Adolf von Neuenahr

Adolf von Neuenahr ( Dutch Adolf van Nieuwenaar ) (* around 1554, † October 1589 in Arnhem ), by heir Cologne hereditary bailiff and ruling Count of Limburg and Moers , was military commander and Dutch governor.

Life

Adolf came around 1554 as the only son of Count Gumprecht II (IV.) Von Neuenahr-Alpen (* around 1503; † May 21, 1556) and his third wife Amöna von Daun (* around 1520; † around 1582) one Daughter of Wirich V. von Daun-Falkenstein . His godfather was the Archbishop of Cologne Adolf III.

Ancestors of Adolf Graf von Neuenahr and Limburg
Great grandparents	Friedrich Graf von Neuenahr (after 1417–1468), Lord of Roesberg and Alpen ⚭ 1461 Eva (around 1420 – after 1483), 1446 mistress of Linnep and Helpenstein	Wilhelm Graf von und zu Wertheim (1421–1482), Lord of Breuberg ⚭ 1448 Agnes Countess of Isenburg-Büdingen (around 1424 – after 1497)	Melchior Count von Daun (1445–1517), Lord of Oberstein and Bretzenheim ⚭ 1470 Margareta Countess of Virneburg, Lady of Falkenstein	Sebastian I. Count von Sayn (1464–1498), Lord of Homburg ⚭ 1482 Maria Countess of Limburg (before 1470 – after 1525)
Grandparents	Gumprecht I (III.) Count von Neuenahr (after 1461–1504), Lord of Alpen, Linnep and Helpenstein ⚭ around 1500 Amalia Countess von Wertheim (* around 1462 – around 1532)		Wirich V. Graf von Daun (around 1473–1546), Lord (since 1518 Graf) von Falkenstein and Oberstein, 1508 Co-Count of Limburg, Lord von Broich, Bürgel and Hackenbroich ⚭ 1505 Countess Irmgard von Sayn (1482–1551), adopted by her uncle Johann Mitgraf von Limburg (around 1464–1511), Herr von Broich, Bürgel and Hackenbroich
parents	Gumprecht II. (IV.) Count von Neuenahr (around 1503–1556), lord of Alpen, Linnep and Helpenstein, 1543 co-count of Limburg, lord of Hackenbroich ⚭ 1542 Amöna (Amelia) Countess von Daun and Falkenstein (* around 1520–1582 ), Co-count of Limburg, mistress of Hackenbroich
Adolf Graf von Neuenahr and Co-Count of Limburg, Lord of the Alps, Linnep, Helpenstein and Hackenbroich (around 1554–1589)

After his father's death in 1556, Adolf inherited half of the county of Limburg , the Alps , Helpenstein , Linnep Castle , Hackenbroich and the Cologne hereditary bailiwick . He and his sisters Amalia and Magdalena were educated at Moers Castle , the court of their guardian and uncle, Count Hermann von Neuenahr and Moers (1520–1578), who was important in the history of the Reformation .

From the year 1570 with declaration of majority Adolf joined now alone as regent in appearance and on 20 November 1575 he was finally by Duke Wilhelm V of Jülich-Cleves-Berg formally Hohenlimburg Castle and the court Beckhausen invested. In the same year Adolf married his third degree aunt, around thirty years older, Anna Walburga von Neuenahr (1522–1600), widow of the executed Count Philippe II. De Montmorency-Nivelle . Due to his wife's right of inheritance after the death of her brother Hermann on December 4, 1578, Adolf came into possession of the Counties of Moers , Bedburg , Garsdorf and Rösberg Castle .

When the Cologne War broke out in 1583, which was triggered by the marriage of Cologne Archbishop Gebhard I von Waldburg and his refusal to renounce the archbishopric, Adolf stood on his side.

After the imprisonment of Wilhelm IV von Bergh 's-Heerenberg in November 1583, Count Adolf was transferred to his post as governor of Gelderland in early 1584 .

As early as 1584, his possessions of Moers, Bedburg and Hackenbroich were conquered and occupied by the troops of the new Archbishop Ernst of Bavaria - the fiefdom was withdrawn. After several weeks of siege, Hohenlimburg Castle also fell . In the same year, Adolf and Joost de Soete received an order from the States General to burn down parts of Twente in order to slow down the advance of the Spaniards. After the murder of William of Orange on July 10, 1584, Adolf was installed as governor in Arnhem in the province of Overijssel .

On June 23, 1585, Adolf, together with Joost de Soete and Martin Schenk von Nideggen , experienced their defeat against the Spaniards under the leadership of Johann Baptista von Taxis at the battle of Amerongen . Since Soete was captured, Adolf von Neuenahr took over his post as governor of Utrecht . As commander in chief of the troops, he conquered the city of Neuss in February 1586 and destroyed a number of smaller castles and fortified courtyards in the Neuss area. On July 26th, however, Neuss was recaptured by Spanish troops under the command of Alessandro Farnese . While retreating, Adolf destroyed the Kamp monastery in Cologne .

In October 1589 Adolf was killed by a powder explosion while testing a self-made petard in Arnhem .

Count Adolf was the namesake for the Adolfinum grammar school in Moers .

literature

Carl Hirschberg: Adolf . In: History of the County of Moers . 2nd Edition. August Steiger, Moers 1892, pp. 90–100 ( digitized version of the University and State Library Düsseldorf)
Hugo Altmann: Neuenahr, Adolf Graf von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , p. 109 f. ( Digitized version ).
Pieter Lodewijk Muller : Neuenahr, Adolf Graf von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1886, p. 484 f.

Web links

Commons : Adolf van Nieuwenaar - collection of images, videos and audio files

Illustration by Frans Hogenberg from 1604: Adolff Graff zu Neuwenahr, Moers and Limpurg… urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 1-91345

Individual evidence

↑ Document of November 20, 1575; see. Christoph Jakob Kremer: Academic contributions to Gülch and Bergische history , Bd. II history of the lords and counts of Limburg . Academic writings, Mannheim 1776, p. 83.
↑ Pieter Christiaensz Bor: Oorsprongk, begin, en vervolgh der nederlandsche oorlogen. Volume 3. van Sommeren a. a., Amsterdam 1681, p. 780.

predecessor	Office	successor
Gumprecht II. (IV., VI.) Hermann (guardianship until 1570)	Count of Neuenahr-Alpen 1555–1589	Magdalena
Hermann	Count von Neuenahr-Bedburg-Rösberg (representing his wife) 1578–1589	Anna Walburga
Hermann	Count von Moers (on behalf of his wife) 1578–1589	Anna Walburga
Gumprecht (II., IV.) VI. Hermann (guardianship until 1570)	Bailiff of the Archbishopric of Cologne 1555 and 1570–1589	Magdalena , represented by Arnold II. (IV.) Von Bentheim-Tecklenburg
Gumprecht (II.) IV. (VI.) Hermann (regency)	Count of Limburg 1555 and 1570 / 75–1589	Amalia
Joost de Soete	Governor of Utrecht 1585–1589	Moritz of Orange
William I of Orange-Nassau	Governor of Overijssel 1584–1589	Moritz of Orange
Wilhelm IV of Bergh 's-Heerenberg	Governor of Gelderland 1584–1589	Moritz of Orange

personal data
SURNAME	Neuenahr, Adolf von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Nieuwenaar, Adolf van
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	military commander and Dutch governor
DATE OF BIRTH	around 1554
DATE OF DEATH	October 1589
Place of death	Arnhem

[1] Document of November 20, 1575; see. Christoph Jakob Kremer: Academic contributions to Gülch and Bergische history , Bd. II history of the lords and counts of Limburg . Academic writings, Mannheim 1776, p. 83.

[Christiaensz-2] Pieter Christiaensz Bor: Oorsprongk, begin, en vervolgh der nederlandsche oorlogen. Volume 3. van Sommeren a. a., Amsterdam 1681, p. 780.