Johann Friedrich Dücker

Johann Friedrich Dücker (born September 29, 1826 in Averlak , † April 22, 1917 in Altona ) was a German teacher and writer.

Live and act

Johann Friedrich Dücker was a son of the Averlak farmer and businessman Johann Dücker († 1859) and his wife Abel Margret, née Sierau († 1865) from Marne . He had five siblings with whom he grew up in Averlak. He attended a village school and was repeatedly absent from class due to a chronic hip disease. At home he did the bookkeeping and correspondence for his father, who could not write.

After his confirmation, Dücker received six months of private lessons from a budding theologian. At the age of 16 he took a three-year job as a school assistant at the one-class village school in Büttel . From autumn he studied at the Segeberg teachers' seminar . When the Schleswig-Holstein uprising broke out , he and other seminarians from Segeberg offered to work as a vigilante. After the armistice in Malmö , he went back to Segeberg and passed the exam there in September.

At the beginning of 1849 Dücker joined the Schleswig-Holstein Army . He fought, among other things, in the skirmish at Kolding and Fredericia . In July 1849, Danish soldiers captured him near Fredericia. He was released a month later and went to Segeberg again. Shortly before, the position of middle-class teacher at the seminar practice school had become vacant. The city magistrate and the management of the seminar campaigned for Dücker's release from military service. In November 1849 he got the job. Afterwards, he often applied unsuccessfully for a better-paying job. In 1854 he went to Kesdorf as a teacher and also taught at the private higher farming school in Woltersmühlen . On May 20, 1854, he married Friedericke Rath (buried on May 20, 1896 in Altona) from Plön . The couple had two daughters and three sons.

In 1859 Dücker switched to teaching at the upper girls' school in Neustadt in Holstein . From around 1859 he published for school use and pedagogical issues and organized the teaching staff. In 1859 he published the "Tasks for oral and written language exercises in Low German schools". This work was used in numerous schools for several decades and appeared in more than ten editions. The “First Language Book” from 1866 was published more than twenty times. His "Pictures from Schleswig-Holstein History" appeared for the first time in 1860. It was a historical reading book that was reprinted until 1906.

In June 1868 Dücker switched to the middle school for boys in Altona as a second teacher. In February 1876 he was appointed first teacher. In the same year he passed the rector's exam and moved to the Altona Middle School for Girls as rector, where he stayed until 1906.

From 1861 Dücker participated as a board member in the work of the General Holstein Teachers' Association. In June 1863 he took over the leadership of the Holstein teachers 'assembly in Preetz , and in the following year the general Schleswig-Holstein teachers' assembly in Heide . Here he advocated reforming the elementary school based on Pestalozzi's approaches, raising the level of teacher training and paying elementary school teachers appropriately.

In addition to his work as the rector, Dücker did volunteer work well into old age. From 1869 to 1894 he worked as curator of the Schleswig-Holstein teacher widow and orphan fund, from 1870 to 1876 as director of the pedagogical association in Altona and from 1874 to the end of his life as chairman of the supervisory board of the Altona credit association. From 1883 he took over the accounting of the Saßstiftung.

Political attitude

Dücker was a German-minded Schleswig-Holsteiner with republican tendencies. For this reason he fought in the Schleswig-Holstein survey and was also shown in 1864. On January 30th of this year he reluctantly traveled to Kiel with a delegation of the teaching staff to pay homage to Frederick VIII of Schleswig-Holstein . He later accepted the outcome of the Schleswig-Holstein question and adored Bismarck , but joined the opposition German Progressive Party . He was disappointed with the "General Provisions for Teacher Training and Teaching at Elementary and Middle Schools in Prussia" of October 15, 1872. Particularly with regard to teacher training, it did not contain the desired improvements and was often criticized by teachers.

In 1913 Dücker donated the large sum of 2000 Reichsmarks to a Bismarck Foundation. Between 1879 and 1913 he wrote several political poems and festivals for school use. He repeatedly praised Bismarck's founding of an empire, in which, from his point of view, Schleswig-Holstein's ideas for unity without foreign rule had been implemented. He criticized anti-Prussian resentment. He saw the German Reich as a bigger home for Schleswig-Holsteiners and advocated an increased sense of home. This should mediate between the conflicting interests of individuals and social groups. In his writings he always emphasized the educational or popular educational goal.

literature

• Dietrich Korth, Hartwig Moltzow: Dücker, Johann Friedrich . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 9 - 1991. ISBN 3-529-02649-2 , pages 98-100.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Dietrich Korth, Hartwig Moltzow: Dücker, Johann Friedrich . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 9 - 1991. ISBN 3-529-02649-2 , page 98.
2. ^ Dietrich Korth, Hartwig Moltzow: Dücker, Johann Friedrich . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 9 - 1991. ISBN 3-529-02649-2 , page 98.
3. ^ Dietrich Korth, Hartwig Moltzow: Dücker, Johann Friedrich . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 9 - 1991. ISBN 3-529-02649-2 , page 98.
4. ^ Dietrich Korth, Hartwig Moltzow: Dücker, Johann Friedrich . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 9 - 1991. ISBN 3-529-02649-2 , pages 98-99.
5. ^ Dietrich Korth, Hartwig Moltzow: Dücker, Johann Friedrich . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 9 - 1991. ISBN 3-529-02649-2 , page 99.
6. ^ Dietrich Korth, Hartwig Moltzow: Dücker, Johann Friedrich . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 9 - 1991. ISBN 3-529-02649-2 , page 99.
7. ^ Dietrich Korth, Hartwig Moltzow: Dücker, Johann Friedrich . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 9 - 1991. ISBN 3-529-02649-2 , page 99.
8. ^ Dietrich Korth, Hartwig Moltzow: Dücker, Johann Friedrich . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 9 - 1991. ISBN 3-529-02649-2 , page 99.
9. ^ Dietrich Korth, Hartwig Moltzow: Dücker, Johann Friedrich . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 9 - 1991. ISBN 3-529-02649-2 , page 99.