he studied in Turin with the oboist Alessandro Besozzi in order to improve his performance style and to apply the techniques of the most important Italian singers to his playing. In the following years Fischer stayed in Paris, where he appeared at the Concert spirituel , in the southern Netherlands and in Mannheim, where he impressed the nine-year-old Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart . He composed his 12 Variations KV 179 (189a) on a menuet by Johann Christian Fischer. In 1767 he was a harpsichordist at the Berlin court, according to Charles Burney as the successor to the disgraced Johann Christian Bach . A year later, Fischer came to London. His reputation as an oboist quickly spread to the point where he appeared in most of the major concert events in London and other cities. From 1774 he appeared regularly at court and with Johann Christian Bach and Carl Friedrich Abel belonged to the chamber music of the queen. From this position he had a great influence on his students, which included Charles Suck, Christopher Kellner and Antonin Sallatin, and he also influenced the well-known oboists of his time with his playing technique.

In 1780 he married the daughter of his friend, the painter Thomas Gainsborough , despite his opposition, the relationship broke up a short time later. Fischer could not get a permanent job in London, neither as court oboist nor as royal conductor. Back on the mainland, Fischer gave concerts in Mannheim and Vienna in 1786 before returning to London in 1790. With the exception of a few concerts, he largely withdrew from the public. At a concert in the royal residence, he suffered a stroke and died a little later. In his last will, he expressed the wish that all handwritten compositions should be presented to the king.

plant

Johann Christian Fischer left behind 10 oboe concerts, 5 concerts for other instruments, 7 divertimenti for 2 flutes op. 2, another 6 divertimenti for 2 flutes and numerous solo works. Fischer also wrote several textbooks for oboe, The Compleat Tutor for the Hautboy (1770), in a second expanded edition as New and Instructions Tutor for the Hautboy (1780) and The Hotboy Preceptor (1800).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Biography in Eitner's Lexicon, p. 466 ( Memento of the original from December 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 6.78 MB)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.musik.uzh.ch
  2. ^ Fétis: Biographie universelle des musiciens et bibliographie générale de la musique (1837) p.180
  3. ↑ MGG , 2nd edition, Vol. 6, Col. 1256–1257
personal data
SURNAME Fischer, Johann Christian
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fischer, Johann Carl Christian (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German composer and oboist
DATE OF BIRTH around 1733
PLACE OF BIRTH Freiburg im Breisgau or Conradsdorf near Freiberg in Saxony
DATE OF DEATH April 29, 1800
Place of death London