Arnhem

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Arnhem municipality
Flag of the municipality of Arnhem
flag 		Coat of arms of the municipality of Arnhem
coat of arms
province Gelderland Gelderland
mayor Ahmed Marcouch ( PvdA )
Seat of the municipality Arnhem
Area
 - land
 - water 		101.54  km 2
97.91 km 2
3.63 km 2
CBS code 0202
Residents 159,373 (Jan 31, 2019)
Population density 1570 inhabitants / km 2
Coordinates 52 ° 0 ′  N , 5 ° 55 ′  E Coordinates: 52 ° 0 ′  N , 5 ° 55 ′  E
Important traffic route A12 E35 A50 A325 A348 N224 N225 N310 N311 N325
prefix 026
Postcodes 6801-6803, 6811-6816, 6821-6828, 6831-6836, 6841-6846
Website Homepage of Arnhem
LocatieArnhem.png
Template: Infobox location in the Netherlands / maintenance / map
Arnhem Centraal train station
Arnhem Centraal train stationTemplate: Infobox location in the Netherlands / maintenance / picture 1

Arnhem ( German  Arnheim ) is a large city in the Netherlands . It is the capital of the province of Gelderland . Arnhem lies on the Nederrijn , a relatively short section of the Rhine after the Rhine divides, where the Waal and the Nederrijn , later the Lek , arise.

history

Arnhem was built on a hill near the IJssel at the crossroads of trade routes between Utrecht , Nijmegen and Zutphen . Arnhem has only been on this river since the course of the Rhine was changed around 1500.

Arnhem, old town hall around 1850
Arnhem, September 1944

Arnheim appears in 893 in the Prümer Urbar. The quite extensive Prüm property there was grouped around the parish church, which remained in the possession of the Prüm Abbey until the Reformation . In 1233 Count Otto II von Geldern granted Arnhem town charter . In the 15th century, the city had around 4,000 inhabitants and received city walls and towers for defense. The city belonged to the Duchy of Geldern and became part of the Habsburgs in 1472 before it came to the Republic of the Netherlands. In the Dutch War , Arnhem was occupied by French troops from 1672 to 1674, as well as in the coalition wars from 1795 to 1813, with Arnhem being the capital of the Yssel-Supérieur department from 1811 . In 1813 the city was liberated by Prussian troops and fell back to the Netherlands.

Around 1850, about 9,000 people lived in Arnhem. At that time, the region around Arnhem and Nijmegen became a popular residence for the upper middle class from the western provinces of the Netherlands. As a result, representative parks were created, to which the city owes the nickname "Parkstadt" to this day. Parks like Sonsbeek and Zijpendaal (in the north of the city) shape the cityscape.

In 1929 KEMA , the Dutch testing center for the electrical industry, was founded in Arnhem.

During the Second World War , Allied forces tried in September 1944 as part of Operation Market Garden to capture the Arnhem bridge over the Rhine in order to pave the way to Germany . In one of their last victorious battles, however, the Wehrmacht won the battle, which contributed to the failure of the Allied operation "Market Garden". The city was badly damaged by this battle. After the battle, the Wehrmacht forced the then 95,000 residents to leave the city.

On September 16, 1978, the oldest and most famous Rhine bridge was renamed John Frost Bridge , after the British Colonel John Frost , who commanded the battalion that was the only one to reach the bridge and defended the northern section for four days during the unsuccessful offensive in 1944 . A plaque commemorates the battle and its many victims.

A dynamic reconstruction followed after the war. The city's population continues to grow today.

Arnhem is the only city in the Netherlands to have a trolleybus network ( trolleybus Arnhem ), which gives the city the nickname “Trolleystad” today.

politics

The town hall of Arnhem and in the background the Eusebiuskerk

mayor

Ahmed Marcouch ( PvdA ) has been mayor of the municipality since September 1, 2017 .

College of Mayors and Aldermen

The College is for the period until 2022 of members of the party GroenLinks , VVD , D66 and PvdA . They were appointed during a council meeting on May 17, 2018. The following people belong to the college and are responsible in the following areas:

Surname Political party Department
Cathelijne Bouwkamp GroenLinks Sustainability, greenery, spatial planning and environmental law, public space, asylum and refugee issues, animal welfare, project: eastern city center, councilors for the districts of Centrum, Spijkerkwartier, Arnhems Broek
Roeland van der Zee VVD Real estate, basic problems, mobility, care, projects: Blauwe Golven, Stadsblokken-Meinerswijk, Arnhem Centraal , Coehoorn, councilor for the districts of Elden, De Laar
Hans de Vroome D66 Culture and heritage, education, youth and aid, events, tourism and recreation, private life, projects: city center, Gele Rijdersplein / Jansbeek above the water, southern city center, alderman for the districts of Schaarsbergen, Burgemeesterswijk / Hoogkamp, ​​St. Marten, Sonsbeek , Klarendal, Klingelbeek, Heijenoord-Lombok
Martien Louwers PvdA Work and income, district control and matters, debt service, social inclusion, welfare, citizen participation, councilors for the districts of Presikhaaf Oost, Presikhaaf West, Rijkerswoerd, Kronenburg, Vredenburg
Ronald Paping GroenLinks Finances, housing, poverty policy, permission and retention, project: Malburgen, Park Lingezegen, alderman for the districts of Malburgen Oost, Malburgen West, Schuytgraaf, Elderveld
Jan van Dellen VVD economic affairs / acquisition, sport, public services, automation, personnel and organization, management, communication, project: Kleefse Waard, alderman for the districts of Alteveer / 't Cranevelt, Monnikenhuizen, Geitenkamp, ​​Velperweg en omgeving

The office of municipal secretary is carried out by Rob van Wuijtswinkel.

Distribution of seats in the municipal council

Local elections 2018
 %
20th
10
0
16.6
13.2
13.2
8.9
7.7
6.9
6.4
6.2
5.2
16.1
AC
Otherwise. j
Gains and losses
compared to 2014
 % p
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
-12
+7.7
+2.6
-5.3
-1.9
-10.1
+1.1
+3.4
-0.2
+1.1
+1.9
AC
Otherwise. j
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
j PVV 5.1% (+ 5.1%), CU 4.7% (-0.1%), AOP 4.4% (+ 0.9%), A1 0.9% (+ 0.9 %), NVU 0.6% (-0.1%), LS 0.3% (+0.3%), GCD 0.1% (-0.1%), SLA 0.0% (-1 , 5%), TROTS 0.0% (-1.3%), OPA 0.0% (-1.2%), PRK 0.0% (-0.6%), LP 0.0% ( -0.4%)

The municipal council has been formed as follows since 2006:

Political party Seats
2006 2010 2014 2018
GroenLinks 4th 5 4th 7th
VVD 5 6th 4th 6th
D66 1 4th 8th 5
PvdA 13 7th 5 4th
SP 6th 7th 8th 3
Arnhem Centraal a 3 3 2 3
PvdD - - 1 2
CDA 4th 3 3 2
THINK - - - 2
Verenigd Arnhem - - 1
PVV - - - 2
ChristenUnie 1 1 2 2
Arnhemse Ouderen Partij - - 1 1
Pro Arnhem 2 2 - -
Trots op Nederland - 1 - -
total 39 39 39 39
  1. ↑ Parties that took part in the election but were unable to obtain a seat on the council will not be considered.
aBefore the party took the name Arnhem Centraal on June 24, 2016 , it was called Zuid Centraal .

coat of arms

Description : A silver double-headed eagle with a gold frame and so beaked in blue . Shield holders are two red-tongued brown lions with silver reinforcement standing on a green arabesque ; a crown of golden leaves over the shield .

Bridges and other structures

Arnhem, John Frost Bridge

The Arnhem ship bridge was built as early as 1603 and, repeatedly renewed, remained in operation until 1935.

The two bridges over the Nederrijn near the city center are often still called Oude Rijnbrug (Old Rhine Bridge, John Frost Bridge, known from the film The Bridge of Arnhem ) and Nieuwe Rijnbrug (New Rhine Bridge , Nelson Mandela Bridge). The four bridges are downstream:

The 145 m high KEMA Toren transmission tower is not accessible to visitors.

Attractions

Eusebius Church or Grote Kerk

Arnhem has numerous high-ranking cultural institutions.

  • Koepelkerk

  • Country house: Huis Sonsbeek

  • Karl of Egmond

  • GelreDome Stadium

  • Museum of Modern Art

  • Dutch open air museum

  • Burgers' Zoo

  • Korenmarkt

  • Airborneplatz

  • Central Station

  • Vijzelstrasse

  • Battle of Arnhem information center

  • Willemsplatz

  • Arnhem by night

  • Concert hall: Musis Sacrum

  • Sint-Jansbach

  • Arnhem center

traffic

Local public transport in the Arnhem-Nijmegen region is operated under the brand name breng (Dutch for (I) bring ) by Hermes , a subsidiary of Connexxion . 13 urban bus routes operate within Arnhem, including lines 1 to 3 and 5 to 7 as the Arnhem trolleybus . Breng also operates regional, express and citizen buses.

The Arnhem Centraal train station is the only train station outside the Randstad that is nicknamed Centraal (comparable to the German central station ) and is a hub in the railway traffic of the eastern Netherlands. ICE trains to Utrecht, Amsterdam, Düsseldorf, Cologne, Frankfurt and Basel, as well as intercity connections to other parts of the Netherlands stop here. The regional trains are partly operated by Arriva and breng, and the Rhein-IJssel-Express  (RE 19) operated by Abellio Rail NRW connects the city with the Lower Rhine and Düsseldorf.

Arnhem is connected to numerous national and international long-distance cycle routes, including a. to the Rhine Cycle Route (the European EuroVelo route 15 from the source to the mouth of the Rhine), and also easily accessible from Germany by bike.

The nearest airports are in Weeze (Niederrhein) (NRN, 45 km), Eindhoven (EIN, 68 km), Amsterdam-Schiphol (AMS, 85 km), Düsseldorf (DUS, 100 km) and Rotterdam / The Hague  (RTM, 100 km).

Arnhem is accessed by road through the A12 , A50 , A15 , A325 , A348 , N224 , N225 , N310 , N325 and N784 . The 3.3 km long Centrumring also runs around the city center .

Culture

Considering the size of the city, there is a considerable cultural offer in Arnhem. The music scene takes place in the Musis Sacrum, the concert building where the Gelderland Symphony Orchestra rehearses and performs and where weekly jazz concerts take place. Since 2008 the Luxor , a former concert hall, has been rebuilt to complement the cultural offerings, especially in the field of pop and light music. The theater (Schouwburg) offers national and international companies a platform.

The Kunsthochschule Arnhem ( ArtEZ ) is internationally renowned for its open and experimental department for jazz and pop music , which is largely used by German students, its internationally oriented, renowned dance department, and its traditional theater department. Organized by students among others, local live jazz can be heard twice a week in Arnhem, in the “Cafe de Kroeg” and “Stella by Starlight” bars.

Once a year the city organizes a festival for street statues ( Living Statues ), and every two years the Arnhem “Fashion Biennale”.

Sports

The city's best- known sports club is the Vitesse Arnhem football club , which plays in the Dutch honor division and won the Dutch Cup for the first time in 2017.

In 2000, some European Football Championship matches were held in Arnhem in the GelreDome , Vitesse Arnhem's home stadium.

Town twinning

Sister cities of Arnhem are

United KingdomUnited Kingdom Croydon , UK , since 1985
GermanyGermany Gera ( Germany ), since 1987
China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China Wuhan ( People's Republic of China ), since 1999

Personalities

View of Arnhem (1860)

sons and daughters of the town

People associated with the city

  • Raschid Ben Ali (* 1978), Dutch painter, completed part of his training here
  • Martin Böcker (* 1958), German organist, completed part of his training here
  • Michiel Braam (* 1964), Dutch musician and composer, teaches at the local conservatory
  • René Creemers (* 1959), Dutch musician, taught at the local conservatory
  • Christian Doepke (* 1966), German musician, completed part of his training here
  • Axel Dörner (* 1964), German musician and composer, completed part of his training here
  • Johannes Grevius (1584–1622), German theologian, worked here as a pastor
  • Audrey Hepburn (1929–1993), actress of Dutch origin, lived here during World War II
  • Florentijn Hofman (* 1977), Dutch artist, lives and works here
  • Jacob de Kempenaer (1793–1870), Dutch politician, died here
  • Aadriaan Cornelis van Leeuwen (1887–1991), Dutch composer and conductor, died here
  • Ernst Leffmann (1899–1972), German-Dutch lawyer and manufacturer, lived here from 1933 until his death
  • Ehrenfried Leichel (1828–1905), German-Dutch organ builder, died here
  • Mark Manders (* 1968), Dutch artist, lives here
  • Pieter JR Modderman (1919–2005), Dutch archaeologist, died here
  • Adolf von Neuenahr (1554–1589), Dutch governor, died here
  • Marcus Schinkel (* 1968), German musician, completed part of his training here
  • Jan Taminiau (* 1975), Dutch fashion designer, completed part of his training here
  • Johan Wagenaar (1862–1941), Dutch composer and organist, worked here as a choir conductor
  • Ita Wegman (1876–1943), Dutch doctor and anthroposophist, completed part of her schooling here

Web links

Commons : Arnhem  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Arnhem  - travel guide
Wikisource: Arnhem in the Topographia Circuli Burgundici (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wiktionary: Arnhem  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand . In: StatLine . Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (Dutch)
  2. ↑ Prümer Urbar Cap. IIC, ed. I. Schwab, pp. 242f.
  3. ↑ Ahmed Marcouch officieel nieuwe burgemeester Arnhem. In: Omroep Gelderland. August 25, 2017, accessed July 1, 2018 (Dutch).
  4. ↑ Arnhem heeft nieuw college, oud-wethouders leggen ze het vuur aan de schenen. In: Omroep Gelderland. May 31, 2018, accessed July 1, 2018 (Dutch).
  5. ↑ Samenstelling college Gemeente Arnhem, accessed on July 1, 2018 (Dutch)
  6. ↑ Result of the local elections: 2014 2018 , accessed on July 1, 2018 (Dutch)
  7. ↑ Allocation of seats in the municipal council: 2006 2010 2014 2018 , accessed on July 1, 2018 (Dutch)
  8. ↑ webmaster: EuroVelo 15: from the source of the Rhine to the North Sea - EuroVelo. Retrieved May 15, 2017 .
  9. ↑ site Gemeente Arnhem - Stedenbanden