Johannes de Gorter

Johannes de Gorter (1689–1762)

Johannes de Gorter (also Jan or Johann de Gorter ; born February 19, 1689 in Enkhuizen , † September 11, 1762 in Wijk bij Duurstede ) was a Dutch medic .

Live and act

Johannes de Gorter had already developed a special interest in medical topics in his early youth. These interests were further developed in the young man by his teachers at the time, so that at the age of 19 he was licensed as a surgeon in his place of birth. The famous name of Herman Boerhaave had made him want to go to Leiden University . After further training in the Greek and Latin languages, he was able to move into his desired university in October 1709 in order to devote himself to the study of medicine. After three years he received his doctorate with the Dissertation de Obstructione (Leiden 1712), then opened a practice in his hometown and continued his medical studies.

He also tried to apply various methods from other areas of physics and mathematics. He measured the human body, weighed it and carried out various experiments, which he published in 1725. At the recommendation of Boerhaave, he was appointed professor of medicine at the University of Harderwijk on June 13 of the same year . He took up this post of pharmaceutical science after a long hesitation, gave a solemn speech and was promoted to doctor of philosophy on October 15, 1726. During his 29-year term in office, Hadarwijk University experienced a heyday. He entered into correspondence with the famous scholars of his time and made himself known through his writings. This call also reached the Russian court of the tsars. When Abraham Kaauw Boerhaave (1715–1754) was no longer able to fulfill his duties, Tsarina Elisabeth wanted to take him to the court in St. Petersburg as his successor .

After initial hesitation, he agreed and moved with his two sons, a daughter and his wife to St. Petersburg on August 15, 1754, where he arrived on September 12. After some time in Petersburg, he became increasingly old-age. His wife had died at that time and de Gorter was homesick. Therefore, he expressed the wish to return to his homeland. This was granted, so that in September 1758 he could set foot on home soil again. For four years he was able to spend the last years of his life with his children in Amsterdam, Enkhuizen and in Wijk near Duurstede. Most recently he was with his son David, who had returned from Russia, in Leiden, in whose arms he died.

His main work Medicina Hippocratica exponens aphorismos Hippocratis is an overall presentation of the practical medicine of his time, which he presented using the aphorisms of Hippocrates . His pupil was, among others, Carl von Linné , who received his doctorate in medicine in 1735 under his direction. Johannes de Gorter was a member of the Imperial Leopoldine-Carolonic Academy of Natural Scientists, a member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences and a member of the Society of Sciences in Haarlem.

family

From his marriage to Susanna van Bassen he had five children. David de Gorter was also to achieve an excellent name in the scientific world as a physician and botanist. His son Theodor de Gorter (* 1720 in Enkhuizen, † December 19, 1739 in Harderwijk) also became a doctor. We also know John de Gorter and his son Hermanus Boerhaave de Gorter (* 1732 in Harderwijk), named after his great teacher. The latter had also accompanied his father to Russia, he later became a doctor in Amsterdam, a member of the Dutch Society of Sciences in Haarlem and a member of the Society of Batavische in Rotterdam.

Works

• De Secretione humorum e Sanguine, cum fig. Amsterdam 1727.
• Oratio inauguralis de dirigendo studio in Medicinae praxi, sive de tabb. per discipl. med. concinnandis. Leiden 1727, Patav. 1751.
• Gezuiverde Heelkonst ter onderwijzing van den empty en kunstoefenenden Heelmeester. Leiden 1731.
• Oratio de praxis med. repurgatae certitudine. Leiden 1731, Patav. 1751.
• Oratio de animi et corporis consensione mirabili, tam in secunda, quam adversa valetudine. Leiden 1731.
• Description of the algemeene doorgaande ziekte. Amsterdam 1733.
• Morbi epidemici brevis descriptio et curatio. Harderwijk 1733. Patav. 1751.
• Hypothesis nova de febrium intermittentium causa. Harderwijk 1735. ( digitized in the digital library Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)
• De perspiratione insensibili . Leiden 1725, 1736.
• Compendium medicinae in usum exercitat. domest. digestum. Leiden 1731–1737, 2nd vol.
• Exercitationes medicae quatuor. Amsterdam 1737.
• Medicina Hippocratica exponens aphorismos Hippocratis. Amsterdam 1739-1742. 7 vol .; Pad. 1747, 1753, Amsterdam 1754.
• Medicinae Dogmatica, de Delirio, Vertigine ac Tussi. Harderwijk 1741. 40, Patav. 1751. 4o.
• Chirurgia repurgata, ab auctore recensita etc. Accessit materia medica Chirurgiae repurg. Accommodate. Leiden 1742
• Nieuwe gezuiverde Heelkons. 3. Edition. Leiden 1746, Amsterdam 1762.
• Gezuiverde geneeskonst, of kort Onderwijs der most internal ziekten ten nutte van Chirurgijns, who serve the Zee of Velde, often in other omstandigheden, zig genoodzaakt vinden dusdanige ziekten te treat. Amsterdam 1747, 3rd edition. 1761.
• Kort vertoog of aanwijsing hoe en waar de sluitband der kraamvrouwen must have been laid enz. Amsterdam 1744, 1752.
• Exercitatio medica quinta de actione viventium particulari. Amsterdam 1748.
• Practice medicae systema. Harderwijk 1750, 1767.
• Methodus dirigendi studium medicum. Harderwijk 1753.
• Formulas medicinales cum indice virium. Amsterdam 1755.
• Medicinal formulas: quo ad inventas indicationes inveniuntur medicamina. Amstelodami: de Tournes, 1755. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
• Kort is the term used to describe the knowledge of korte describing the zaken, withered door eene vrouw may have been given, eer men hair may toelaten het ambt as Vroedvrouw waar te nemen. Amsterdam 1786.

swell

• Carl Joseph Bouginé : Handbook of the general Litterargeschichte after Heumann's plan . 6. Suppl., Part 2, Verlag Orell, Füßli und Compagnie, Zurich 1802, p. 105. ( online )
• Abraham Jacob van der Aa : Biographical woordenboek der Nederlanden, bevattende levensbeschrijvingen van zoodanige people, who zich op eenigerlei wijze in ons vaderland vermaard made. Volume 7, Verlag JJ Van Brederode, Haarlem 1862, p. 300. ( online , Dutch)
• Jan Christiaan Kobus, Jhr. Willem George Hendrik de Rivecourt: Biographical woordenboek van Nederland. Volume 1, Verlag AEC van Someren, Zutphen 1870, p. 611. ( online , Dutch)
• August Hirsch : Biographical lexicon of the outstanding doctors of all times and peoples. Volume 2, Verlag Urban & Schwarzenberg, Vienna / Leipzig 1885, p. 606.
• Er - Gruber : General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts . 1st Sect., Part 74, Verlag Friedrich August Brockhaus, Leipzig 1862, p. 454,