Johannes Lulofs

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Johannes Lulofs

Johannes Lulofs (also: Jan Lulofs or Johan Lulofs ; * August 5, 1711 in Zutphen , † November 4, 1768 in Leiden ) was a Dutch astronomer, mathematician and physicist.

Life

Johannes Lulofs was the son of Jan Lulofs and his wife Maria Elisabet Odé. He was baptized on August 7, 1711. He had attended high school in his hometown and in 1729 started studying philosophical sciences at the University of Utrecht . In Utrecht on November 9th of that year he had defended a treatise de causis, propter quas zona torrida est habitabilis . He acquired with the thematic treatise on the northern lights de aurora horeali (Utrecht 1731) under Jacobus Odé on June 15, 1731 the academic degree of a master's degree in philosophy. He then completed a law degree. For further studies he moved to the University of Leiden on September 24, 1733 . Returned to Utrecht, he received his doctorate on December 16, 1734 on the subject of mathematics. et malefic. under Everard Otto doctor of law. Already in this work he showed his connection to the mathematical sciences, as he examined the relationship between Roman law and the mathematical sciences.

He then worked as a lawyer in his hometown. During that time he made a name for himself as a translator of some works. His work Richard Beutley Folly of Unreason of God Deniers (Amsterdam 1738) should be mentioned here. In 1741 he published a Dutch translation of the natural science and astronomical manual of the English Newton follower John Keill (1671-1721) Introductio ad verani physicam et veram astronomiam . It appeared under the title Inleidinge tot de waare natuur- en sterrekunde, of de natuur- en sterrekundige lessen (Leiden 1741). A second translation of the same year dealt with a treatise by Peder Horrebow on the heliocentric worldview of Nicolaus Copernicus .

This commitment apparently prompted the curators of the Leiden University to appoint him on June 12, 1742 as professor of astronomy and mathematics. He accepted this task and held his introductory speech De causis Astronomiae promotae on September 18, 1742 . The management of the Leiden observatory was also associated with this professorship . On February 8, 1744, he was appointed professor of ethics and metaphysics, which he took over on June 22, 1744 with the speech De utilissimo, sed hactenus raro matheseos ac metaphysics connublo . In his capacity as a university lecturer in Leiden he also took part in the organizational tasks of the university and was rector of the Alma Mater in 1755/56 . In 1752 he was appointed inspector general of the rivers in Holland and West Friesland. On August 8, 1736, he had become a foreign member of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin and in 1752 a member of the Society of Sciences in Haarlem. By Joseph-Nicolas Delisle , he was in 1758 as a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences named in Paris.

Lulofs did not make any significant discoveries or develop innovative ideas. His publications, which were published in several books and specialist journals of his time, dealt with the organization of aquatic life, astronomical observations, physical explanations and mathematical geography. Lulofs, who himself was very religious, tried to underpin the scientific knowledge of his time theologically. As a representative of a not sharply dividing natural theology , natural sciences and philosophy , he is thus a typical representative of the Enlightenment in the Netherlands in the 18th century. So he is in the tradition of Isaac Newton , Pieter van Musschenbroek and Willem Jacob 's Gravesande .

Works

  • Disputatio philosophica de causis, propter quas zona torrida est habitabilis. Utrecht 1729
  • Disputatio philosophica inauguralis de aurora horeali. Utrecht 1731
  • Foremost waarheden. Amsterdam 1738
  • Inleidinge tot de waare natuur- en sterrekunde, of de natuur- en sterrekundige lessen (…). Leiden 1741 (translation by John Keill, books.google.de )
  • The zegepralende Copernicus of eene negotiating over het schilzicht of the Jaarlykschen loopkrings, was in uit a given van sterrekundige waarnemingen the movement of the aardkloot rondom de zon was toogt. Zutphen 1741, Leiden / Zutphen 1750, (translation by Peder Horrebow)
  • Oratio De causis Astronomiae promotae. Leiden 1742
  • Oratio De utilissimo, sed hactenus raro matheseos ac metaphysics connublo. Leiden 1744
  • Introductio ad cognitionem atque usum utriusque globi, institutionibus domesticis adoommodata. 1743–1748, 3 volumes. 1763 In: German Abraham Gotthelf Kestner: Introduction to the mathematical and physical knowledge of the globe. Göttingen / Leipzig 1755 ( 15353435 in VD 18. )
  • Inleiding tot eene natural en wiskundige Beschouwinge des aardkloots . ( dead service of the land genoots ) Leiden 1750
  • Primae lineae theologiae naturalis theoreticae secundum normam emendatae ontologiae et pneumatologiae. Leiden 1756, 1768 ( books.google.de )
  • De jure summi imperantis circa sacra. Leiden 1756
  • Oratio De iis, quae in his regionibus astronomiae, praesertim practicae, cultui hactenus fuerunt impedimento. 1756
  • Oratio funebris in obitum Johannis van den Honert, TH filii, SS theologiae doctoris. Leiden 1758
  • Grond-beginselen of the wynroey- en gauging customer, ten services of the land genoots. Leiden 1764 ( books.google.de )

literature

  • Johann Christoph Strodtmann: The new learned Europe. Johann Christoph Meißner, Wolfenbüttel, 1755, part 7, p. 564, ( online )
  • Johann Christoph Adelung , Heinrich Wilhelm Rotermund : Continuation and additions to Christian Gottlieb Jöcher's general scholarly lexico, in which the writers of all classes are described according to their most distinguished living conditions and writings. Georg Jöntzen, Bremen, 1813, Volume 4, Sp. 149 ( books.google.de )
  • Frederik Kaiser: Annals of the observatory in Leiden. Johann Enschede, Harlem, 1868, Volume 1, pp. XI f., ( Books.google.de )
  • Abraham Jacob van der Aa : Biographical Woordenboek der Nederlanden. Verlag JJ van Brederode, Haarlem, 1865, Volume 11, p. 724, ( Online , Dutch)
  • D. van Alphen: Levens report van Johan Lulofs. In: Jaarboek van de Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde. 1769 ( online )
  • Rienk Vermijr: Johannes Lulofs as vertegenwoordiger van het newtonianisme in de Republiek. In: Gewina. Erasmus Publishing, Rotterdam, 1999, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 136-150; uu.nl (PDF) or the entire edition online

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Baptismal register of the reformed parish of Zutphen (1711–1715). (PDF) accessed on February 8, 2013
  2. ↑ University of Utrecht: Album studiosorum Academiae Rheno-Traiectinae MDCXXXVI-MDCCCLXXXVI. JL Beiers et J. van Boekhoven, Urecht, 1886, Sp. 131
  3. ↑ Album promotorum qui inde an anno MDCXXXVI usque ad annum MDCCCXV in Academia Rheno-Trajectina gradum doctoratus adepti sunt, Societas cui nomen “Provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschnappen” componendum edendumque curavit. Broekhoff Verlag, Utrecht, MCMXXXVI, p. 127
  4. ↑ Album promotorum qui inde an anno MDCXXXVI usque ad annum MDCCCXV in Academia Rheno-Trajectina gradum doctoratus adepti sunt, Societas cui nomen “Provinciaal Utrechtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschnappen” componendum edendumque curavit. Broekhoff Verlag, Utrecht, MCMXXXVI, p. 132
  5. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter L. Académie des sciences, accessed on January 16, 2020 (French).
personal data
SURNAME Lulofs, Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lulofs, Jan; Lulofs, Johan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch astronomer, mathematician and physicist
DATE OF BIRTH August 5, 1711
PLACE OF BIRTH Zutphen
DATE OF DEATH November 4, 1768
Place of death Suffer