Johann IV. Boy

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Johann IV. Junge (* in Wismar ; † 1389 in Bützow ) was dean in the Schwerin cathedral chapter from 1365-1388 / 89 and (counter) bishop in the diocese of Schwerin from 1381-1389 .

Life

The Schwerin cathedral chapter elected its dean as the new bishop , notwithstanding the transfer of the previous bishop of Münster Potho von Pothenstein to Schwerin . It was another attempt to put a bourgeois bishop at the head of the diocese. Johannes was first mentioned as Electus on December 20, 1381.

Johannes Junge came from a bourgeois family in Wismar. It came through a commission from Pope Innocent VI. on July 17, 1358 to the dignity of canon in the Schwerin cathedral chapter and to the office of archdeacon of goods , after the predecessor Moritz von Dorpen had died at the papal court. At the same time a major was reserved for him in the cathedral chapter. The papal document begins with the words: Laudabilia probitatis et virtutum tuarum ... , although must remain open whether this is obvious formulas from the stylus courtier is that time or whether really behind this renewal commendable righteousness and merit due to his energy and ability were .

On October 23, 1361, Johannes Junge came into the possession of a prebender of the Schwerin church who had been settled by the death of the previous owner, also through papal commission .

One brother, Friedrich Junge, became canon in Schwerin and also in St. Johann zu Osnabrück , but then died at the hands of a murderer . Gottfried Warendorf, provost of Eutin, as subdelegated convator of the chapter on Schwerin and Osnabrück, ordered to proceed with ban and interdict .

After Bishop Brunward, Johann Junge was the second dean in Schwerin who was able to rise to the office of bishop with the dignity of cathedral dean. In any case, he was dean of the cathedral when his confreres made him elect. The Schwerin cathedral chapter held on to its bishop candidate for a long time , whose election day cannot be documented. There is no evidence of whether an encounter with Bishop Potho von Pothenstein , who was provided by the Pope with Schwerin, ever took place. What is certain, however, is that the Elect boy ruled or tried to rule a large part of the Schwerin diocese for a long time against the will of the rightful incumbent. Gradually, more and more clerical office holders moved away from opposing Bishop Johannes and contacted Bishop Potho.

The Elect Johannes had not received recognition from the papal curia and could no longer expect it.

Potho, on the other hand, could not run the de facto government. Between the Pope Urban VI. Provided Bishop Potho and the Electe Johann Junge are said to have played out a result reported by Mecklenburg writers of old times: On the occasion of the papal deed by Bishop Potho in Bützow, Johann Junge locked the latter out of the Residenzschloss with a ruse and called out to him: Je welck hefft Bützow and Warin , de blifft wol Bicop tho Swerin . (Whoever has Bützow and Warin will probably remain Bishop of Schwerin). Bishop Potho withdrew to Stralsund in order to gradually assert his right as a diocesan bishop from abroad , also in the Mecklenburg diocesan area, by means of spiritual jurisdiction, such as the church ban.

The Electus Johann IV died a violent death in 1389 at the hand of his own servant Dietrich Ziegelke. As a result, Bishop Potho now received full recognition in the entire diocese.

seal

The Electus Johannes Junge had a pointed oval seal in 1384 . In a Gothic niche was St. Catherine with sword and wheel, at her feet a prayer turned to the right between two standing shields with a right ladder-like sloping beam.

The inscription reads: S JOHANNIS JUNGHE N / D / ECANI ZWERINEN.

Sources and literature

Printed sources

literature

  • Alfred Rische: Directory of the bishops and canons of Schwerin with biographical remarks. Ludwigslust 1900.
  • Josef Traeger : The bishops of the medieval diocese of Schwerin. St. Benno Verlag Leipzig 1984, pp. 120-122.
  • Margit Kaluza-Baumruker: The Schwerin Cathedral Chapter (1171–1400). Cologne, Vienna 1987.
  • Clemens Brodkorb: Johannes Junge . In: 1198-1448 (2001) pp. 710-711.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Margit Kaluza-Baumruker: List of deans. In: The Schwerin Cathedral Chapter (1171–1400). 1987 p. 59.
  2. ^ Pius Bonifatius Gams : Series episcoporum ecclesiae catholicae. Regensburg 1873, p. 310.
  3. ↑ MUB XX. (1900) No. 11386.
  4. ^ Dietrich Schröder: Papistisches Mecklenburg I./II. Wismar 1741, 1562 f.
  5. ↑ MUB Regesten No. 14437, No. 14465.
  6. ↑ MUB XX (1900) No. 11708.
  7. ↑ Margit Kaluza-Baumruker: Schwerin Cathedral Chapter (1171-1400). 1900 p. 59.
  8. ^ Konrad Eubel: Hierarchia catholica medii aevi. I. 1913, p. 539.
  9. ^ Bernhard Hederich: Directory of the bishops of Schwerin. 1739, p. 444.
  10. ^ Julius Wiggers : Church history Mecklenburgs. Hinstorff, 1840, p. 48 f.
  11. ^ Bernhard Hederich: Directory of the bishops of Schwerin . In: Gerdes useful collections . 1737, p. 445.
  12. ↑ August B. Michaelis, Julius Wilhelm Hamberger: Introduction to a complete history of the Chur and Princely Houses in Germany , Volume 2, Meyer, 1760, p. 408
  13. ↑ MUB XXI. (1903) No. 12059.
  14. ↑ MUB XX. (1900) No. 11622.
personal data
SURNAME Johann IV. Boy
ALTERNATIVE NAMES John IV .; Johann Young
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Schwerin
DATE OF BIRTH 14th Century
PLACE OF BIRTH Wismar
DATE OF DEATH 1389
Place of death Bützow