John of Arderne
Johannes von Arderne , also Sir John Arderne , John of Arderne and John Arden (* 1307 in Nottingham (?), † 1392 in London ), was an English surgeon and is considered the first proctologist . He detailed a method of removing bladder stones that has long been considered a reference. Among other things, he dealt with urinary tract infections and described the urethral incision .
Life
Arderne practiced from 1349 to 1370 as a doctor in Newark-on-Trent in Nottinghamshire and then worked in London, where he was accepted into the brotherhood of surgeons. He is said to have acquired his knowledge as a military doctor in the Hundred Years War in the wake of Heinrich von Grosmont , but there is no reliable evidence for this.
Arderne's outstanding achievement was anal fistula surgery , which at the time was often fatal. In contrast to other doctors, he relied on a natural healing process for the wounds. In other respects he was a man of his time and used astrology during diagnosis and treatment.
Arderne wrote much of his writings from 1370 onwards. They were quickly translated from Latin into English and taken up by other authors. However, his works were later not printed immediately and so he was forgotten. Today he is considered the first English surgeon, or at least the first of rank.
Works
- Practica Chirurgiae.
- Practica of fistula in ano.
- Liber medicinarum sive receptorum liber medicinalium.
- Hoc est speculum phlebotomiae.
- De arte phisicali et de chirurgia. (1412 posthumously )
Manuscripts
- MS Hunter 339 (U.8.7). (Collected works including Practica de fistula in ano .)
- MS Hunter 112 (T.5.14). ( Practica de fistula in ano , Liber Medicinarum and Speculum Phlebotomiae .)
- MS Hunter 135 (T.6.17). (Incomplete copy of the Practica Chirvrgiae .)
- MS Hunter 403 (V.3.1). ( Practica de fistula in ano and Liber Medicinarum .)
literature
- Gundolf Keil : Arderne (Arden), John. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil, Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 96 f.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c d John of Arderne: Medical Treatise. University of Glasgow , May 2006.
- ^ GN Weiss: John Arderne, Father of English Surgery. In: J. Int. College of Surg. Volume 25, 1956, pp. 247-261.
- ↑ Logan Clendening: Source book of medical history . Courier Dover, 1960, ISBN 0-486-20621-1 , p. 85.
- ^ Leo Zimmerman: Great ideas in the history of surgery . Norman Publishing, 2003, ISBN 0-930405-53-6 , p. 158.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Arderne, Johannes von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Arderne, Sir John (English); Arderne, John of; Ardern, John |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | English surgeon |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1307 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | unsure: Nottingham |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1392 |
| Place of death | London |