Johann Ernst Hartmann
Johann Ernst Hartmann (born December 24, 1726 in Groß-Glogau in the Principality of Glogau ; † October 21, 1793 in Copenhagen ) was a German - Danish musician and composer who worked in Copenhagen from 1762. He is considered the progenitor of a large number of cultural personalities such as Johann Peter Emilius Hartmann and Lars von Trier .
Life
In 1754 he was a violinist for the Breslau prince-bishop , Philipp Gotthard von Schaffgotsch ; later he became concertmaster of the small residence Rudolstadt and then in Plön of Duke Friedrich Carl . When the duke died in 1761 without an heir, his duchy fell to the Danish King Frederik V , and part of the Plön orchestra musicians traveled to Copenhagen, including Hartmann.
In Copenhagen he was received with open arms. He was immediately employed as a violinist in the royal chapel, was a music teacher for the later King Christian VII and was promoted to orchestra conductor in 1768. He became a leading force in chamber music concerts at court around 1770. He also took part in concerts in private events such as the "Gjethuskoncerter" (from 1774) or the concerts in "Det harmoniske Selskab" (about: the harmonic society ) participated or directed them.
The predominant operatic style at the Court Theater and the Royal Theater was inspired by Italy, but just in those years ripe for a simpler French-inspired style, and Hartmann was repeatedly asked to provide music for comedies in Danish. In 1778 the Italian opera company was sacked and the new style took off. In 1779 Hartmann composed his first two attempts in the new genre. Johannes Ewald wrote the lyrics and Hartmann music for the pieces Balders død (Balders Tod) and Fiskerne (Fischer); both were successes. The royal hymn was heard for the first time ("King Christian stood at the high mast"), some other works followed; the popular musical comedies laid the foundation for a tradition that dominated the scene in Copenhagen for the next few years.
Some of Hartmann's works burned down in the great fire at Christiansborg Palace in February 1794.
music
- Sørgekantate ved hertug Friedrich Karl af Plön's død (1761)
- Symphony Periodique i D major (trykt 1770)
- Symphony No. 2 in G major
- Symphony No. 3 in D major
- Balders død (syngespil 1779)
- Cantata i anledning af Københavns Universitets 300 års jubilæum (1779)
- Fiskerne (syngespil 1780)
- Violin Concerto (together with Claus Schall 1780)
- Hyrdinden på Alperne (syngespil 1783)
- Sørgemusk ved Ludwig Harboes død (1883)
- The blind i Palmyre (syngespil 1784)
- Høytidssange (soli, kor og orkester 1787)
- Gorm d. Gamle (skuespil 1785)
- Cantata til Prinsesse Louise Augustas Formæling with Prinsen af Augustenborg (together with JG Naumann 1786)
- Jesu Dødsangst i Urtegaarden (passion music 1793)
- Forløserens død (cantata 1783)
- at least 12 symphonies (four of which are preserved)
- Liden Gunver vandre som helst i Kvæld
- Sonater for 2 violiners and bas
literature
- Johann Ernst Hartmann . In: Carl Frederik Bricka (Ed.): Dansk biografisk Lexikon. Tillige omfattende Norge for Tidsrummet 1537-1814. 1st edition. tape 7 : I. Hansen – Holmsted . Gyldendalske Boghandels Forlag, Copenhagen 1893, p. 110 (Danish, runeberg.org ).
Web links
- Opera site
- Sheet music and audio files by Johann Ernst Hartmann in the International Music Score Library Project
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hartmann, Johann Ernst |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Hartmann, Johann (short form) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German-Danish musician and composer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 24, 1726 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Groß-Glogau , Principality of Glogau |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 21, 1793 |
| Place of death | Copenhagen , Denmark |