Sophie Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
Sophie Magdalene von Brandenburg-Kulmbach (born November 28, 1700 in Schönberg near Lauf , † May 27, 1770 at Christiansborg Palace in Copenhagen ) was a Hohenzollern princess and Queen of Denmark from 1730 to 1746 .
Life
Sophie Magdalene came from a branch of the Kulmbach-Bayreuth branch of the younger Franconian line of the Hohenzollern . She was the daughter of Christian Heinrich von Brandenburg-Kulmbach (1661–1708) and his wife Countess Sophie Christiane von Wolfstein (1667–1737). The princess was related to Zinzendorf through her mother and was raised in a strictly pietistic manner.
In 1718 Sophie Magdalene was sent to the court of the Saxon Electress and Polish titular queen Christiane Eberhardine in Torgau and Pretzsch by her financially ill-off, widowed mother . On the occasion of a transit, the Crown Prince Christian of Denmark and Norway came to Pretzsch in July 1721 to pay his respects to Christiane Eberhardine. Christian got to know the princess and immediately fell in love with her. After his father had given King Friedrich IV the permission for the wedding, as well as Sophie Magdalene's widowed mother and the wedding modalities had been negotiated, this took place on August 7, 1721 in Pretzsch Castle. Christiane Eberhardine generously not only hosted the nine-day celebration, but also donated the trousseau for the bride.
After Christian succeeded his father Friedrich IV as King of Denmark in 1730 , Sophie Magdalene was also crowned Queen of Denmark on June 6, 1731 in the church of Frederiksborg Palace . On the occasion of their happy marriage, the Queen founded the Ordre de l'union parfaite in 1732 , which was no longer awarded after her death.
The Queen was very unpopular in Denmark, was described as proud, haughty and lavish, and almost completely ruled her husband. German was promoted in court language and German culture. She never learned Danish and once noticed that Danish jargon caused her heartburn. Her son, who was enthusiastic about the Danish language and culture, she contemptuously called the Danish prince . Sophie Magdalene withdrew with her husband into deep religiosity; both joined pietism and closed themselves off from the court and the public.
A new crown was made for Sophie Magdalene because she did not want to wear that of the hated Queen Anna Sophie . The extraordinary love of splendor of his wife encouraged Christian VI. for the construction of the castles Christiansborg , Friedrichsruh , Hirschholm and Sophienberg. The latter castle near Rungsted is named after Sophie Magdalene. Sophie Magdalene had considerable influence on public affairs, which continued even during her son's reign. She was responsible for the dismissal of Court Marshal Adam Gottlob von Moltke .
After the death of her daughter Louise, she arranged for her son-in-law, whom she also strongly influenced, to marry her niece Christiane Sophie Charlotte . In general, she had a very close relationship with her family, she later brought her mother and sister Sophie Karoline from East Friesland to Denmark. The queen's generosity towards her family put an additional burden on the Danish treasury. The Queen spent most of her widowhood at Hirschholm Palace. She was buried in Roskilde Cathedral. The Sophien-Magdalenen-Koog is named after her.
progeny
From their marriage, Sophie Magdalene had three children:
- Frederick V (1723–1766), King of Denmark
- ⚭ 1. 1743 Princess Louise of Great Britain, Ireland and Hanover (1724–1751)
- ⚭ 2. 1752 Princess Juliane of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1729–1796)
- Louise (* / † 1724)
- Louise (1726–1756)
- ⚭ 1749 Duke Ernst Friedrich III. Carl von Sachsen-Hildburghausen (1727–1780)
See also
literature
- Eduard Maria Oettinger: History of the Danish Court , Volume 3–4, Hoffmann and Campe, 1857, p. 202 ff.
- M. Spindler, A. Kraus: History of Franconia up to the end of the 18th century , Munich 1997. ISBN 3-406-39451-5
- Historical commission at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences: New German Biography , Berlin 1971
- Heinrich Ferdinand Schoeppl: The dukes of Saxony-Altenburg. Bozen 1917, reprint Altenburg 1992
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans-Joachim Böttcher: Christiane Eberhardine Princess of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, Electress of Saxony and Queen of Poland, wife of Augustus the Strong . Dresdner Buchverlag, Dresden 2011, ISBN 978-3-941757-25-7 , pp. 292-293 .
- ^ Eduard Maria Oettinger: History of the Danish Court , Volume 3–4, Hoffmann and Campe, 1857, p. 202
- ↑ Heinrich Ferdinand Schöppl: The Duke of Saxe-Altenburg. Bozen 1917, reprint Altenburg 1992 p. 70
- ↑ Britta Scholz: Das Christianeum in Altona 1730-1773 , Books on Demand, 2008, p. 9
- ^ Georg Friedrich von Jenssen-Tusch: The conspiracy against Queen Caroline Mathilde of Denmark , H. Costenoble, 1864, p. 10
| predecessor | Office | Successor |
|---|---|---|
| Anna Sophie von Reventlow | Queen of Denmark and Norway 1730–1746 |
Louise of Great Britain |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Sophie Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Queen of Denmark |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 28, 1700 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Schönberg at Lauf |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 27, 1770 |
| Place of death | Christiansborg Palace , Copenhagen |