Frederick V (Denmark and Norway)
Frederick V (born March 31, 1723 in Copenhagen ; † January 14, 1766 in Christiansborg , ibid), who was sometimes also called the Good , was King of Denmark and Norway , Duke of Schleswig and Holstein and Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst of 1746 until his death.
Live and act
Friedrich V was the only son of King Christian VI. of Denmark and his wife Sophie Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach . He was a little strong-willed regent and completely dependent on advisers, namely Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff and Count Adam Gottlob von Moltke . His reign was characterized by peace and prosperity in Denmark. He had the Copenhagen district of Frederiksstaden built with Amalienborg Palace . He had the Wasmer-Palais purchased there for stays in Glückstadt , which was then part of the kingdom . After the death of the pietistic Christian VI. court life under Friedrich regained its splendor; the king promoted the arts and sciences. In 1743–51 he called several German scholars and well-known writers of the age of sensitivity and the early Enlightenment period to his court, such as Johann Elias Schlegel , Johann Andreas Cramer , Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock , Johann Bernhard Basedow and Heinrich Wilhelm von Gerstenberg .
Initially unhappy about the early death of his first wife Louise of Great Britain , he soon married Juliane von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , a sister-in-law of Frederick II . The marriage with his second wife, who historically is considered to be cool and ambitious, but above all sought to uphold the rights of her son Friedrich to succeed to the throne, was unhappy. The king became melancholy, neglected himself and the affairs of state and fell into drunkenness, which could also have been the reason for his early death. His tomb is in Roskilde Cathedral .
family
On December 11, 1743, he married Louise of Great Britain (1724–1751), daughter of King George II of Great Britain, in Altona . They had five children:
- Christian (7 July 1745 - 3 June 1747), Crown Prince of Denmark
-
Sophie Magdalene (born July 3, 1746 - † August 21, 1813)
⚭ 1766 King Gustav III. of Sweden -
Wilhelmine Caroline (* July 10, 1747; † January 14, 1820)
⚭ 1764 Wilhelm I , Elector of Hesse -
Christian (January 29, 1749 - March 13, 1808),
from 1766 King Christian VII of Denmark - Louise (* January 30, 1750; † January 12, 1831),
⚭ 1766 Landgrave Karl von Hessen-Kassel , governor in Schleswig and Holstein
In his second marriage, he married Juliane von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel on July 8, 1752 at Frederiksborg Castle ; the marriage resulted in a son:
- Friedrich (October 11, 1753 - December 7, 1805), Prince of Denmark, regent (1772–1784)
Others
He was also the father of five illegitimate children with Else (de) Hansen (1720–1784):
- Friederika Margareta de Hansen (* 1747; † March 26, 1802),
⚭ 1763 Friedrich Wilhelm von Destinon - Friederika Katharina de Hansen (* June 17, 1748; † May 2, 1822),
Johann 1764 Johann Friedrich von Lützau - Anna Maria de Hansen (* July 20, 1749; † February 1812),
⚭ (I.) 1767–1771 Peter Fehmann; ⚭ (II.) Peter van Meulangracht - Sophia Charlotte de Hansen (June 18, 1750 - December 24, 1779),
⚭ 1767 Henri Alexis d'Origny - Ulrik Frederik de Hansen (September 1751 - February 1752)
ancestors
| King Christian V (1646–1699) | |||||||||||||
| King Friedrich IV. (1671-1730) | |||||||||||||
| Charlotte Amalie of Hessen-Kassel (1650–1714) | |||||||||||||
| King Christian VI (1699–1746) | |||||||||||||
| Gustav Adolf of Mecklenburg (1633–1695) | |||||||||||||
| Louise of Mecklenburg (1667–1721) | |||||||||||||
| Magdalena Sibylla of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf (1631–1719) | |||||||||||||
| Frederick V King of Denmark and Norway | |||||||||||||
| Georg Albrecht of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (1619–1666) | |||||||||||||
| Christian Heinrich of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (1661–1708) | |||||||||||||
| Maria Elisabeth of Holstein-Glücksburg (1628–1664) | |||||||||||||
| Sophie Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (1700–1770) | |||||||||||||
| Albrecht Friedrich von Wolfstein zu Sulzbürg (1644–1693) | |||||||||||||
| Sophie Christiane von Wolfstein (1667–1737) | |||||||||||||
| Sophia Luise zu Castell and Remlingen (1645–1717) | |||||||||||||
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Thea Leitner: Scandal at Hof , Ueberreuter, 1993, ISBN 3-8000-3492-1 .
literature
- Otto Andrup, Hans Bølling: Danmarks Konger fra Christian I til Christian X. Udsendt af Nationaltidende, Copenhagen 1944–1945, p. 24.
- Jan E. Janssen, Erik Thorud: German traces in Copenhagen. Tyskforlaget, Greve 2000, ISBN 87-90755-08-1 , p. 15.
- Olaf Klose : Friedrich V .. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 582 f. ( Digitized version ).
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Christian VI. |
King of Denmark King of Norway 1746–1766 |
Christian VII |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Friedrich V. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Frederick the Good |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | King of Denmark and Norway |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 31, 1723 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Copenhagen |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 14, 1766 |
| Place of death | Copenhagen |