Johann Wilhelm Krause (botanist)

Johann Wilhelm Krause (born October 4, 1764 in Kleinschwabhausen , † June 5, 1842 in Taupadel near Bürgel) was a German pastor , botanist and agricultural author. Its botanical author abbreviation is " Krause ".

Live and act

Johann Wilhelm Krause was born the son of a cantor in Kleinschwabhausen near Jena. He attended the Wilhelm-Ernst-Gymnasium Weimar , studied theology at the University of Jena and passed the parish exam. Then he became a teacher, then rector at the city school in Apolda and in 1807 rector of the city school in Jena . After his ordination he took over the Evangelical Lutheran parish Taupadel near Bürgel with the branch churches in Jenalöbnitz and Rodigast in 1820 .

In addition to working as a pastor, Krause dealt with agricultural issues. In addition, in 1831 he published a book on the crops that occur in Germany and are important for agriculture. From 1826 to 1834 he grew the previously known varieties of the four main cereals in his garden. From 1834 he published the findings (culture and benefits) in eight episodes, with the academic drawing teacher at Univ. Jena Dr. Ernst Schenk made the copper plates. In 1840 a comprehensive book on grain followed.

His official brother Dr. Carl Wilhelm Ernst Putsche (1765 - 1834), pastor in Wenigenjena and private lecturer for economics (in the sense of agriculture) at the University of Jena, already had ten volumes of a magazine "for practical cameralists and friends of the rural trade" as well as many other specialist books from 1817 onwards released. From 1827 he published twelve volumes of the "General Encyclopedia of the Entire Land and Housekeeping of the Germans". Krause contributed to the 13th volume (“Complete General Register”, 1831). After Putsche's death, the latter took over the sequel with three “supplement volumes” and a “complete general register”, which appeared between 1835 and 1836 and were distributed throughout Germany.

Main work (selection)

• Latest apiculture catechism (Leipzig 1829);
• Theoretical-practical economic botany or description of the plants occurring in Germany that are more or less closely related to agriculture (Leipzig 1831), 310 p .;
• Illustrations and descriptions of all known types of grain (with Ernst Schenk)
  • First booklet: Family Triticum vulgare (wheat). Leipzig 1835;
  • Second booklet: Family Triticum turgidum. Leipzig 1834;
  • Third booklet: Triticum durum family. Leipzig 1835;
  • Fourth booklet: families Triticum polonicum and spelta. Leipzig 1836;
  • Fifth issue: Triticum amyleum and monococcum. Leipzig 1837;
  • Sixth issue: Secale cereale (rye), Hordeum (barley). Leipzig 1837;
  • Seventh issue: Avena sativa (oats) Leipzig 1837;
  • Eighth volume: Avena orientalis and fatua. Leipzig 1837.
• The Grain Book or Latest Walks in the Scientific Field of Grain. Leipzig 1840, 294 pages;
• Goat breeding. In: General Encyclopedia of the Entire Land and Housekeeping of Germans, Volume 13, Leipzig 1831, pp. 56-100;
• Complete general register. With Carl Wilhelm Ernst Putsche, Volume 13 of the General Encyclopedia, Leipzig 1831, 550 p .;
• First supplement volume. Volume 14 of the General Encyclopedia, Leipzig 1835;
• Zweyter supplement band. Volume 15 of ..... Leipzig, 1835;
• Third supplement band. Volume 16 of .... Leipzig 1836;
• Complete general register of the three supplement volumes of the General Encyclopedia - with real dictionary. Leipzig 1836, 197 pages;

Appreciation

In addition to his work as a pastor, Johann Wilhelm Krause was an active promoter of the dissemination of known and new knowledge for the rural population. This initially concerned the detailed description of the then known types of grain and later the publication of the "General Encyclopedia". These volumes, developed by several scholars and practical farmers, were sold throughout the Reich by the Baumgärtner publishing house from Leipzig and were thus able to have an important influence on further training in agriculture and housekeeping. Krause was an honorary member of the Royal Mark Economic Society in Potsdam and the Economic Society in Belvedere (near Weimar) and not related to the professor of agronomy of the same name in Dorpat / Tartu ( Johann Wilhelm von Krause, 1757 - 1826 ).

literature

• Friedrich Meinhof: Pastor's Book, Volume 8: Grand Duchy of Saxony (-Weimar-Eisenach), (Heilbad Heiligenstadt 2012-2017), p. 612;
• New Nekrolog der Deutschen, Vol. 20, 1842 (Weimar 1844), No. 1011;
• General literature newspaper v. Years 1842, Volume 3 (Halle and Leipzig 1842), No. 35, Julius 1842, column 281/282;
• New Jenaische General Lit.-Zeitg., 1st year, No. 156 v. July 1, 1842, p. 646;
• Paul Ascherson et al. Paul Gräbner: Synopsis of the Central German Flora (Leipzig 1902), p. 235 (quoted by Krause, Getreide, Heft 7, 1835);
• GA Pritzel: In: Thesaurus literaturae botanicae omnium gentium. No. 4863 (Leipzig, 1877);
• Mauritiana, Vol. 13, p. 81;
• Christian Ludwig Brehm: The complete bird catching (Weimar 1855), foreword;
• Max Güntz : Handbook of agricultural literature (Leipzig 1902). Volume 3, p. 154;
• Herzogl. S. Weimar and Eisenach. Court and address calendar 1810 (Jena 1810), p. 73, as well as 1813 (Jena 1813), 1816 and 1819 (both Weimar);
• State manual of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach for the year 1823 (Weimar 1823), pp. 256/257; --... for the year 1840 (Weimar 1840), p. 233;
• Hartmut Boettcher : Johann Wilhelm Krause. In: Lebenswege in Thüringen, Sixth Collection, manuscript submitted.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Krause, Johann Wilhelm (1764-1842) in the International Plant Names Index , accessed on October 6, 2018
2. ^ Pastors' book Grand Duchy of Saxony, Weimar, Eisenach pdf accessed on October 6, 2018
3. ^ Max Güntz: Handbook of agricultural literature