Zutphen

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Zutphen municipality
Flag of the municipality of Zutphen
flag
Coat of arms of the municipality of Zutphen
coat of arms
province Gelderland Gelderland
mayor Annemieke Vermeulen ( VVD )
Seat of the municipality Zutphen
Area
 - land
 - water
42.93  km 2
40.96 km 2
1.97 km 2
CBS code 0301
Residents 47,599 (Jan 31, 2019)
Population density 1109 inhabitants / km 2
Coordinates 52 ° 8 ′  N , 6 ° 12 ′  E Coordinates: 52 ° 8 ′  N , 6 ° 12 ′  E
Important traffic route N314 N319 N345 N346 N348 N826
prefix 0575
Postcodes 7201-7207, 7231-7233
Website Homepage of Zutphen
LocatieZutphen.png
Template: Infobox location in the Netherlands / maintenance / map
St. Walburgis Church with city wall
St. Walburgis Church with city wallTemplate: Infobox location in the Netherlands / maintenance / picture 1

Zutphen ([ ˈzʏtfə (n) ], listen ? / I ) ( German Zütphen ) is a Dutch municipality in the province of Gelderland with 47,599 inhabitants (as of January 31, 2019). The city was a member of the Hanseatic League . Audio file / audio sample  

geography

The municipality of Zutphen includes the town of the same name and the village of Warnsveld, two kilometers to the east, which has developed into a suburb of Zutphen. Located almost 30 kilometers northeast of Arnhem , the Berkel flows into the IJssel here .

history

The city of Zutphen already existed in Roman times. It was a Frankish settlement and it became an administrative center of a Hamaland county in the Carolingian era . Shortly after 882, when the settlement at that time was robbed during the raids of the Vikings in the Rhineland , a 10-hectare ring wall was built. In the middle of the 11th century, on behalf of Emperor Heinrich III. A 54-meter-long royal palace was built at the Grafenhof, and the ruler of the city, Reich Bishop Bernold von Utrecht, who has been in office since 1046 , founded and built a new chapter church, today's St. Walburgis Church . The city was already of importance in the 11th century (including coinage); it was a commercial competitor of Deventer , which is only 15 kilometers down the Ijssel. In 1190, Count Otto von Geldern and Zutphen granted the city of Zutphen city ​​rights . Zutphen had been a member of the Hanseatic League since the 13th century . His merchants traded with England, Flanders, Denmark, the Baltic Sea cities and the Baltic States.

During the Middle Ages, Zutphen was the capital of the county of the same name. From the 9th to the 11th century it was referred to as the “County on the IJssel River” ( Iselgo , also Islo ), and in the 12th century the name County of Zutphen became established . This county became part of the Duchy of Geldern in 1339 .

At the end of the 14th / beginning of the 15th century, a Vroedschap was formed in Zutphen , a college of the richest and most respected citizens, which submitted proposals to the sovereign for the appointment of mayors and councilors (" Schepenen ") of the city - an early example if not yet for urban self-government, at least for a certain degree of co-determination for the patriciate . Apart from Zutphen, Nijmegen and Arnhem , such an early say is only found in a few Dutch cities.

Historical map of Zutphen (1649)

The Eighty Years War brought great misery to Zutphen. On June 10, 1572, the until then predominantly Catholic city was conquered by the Protestants, who immediately drove an iconoclasm . Only five months later, on November 8th, the troops of the Duke of Alba recaptured it for the Catholic Spaniards. A massacre was carried out: around 800 men were killed in Zutphen. In 1586 the Dutch besieged the city, supported by English auxiliaries. When they tried to cut off the supply of Zutphen and attacked a supply convoy, they were defeated on September 22, 1586 in the battle of Zutphen by the troops of Alexander Farnese . The English poet Philip Sidney also fell . In the following year a British officer handed over the fortress held by the Dutch on the left bank of the IJssel ("Grote Schans voor Zutphen") to the Spaniards without need ("Treason of the Zutphener Schanze"). It was not until 1591 that Moritz von Orange was able to recapture Zutphen for the Netherlands. Since then, Zutphen has been a provincial town, the gateway to the Dutch border region Achterhoek . During the Dutch War , Zutphen was conquered by French troops in 1672 and occupied until 1674.

Industrialization began in Zutphen in the second half of the 19th century, after the railway connection with Arnhem (" Staatslijn A ") had been completed in 1865 and the line to Amsterdam (" Oosterspoorweg ") had been completed in 1876 .

The IJsselbrücken were the scene of heavy fighting in the Second World War in 1940 and 1945 . More than 100 people from Zutphen were killed in an Allied air raid on October 14, 1944, which hit the entire city district. On April 2, 1945, Canadian troops , coming from Arnhem, advanced on Zutphen. They wanted to break through to the coast and thus cut off the German troops in the Netherlands from the German Empire . As a last reserve, German paratroopers were thrown into the city to prevent the breakthrough. They succeeded in doing this for a few days, but after six days of fighting the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division was able to take street by street of Zutphen on April 7th and 8th (a first district, the Deventerwegkwartier, on the evening of April 6th). The city, which had already been badly hit by the bombs, suffered further damage.

In the last years of the 20th century, extensive new districts were built south of the city center. As part of the community reform on January 1, 2005, the former Warnsveld community (9,201 inhabitants, as of December 31, 2004) became part of the Zutphen community.

Zutphen
Berkelpoort
Development of the population

(January 1st)

  • 0900 - 00.500
  • 1150 - 01,000
  • 1200 - 01,500
  • 1300 - 06,000
  • 1450 - 04,500
  • 1550 - 04,500
  • 1600 - 02,000
  • 1650 - 07,000
  • 1795 - 07,500
  • 1830 - 10,000
  • 1860-15,500
  • 1900 - 17,500
  • 1940 - 20,500
  • 1960 - 25,000
  • 1970 - 27,000
  • 1980 - 31,767
  • 1990-30,996
  • 2000 - 35,165
  • 2003 - 36,924
  • 2005 - 46,192 *
  • 2009 - 46,953
  • 2013 - 47,240
  • 2017 - 47,340

* from 2005 including Warnsveld

Attractions

Weinhaus tower
Drug ape storm

The city ​​center of the Hanseatic city of Zutphen, whose silhouette is characterized by many towers, has many historical buildings, including

  • the medieval St. Walburgis Church : The collection of the historical library ( Librije ) of this church consists of chained books from the years 1450 to 1600.
  • Berkeltor: (around 1320) A ruin of the 'Berkeltor' spans the river of the same name in a city park.
  • Drug apstorm: (1444)
  • Bourgonjeturm: (1457)
  • Weinhausurm: (1618–1642)
  • Dominican Church: (1300)
  • Neustadtskirche: (1250–1530)
  • around 300 residential buildings from the 15th to 18th centuries century
  • Stedelijk Museum Zutphen: The city museum 'Stedelijk Museum Zutphen' often offers changing exhibitions

politics

Distribution of seats in the municipal council

Local elections 2018
 %
20th
10
0
17.6
14.6
13.2
11.8
11.0
10.0
7.1
6.5
4.3
3.9
BBZW
SPZW
OR
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
 % p
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
+7.9
-1.8
+1.8
-6.5
-1.4
+0.5
-0.9
-3.1
+4.3
-0.9
BBZW
SPZW
OR

The municipal council has been formed as follows since 1986:

Political party Seats
1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2004 a 2010 2014 2018
GroenLinks - 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 5
SP - - 1 2 2 3 2 5 4th
PvdA 11 9 7th 7th 7th 8th 6th 3 4th
Burger issue Zutphen Warnsveld - - - - - - 2 5 4th
D66 1 2 4th 1 2 2 3 4th 3
VVD 4th 3 3 4th 4th 4th 4th 3 3
CDA 6th 6th 4th 4th 4th 4th 2 2 2
Stadspartij Zutphen Warnsveld b - 1 2 2 4th 4th 6th 3 2
Consciousness - - - - - - - - 1
ChristenUnie - - - - - 1 1 1 1
PPR 1 - - - - - - - -
PSP - - - - - - - -
total 23 23 23 23 25th 29 29 29 29
a Due to the incorporation of Warnsveld into Zutphen on January 1, 2005, the municipal council elections took place in 2004.
aThe Stadspartij Zutphen Warnsveld had the following names for different periods of time:
1990–1994: Zutphen 2000
1994–1998: Stadspartij Zutphen 2000
1998–2004: Stadspartij / Leefbaar Zutphen
2004–: Stadspartij Zutphen Warnsveld

College of Mayors and Aldermen

The Assistant Secretary of the College come from the coalition parties for the period 2018-2022 GroenLinks , PvdA , SP and VVD . They each provide an alderman for the college . These were appointed during a council meeting on May 28, 2018. The following people belong to the college and are responsible in the following areas:

function Surname Political party Department annotation
mayor Annemieke Vermeulen VVD Areas of responsibility:
administrative coordination and renewal, public order and security (including asylum seekers' home), administrative cooperation at regional, provincial and national level, international contacts, judicial services (contacts / accommodation), representation and communication, election
projects:
Focustraject
in office since December 23, 2016
Alderman Annelies de Jonge PvdA Areas of responsibility:
Economy and labor market (including tourism), education, youth, purchasing policy, information technology, environment / administration of public space.
Focus:
Investment in the city center, making cooperation possible.
Projects:
Rivier in de Stad , Poort van Zuid
-
Harry Matser GroenLinks Areas of responsibility:
energy and climate (including garbage), mobility, citizen participation, finances, personnel and organizational development.
Focus:
Zutphen energy-neutral in 2030, strong management through cooperation
Projects:
Noorderhaven
-
Mathijs ten Broeke SP Areas of responsibility:
Social welfare law (including welfare), housing, culture and genetic makeup.
Focus:
people care, strengthening the living environment
-
Laura Werger VVD
Areas of responsibility: work and income (including participation and integration of the status bearers), environmental law and urban development, issuing permits and enforcement, sport, basic problems, real estate management, organization and facility management in the area of ​​accommodation.Focal points
:
making cooperation possible, people-care
projects:
district development plan De Hoven
-
Community Secretary Boy Janssen - - since April 2012 community secretary

Town twinning

The partner municipalities of Zutphen are:

Economy and Infrastructure

Zutphen has a large industrial area west of the city, on the river, with a small inland port. Among other things, the printing and publishing trade and the metal industry are important there.

Zutphen is a supra-regional education and justice center (with a prison). The city also has a hospital and a large mental hospital.

In the district of Warnsveld , 38.6 ° C was recorded on August 23, 1944, the highest temperature ever recorded in the Netherlands until 2019.

traffic

IJssel bridge in Zutphen

From 1902 to 1954 one was narrow gauge - tram connection to Emmerich

The Station Zutphen is situated on the Intercity -distance Zwolle - Deventer - Arnhem - Nijmegen . There are also local trains to Lochem , Hengelo , Winterswijk and Apeldoorn .

Zutphen has two marinas, the Gelrehaven and the Marshaven . There is also a historic harbor, the Houthaven for historic ships. There are also a number of berths for houseboats.

Personalities

Born in Zutphen
Born in Warnsveld
Associated with Zutphen
  • The brothers François and Pierre Hemony , Lorraine refugees, ran an important bell foundry in Zutphen from 1640 to 1657. The Hemonystraat is named after them.

Usage of names

A Martian crater with a diameter of 38 km was named after Zutphen.

literature

in order of appearance

  • Sjoerd Laansma: De Joodse gemeente te Zutphen . Walburg Pers, Zutphen 1977, ISBN 90-6011-353-5 .
  • Peter Breukink: De bevrijding van Zutphen . Van Someren & Ten Bosch, Zutphen 1980.
  • Wilhelmus Theodorus Maria Frijhoff (ed.): Geschiedenis van Zutphen . Walburg Pers, Zutphen, 2nd edition 2003, ISBN 90-5730-279-9 .
  • Eugenius Hubertus Bary (ed.): Lebuinus en Walburgis bijeen. Deventer en Zutphen as the historical center of kerkelijk leven . Eburon, Delft 2006, ISBN 90-5972-148-9 .
  • Michel Groothedde, Jeroen Krijnen: Vestingstad Zutphen. Elf eeuwen amplify and earn . Walburg Pers, Zutphen, 2nd, expanded and revised edition 2007, ISBN 978-90-5730-616-7 .
  • Willem Frijhoff, Michel Groothedde, Christiaan te Strake: Historical atlas van Zutphen. Torenstad aan Berkel en IJssel . Vantilt, Nijmegen 2011, ISBN 978-94-6004077-1 .

Web links

Commons : Zutphen  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Zutphen  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand . In: StatLine . Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (Dutch)
  2. ^ Joannes Henricus Hofman: Het oude kerspel Borkelo . In: Archief voor de geschiedenis van het bisdom Utrecht , Vol. 1 (1874), pp. 179–207, here p. 180.
  3. Horst Lademacher : History of the Netherlands . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1983, p. 4.
  4. Horst Lademacher: History of the Netherlands . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1983, p. 23.
  5. Illustration by Frans Hogenberg from 1591: Deß Staten Volck mitt list disguised, Inn frauwen kleyder looking for weydt, Dem Vihe zum futter schneyden graß, ... ( digitized version )
  6. Horst Lademacher: History of the Netherlands . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1983, p. 99.
  7. Illustration by Frans Hogenberg from 1591: After the Schantz had succeeded, before Zutphen they were moved away ... ( digital copy )
  8. Niek Megens: Zutphen. De verdwenen stad. Before, tijdens en na het bombardement van 1944 . Walburg Pers, Zutphen 2011, ISBN 978-90-5730-757-7 , pp. 60–81.
  9. Niek Megens: Zutphen. De verdwenen stad. Before, tijdens en na het bombardement van 1944 . Walburg Pers, Zutphen 2011, ISBN 978-90-5730-757-7 , pp. 106-112.
  10. Peter Breukink: De bevrijding van Zutphen. 2 dead April 14, 1945 . Van Someren & Ten Bosch, Zutphen 1980.
  11. Wolter van de Laak: De bevrijding van Zutphen in April 1945 . In: Oud-Zutphen. Tijdschrift van de Historische Vereniging Zutphen . Vol. 7 (1988), No. 1, pp. 1-4.
  12. Result of the local elections: 2014 2018 , accessed on July 26, 2018 (Dutch)
  13. ↑ Allocation of seats in the municipal council: 1986–2004 2010 2014 2018 , accessed on July 26, 2018 (Dutch)
  14. ^ Misha Hofland: Nieuw college Zutphen: twee vrouwen, twee mannen. In: de Stentor . Wegener, May 16, 2018, accessed July 26, 2018 (Dutch).
  15. Burgemeester en wethouders Gemeente Zutphen, accessed on July 23, 2018 (Dutch)
  16. Wim Alings: Kentekens in stad en land . Nefkens, Utrecht 1978, p. 37.