Gustav Adolf (Mecklenburg)

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Gustav Adolf, Duke of Mecklenburg [-Güstrow]
Seal of the Duke from 1672
Edict of the Duke against Christmas customs from 1682

Gustav Adolf, Duke of Mecklenburg [-Güstrow] (born February 26, 1633 in Güstrow ; † October 6, 1695 ibid), was the reigning Duke of Mecklenburg in the Mecklenburg-Güstrow region and son of Johann Albrecht II and his third wife Eleonore Marie from Anhalt-Bernburg .

Life

When his father died in 1636, his uncle Adolf Friedrich I claimed guardianship and the duchy. Thereupon a bitter argument broke out between his mother and her brother-in-law about the guardianship.

Gustav Adolf was also administrator of the Ratzeburg diocese from 1636 to 1648 .

On May 2, 1654, Gustav Adolf was declared of age by the emperor and took over the reign of the (partial) duchy of Güstrow until his death in 1695 . With him, the Güstrow line of the Mecklenburg dynasty became extinct.

After the end of the Thirty Years' War, Gustav Adolf carried out a census in 1661. In 1662 he issued an ordinance to exterminate wolves in order to reduce the population, which had risen sharply during the Thirty Years War . In 1671 he issued an ordinance on comprehensive school reform. In the fifteen districts, preposites are placed alongside the superintendents who are responsible for improving the school system. They are tasked with setting up schools, merging villages for one school, employing suitable teachers and determining how much school fees everyone can pay or how much subsidies are needed. The schoolmasters receive methodical instructions and have to keep school tables about the number of students, school attendance and performance. In 1684 he made compulsory schooling from the age of six.

In 1676 Gustav Adolf issued fire regulations. Every resident is instructed to be careful with lights and open flames. Brewing in the houses is banned.

In 1682 Gustav Adolf ordered all magic books to be delivered to have them burned. Instead of quackery, free medicines for humans and cattle are offered. Through the establishment of a special witch court, witch trials are to be steered into orderly channels in order to exclude the confessions and denunciations extorted from the local courts under torture. In the same year, Mecklenburg banned the then popular company of the Christ Child . This was partly accompanied by Knecht Ruprecht , belted with a chain, a sack on his back and a rod in his hand.

He was accepted as a member of the Fruit-Bringing Society under the company name The Complacency .

plant

Gustav Adolf himself wrote sacred songs that were included in the Protestant church hymn books. The history of hymns and hymns published in Stuttgart by Eduard Emil Koch from 1866 to 1868 lists eight songs by him.

progeny

On December 28, 1654 he married Magdalena Sibylla (* 1631, † 1719), daughter of Friedrich III. from Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf . Together they had eleven children, but no male heir. This leads to a follow-up dispute that was settled with the Hamburg settlement of 1701 and that Mecklenburg reorganized internally.

Works

  • Spiritual rhyming poems, their hundred heroics and a hundred chants. In addition to an appendix of all kinds of German and Latin spiritual considerations. , Güstrow 1699

literature

  • Johann Stieber: Merck-worthy and edifying biography of ... Princess Magdalena Sibylla, widowed ruling Princess of Mecklenburg , Rostock 1745

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ From Christkind, Nikolaus and Santa Claus ( Memento of the original from March 1, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.steh-auf.de
  2. ↑ “Very rare collection of sacred poems in Alexandrians, odes, chants and sonnets, with an introduction by Johann Fecht (1636–1716), court preacher, professor of the Hebrew language and most recently superintendent in Rostock. The author of the same, Gustav Adolf von Mecklenburg-Güstrow (1633–1695), was a half-brother of the wife of Duke Augustus, Sophie Elisabeth, and since 1648 under the company name Der Gefällige "Member of the Fruit Bringing Society" and from 1654 until his death regent from Güstrow. He frequented his relatives in Wolfenbüttel, was always a welcome guest there and enjoyed taking part in the literary exercises of his sister Sophie Elisabeth. The occasional religious poetry at the Wolfenbütteler Hof was strongly based on the edifying literature of the Nuremberg district around Georg Philipp Harsdörffer (1607–1658) and Johann Michael Dilherr (1604–1669). Sophie Elisabeth's contact with the writers and members of the Fruitful Society ", in particular with the court teacher Justus Georg Schottelius (1612–1676) and her own court master Karl Gustav von Hille (approx. 1590–1647), should support the Duchess' literary activities as well as the of their half-brother Gustav Adolf. As the author of sacred songs he, the last Duke of the Mecklenburg-Güstrow line, deserves literary-historical appreciation. " Archive link ( Memento of the original from March 29, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and still not checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.rarebooks.li
predecessor Office successor
August I. (Braunschweig-Lüneburg) Administrator of the Ratzeburg
Monastery from 1636–1648 		––
Johann Albrecht II. Duke of Mecklenburg (-Güstrow)
1654–1695 		––
personal data
SURNAME Gustav Adolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duke of Mecklenburg
DATE OF BIRTH February 26, 1633
PLACE OF BIRTH Guestrow
DATE OF DEATH October 6, 1695
Place of death Guestrow