Deventer

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Deventer municipality
Deventer municipality flag
flag 		Coat of arms of the municipality of Deventer
coat of arms
province OverijsselOverijssel Overijssel
mayor Ron König ( D66 )
Seat of the municipality Deventer
Area
 - land
 - water 		134.38  km 2
131.30 km 2
3.08 km 2
CBS code 0150
Residents 100,021 (Jan 31, 2019)
Population density 744 inhabitants / km 2
Coordinates 52 ° 15 ′  N , 6 ° 10 ′  E Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′  N , 6 ° 10 ′  E
Important traffic route A1 E30 N337 N344 N348
prefix 0570
Postcodes 7411-7437
Website Homepage of Deventer
LocatieDeventer.png
Template: Infobox location in the Netherlands / maintenance / map

Deventer ( listen ? / I ) is a municipality in the province of Overijssel ( Netherlands ); the city of Deventer is the main town in this municipality. Audio file / audio sample

Places of the community

In addition to the city of the same name and a. the villages of Schalkhaar , Lettele , Okkenbroek , Diepenveen , with a medieval church and bathmen .

Location and economy

Winter floods in Deventer

The city lies on the river IJssel . The Dutch A1 motorway from Amsterdam to Hengelo and the Amsterdam-Osnabrück- Berlin railway line cross the IJssel near Deventer . There is a small inland port in Deventer.

The economy of Deventer is shaped by the printing and packaging industries. Products from Deventer are z. B. Tin cans and plastic cups. There is also a boiler factory and many smaller industrial and trading companies. There are several universities of applied sciences in Deventer. a. for environmental technology . The Dutch Solar group produces solar cells and modules here on behalf of various photovoltaic companies . Trust Chem , a Chinese manufacturer of specialty chemicals, has its European office in Deventer.

history

The city of Deventer, on whose territory the Germans lived before the beginning of the 4th century , was founded before the 8th century. The Anglo-Saxon missionary Lebuin (= Liafwin - "dear friend") founded a church there in 768 or 769. The place on a small hill on the river IJssel was already an important trading center back then. When the Vikings destroyed the place on their raids in the Rhineland in 882 , Deventer was soon rebuilt and fortified with earth walls.

In the 9th and 10th centuries Deventer was the temporary seat of the bishop of Utrecht . A coin from here from the 11th century can be found in the coin find of Sandur in the Faroe Islands . The city developed into an important hub of trade routes and joined the German Hanseatic League . The trade in stockfish from Scandinavia was particularly important. In the 15th century the town held a fair five times a year . When the sea routes via Holland became increasingly important in the 16th and 17th centuries and the water level in the IJssel sank so that large ships could no longer use the river, the city temporarily lost its importance. An iron foundry was established in the 18th century , and the industry grew rapidly between 1850 and 1930, only to lose its importance after 1970.

When it was part of the French state , Deventer was the capital of the arrondissement of the same name in the Département des Bouches-de-l'Yssel (Department of the IJssel estuaries). From 1815 until after the Second World War it was an important garrison town for u. a. Hussars and cavalry The former barracks on the edge of the city center was converted into a shopping center with a cinema ("Boreel") in 2012. In May 1940 Deventer (like the rest of the Benelux countries) was occupied by Wehrmacht troops . The barracks in Schalkhaar , built in the 1930s, was a training center for "German-friendly" police officers from 1941 to 1945; today there is an asylum seeker reception center. The IJssel Bridge, built between 1939 and 1943, was bombed several times by British and American aircraft in 1944 and 1945. Deventer suffered great damage. On April 10, 1945 troops of the 3rd Canadian Division liberated Deventer. Shortly before, Wehrmacht soldiers blew up the IJssel bridge. In 1948 this bridge (named after the then Queen Wilhelmina ) was reopened.

Cultural meaning

The group Brothers from Common Life or Devotio moderna around Geert Groote , which had a lot of influence on religion and philosophy, was founded at the end of the 14th century in Deventer and then in the Windesheim monastery five kilometers south of Zwolle . Deventer, where the first books were printed as early as 1477 by a printer named Johannes from Paffrath, who immigrated from the Cologne area , was a center of culture and science of supraregional importance in the late Middle Ages. The Latin school under the rector Alexander Hegius was u. a. Visited by Erasmus from Rotterdam . The Athenaeum Illustre , an academic high school , existed from 1630 to 1878.

The painter and art forger Han van Meegeren , who manufactured and sold forgeries of Vermeer paintings from 1930 to 1945 , was born and trained in Deventer. His grave is on Algemene Begraafplaats , Raalterweg 29 in the village of Diepenveen, which belongs to the municipality of Deventer.

The relatively strong Turkish minority has had a modern mosque since 2003 , which is also used for integration projects and cultural events in cooperation with the city's autochthonous inhabitants.

The city ​​and the bridge were used as a backdrop for the feature film The Bridge of Arnhem . In Arnhem, at the time of filming, there were already more modern buildings near the bridge, so that Deventer seemed more suitable for the exterior shots and battle scenes on the bridge.

Attractions

City view of Deventer with the Lebuinus Church

In the historic old town, three historic buildings stand out in particular:

  • the Stadtwaage ( Waag ) on the market square called Brink , built in 1545, restored in 2002, now the city museum;
  • the Great or Lebuinus Church , with a high tower, and
  • the mountain church with two towers, which is located in the so-called mountain district.

Both churches date from the 13th century and have frescoes inside. The Bergkirche is now a museum for modern art. In 1995 a memorial center for Etty Hillesum was set up in the former synagogue .

photos

  • Deventer, the city

  • Deventer, church tower of the Lebuiniskerk

  • Deventer, Sint Nicolaaskerk or Bergkerk

  • Deventer, street in the center: de Brink

  • Deventer, train station

  • Deventer, mill: de Bolwerksmolen

  • Deventer panorama

    Deventer on the IJssel

Sports

A well-known sports club in the city is the professional football club Go Ahead Eagles , which after a long absence between 2013 and 2015 played two seasons in the Eredivisie , but has been active in the Eerste Divisie since 2017 .

Regular events

Every year on the last weekend before Christmas Eve, the popular Dickens Festival (with a Christmas market) (2005: 135,000 and 2006: 200,000 spectators ) takes place, with scenes from the English author's novels being re-enacted by residents of the Bergviertel. An international stilt theater festival is held every year on a weekend in early July ( Deventer op Stelten ).

On the first Sunday in August, the banks of the IJssel are the backdrop for a large book market. There is a large market in Deventer on Fridays and Saturdays. The Saturday market on De Brink is the busiest and offers the largest selection.

sons and daughters of the town

Persons associated with Deventer

  • Etty Hillesum (1914–1943), Jewish, died in Auschwitz, see her diary and legacy Het verstoorde leven (title of the German edition: The Thinking Heart )
  • Renate Vincken (1943–2013), sculptor

Web links

Commons : Deventer  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Deventer in the Topographia Circuli Burgundici (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts
Wikivoyage: Deventer  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Benoeming burgemeester Deventer. In: rijksoverheid.nl. Rijksoverheid, May 10, 2019, accessed June 8, 2019 (Dutch).
  2. ↑ Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand . In: StatLine . Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (Dutch)
  3. ↑ www.ibiblio.org: Chronology (1945)