Moritz Casimir I (Bentheim-Tecklenburg)

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Coat of arms of Moritz Casimir I von Bentheim-Tecklenburg at the former watermill in Gütersloh (1731)

Moritz Casimir I of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (born March 8, 1701 in Hohenlimburg , † June 2, 1768 in Rheda ) was the ruling Count of Tecklenburg , Count of Limburg and Lord of Rheda .

Moritz Casimir I. is the founder of the high musical culture in Rheda, he laid the foundation of today's Fürstlich zu Bentheim-Tecklenburgische Musikbibliothek Rheda .

family

Moritz Casimir I. von Bentheim-Tecklenburg was the youngest child of the ruling Count Friedrich Moritz von Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1653-1710) and his second wife, Countess Christina Maria zur Lippe-Brake (1673-1732).

Moritz Casimir I married on July 5, 1727 in Meerholz , Countess Albertine Henriette von Isenburg-Büdingen (1703–1749). The marriage has six children:

  • Friedrike Luise (1729–1747)
  • Friedrich Wilhelm (1730–)
  • Friedrich Ernst Karl (–1735)
  • Moritz Casimir II. (1735–1805), heir to the Bentheim-Tecklenburg family
  • Ferdinande Henriette Dorothea (1737–1779) ⚭ October 16, 1766 Count Karl Ernst Casimir zur Lippe-Biesterfeld (1735–1810)
  • Karl Philipp (1746–1753)

After the death of his first wife, he married Countess Amalie Isabella Sidonie von Bentheim and Steinfurt (1725–1782) in 1750 .

Life

Moritz Casimir I was nine years old when his father died on December 13, 1710. So initially his mother took over government duties . In the years of their reign , the spectacular castle took fire in Rheda of 8 August 1718 which not only the fire, which Backhaus fell, but also other old and new building of the castle to the victim. The new gate hall of Rheda Castle was one of the first reconstruction measures in 1719.

Meanwhile, Moritz Casimir, who had acquired a reputation early on as a music lover and patron of musicians in need , studied law, the fine arts and especially music in Utrecht for several years . In the field of music he broadened his horizons in Vienna in 1722 and finally took over the government in 1726 after his mother had built Haus Bosfeld as a widow's residence the year before . He achieved a considerable political success in 1729 in the so-called Tecklenburger settlement , in which the king in Prussia a . a. all sovereign rights in the county Limburg waived and for the final transfer of the remaining rights to Tecklenburg 175,000 Reichstaler paid to Moritz Casimir.

When the Bentheim residence was relocated from Rheda to Hohenlimburg between 1729 and 1756, Count Moritz Casimir I expanded the palace as a residence and laid out gardens in the late Baroque style. Accordingly, in the following years, the count's residences alternated between Hohenlimburg Castle , where a full orchestra was maintained, and Rheda Castle . On the front castle of Schloss Rheda 1732 new were farm buildings erected. The new building of a spacious baroque wing 1745–47 with the rococo festival hall completed in 1754 offered space for a lively court life with varied, high quality theater and chamber music performances . Moritz Casimir had already created an important collection of music with original manuscripts at a young age , which were performed by the court orchestra.
For reasons of economy, Rheda became the sole permanent residence of the count from 1757, although there too - as in Hohenlimburg - during the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), billeting and the passage of larger troop units was to be expected. In 1757 around 65,000 French soldiers camped on the eastern Emswiesen in front of the castle walls. In 1760, the Marstall was built on the outer bailey of Rheda Castle .

Moritz Casimir I was followed in 1768 by his son Moritz Casimir II , who, like his father, loved music and the theater, in accordance with the Primogeniture Regulations he issued in 1746 .

Trivia

  • The "Journal" of 18-year-old Moritz Casimir I from his studies in Utrecht , found in the castle library, shows his strict, moral world of thought; Religion , morality and politics are his main interests, which does not prevent his artistic expertise from having an impact up to the present century.
  • The baroque part of Rheda Castle was built during this time. After all, it took almost 30 years to fully rebuild after the fire. The great hall was decorated with tapestries , vases and busts when it was built and, like the 6 adjoining rooms, was provided with very fine stucco .
  • The library, very personal, with books, almost all of which are provided with Moritz Casimir's notes ( "I love this book" ), all sciences, political science , theology , ethics , morals up to magic , fashion and the cookbook , the important music literature , which is being researched anew today, brings the Rheda of that time to life.

See also

literature

  • Joachim Domp: Studies on the history of music at Westphalian aristocratic courts in the 18th century. Freiburg Studies in Musicology, Regensburg 1934, p. 7ff.
  • Rudolf Reuter : The instruments of the Fürstlich-Bentheim-Tecklenburgischen court music in the Erbdrostenhof in Münster. Westfalen, Volume 46, 1968, pp. 129-145.
  • Hans Schnoor : Music at Rheda Castle. Monograph of the district of Wiedenbrück. Music + Theater - without their own roof, Bielefeld 1969, pp. 32–57.
  • W. Voigt: The princely stables in Rheda 100 years ago. In: Gütersloher Articles, Issue 22, January 1971.
  • Hans-Joachim Böckenholt: Castle and rule Rheda . Rhode Druck und Verlag, Harsewinkel-Marienfeld 1979, ISBN 3-921961-02-8 , pp. 35-38.
  • Ina Bimberg: The gardens of Hohenlimburg Castle. In: Hohenlimburger Heimatblätter 63, 2002, pp. 281–290.
  • Hermann Schaub: The rule of Rheda and their residence city. From the beginning to the end of the Old Empire (= publications from the Gütersloh district archive. Vol. 10). Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2006, ISBN 3-89534-610-1 .
  • Stephanie Marra : Alliances of the Nobility. Dynastic action in the Grafenhaus Bentheim in the 16th and 17th centuries. Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2007, ISBN 3-412-31105-7 .

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ From 1710 to 1726 his mother, Countess Christina Maria von Bentheim-Tecklenburg (née Countess zur Lippe-Brake) ruled for him.
  2. ^ Lines Bentheim-Tecklenburg (English)
  3. ^ W. Voigt: The Rheda castle fire 250 years ago . Gütersloher Contributions, Issue 14, January 1969, pp. 290-291.
  4. ↑ a b c Hans-Joachim Böckenholt: Schloss und Herrschaft Rheda Rhode Printing and Publishing, Harsewinkel-Marienfeld 1979, ISBN 3-921961-02-8 (incorrect), pp. 35-38.
  5. ^ Victor Loewe (Ed.): Prussian State Contracts from the Reign of Friedrich Wilhelm I. Publications from the Prussian State Archives, Volume 87, Leipzig 1913, pp. 384–391.
  6. ↑ This information was given by H. Klueting on the basis of his research on the cost of the court in Hohenlimburg.
  7. ↑ G. Ortenberg: The camp of Rheda / Wiedenbrück in the year 1757. In: Heimatblätter Die Glocke 1978, pp. 105-106.
  8. ↑ Sissi Fürstin zu Bentheim-Tecklenburg: Some thoughts about Rheda. In: Castle and Lordship of Rheda. Rhode Druck und Verlag, Harsewinkel-Marienfeld 1979, p. 63.
predecessor Office successor
Friedrich Moritz Count of Limburg
1710–1768 		Moritz Casimir II.
Friedrich Moritz Head of the House of Bentheim-Tecklenburg
1710–1768 		Moritz Casimir II.
personal data
SURNAME Moritz Casimir I.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bentheim-Tecklenburg, Moritz-Casimir I.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Count of Tecklenburg and Limburg, Lord of Rheda
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1701
PLACE OF BIRTH Hohenlimburg
DATE OF DEATH June 2, 1768
Place of death Rheda