Johannes of Lübeck

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Johannes von Lübeck , also Libek , in Czech Jan z Lubecku (* around 1430 in Lübeck ; † January 16, 1502 in Prague ) was a German Hussite theologian.

Life

Johannes von Lübeck is said to have studied at the University of Rostock and obtained his master's degree there , but has not yet been identified with a student documented in the university register. In 1467 he went to Prague, where he joined the Hussites. He taught theology at the University of Prague ; In 1497 he was last recorded as a lecturer.

Several Prague lectures in Latin from 1470/71 have been preserved from him, as well as an unfinished commentary on the Psalms and treatises on the sacraments, including the Hussite teaching of the Eucharist . Other Latin sermons and commentaries can be detected by mentions and quotations in other texts.

In recent research, Johannes von Lübeck is considered to be the one who translated two of Johannes Hus's writings into Middle Low German , the leading written language in northern Central Europe at the time and the lingua franca in the northern half of Europe. Presumably through the mediation of Nicolaus Rutze , they were printed together around 1480 in Lübeck by the printer of Calderinus , who can be equated with either Johann Snell or Lucas Brandis . The work entitled Dat Bôkeken van deme Rêpe , originally written by Hus in 1412, is preserved as an incunable in the Rostock University Library . In addition to the treatise of the same name , a thoroughly church-compliant representation of a holy life based on the image of the Reep of Redemption with its three strands of faith, love and hope, the book contains a much more detailed interpretation of the Ten Commandments , the Our Father and the Apostles' Creed with the title De uthlegghinge ouer den louen ( interpretation of faith ), on the basis of which Hus sharply criticized the hierarchically organized papal church, the cult of sacrifice and the cult of saints. Compared to Hus' original, the Middle Low German version is significantly weaker. Both texts are considered to be the first ever Hus prints. But its effect was limited.

Works

Beginning of the uthlegghinge ouer den louen.
Edition: Karl Nerger: Dat Bôkeken van deme Rêpe by Nicolaus Rutze van Rostock. School program Gymnasium and Realgymnasium Rostock 1886 ( digitized version )
Facsimile print with an introduction by Amedeo Molnár. Hildesheim: Olms 1971 (= NL v. Zinzendorf. Materials and Documents. Beih. 1, Vol. 2)

literature

  • Conrad Borchling and Bruno Claussen : Low German biography. Complete list of Low German prints up to 1800. Volume 1: 1473–1600, Neumünster 1931–1936, No. 51
  • Siegfried Hoyer : The traces of the Hussite movement in the early bourgeois revolution in Germany. In: World Effects of the Reformation. Berlin 1969, pp. 194-204
  • Mike Malm: Johannes von Lübeck , in: Wolfgang Achnitz (Ed.): German Literature Lexicon: The Middle Ages. , Volume 2: The Spiritual Literature of the Late Middle Ages. Berlin: De Gruyter 2011 ISBN ISBN 978-3-598-24994-5 , Sp. 1005 f.
  • Vaclav Bok: Johannes von Lübeck , in: The German literature of the Middle Ages. Author Lexicon. 2nd edition, Volume 11: Supplements and corrections, Berlin / New York: de Gruyter 2011 ISBN 9783110908299 , Sp. 781–784

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ VL (lit.), cf. the entries in the Rostock matriculation portal
  2. ↑ signature inc. Fm-64 . The book was tied to a collection of sermons by the superidentifier Johann Draconites and was found again by Julius Wiggers in 1846 (Julius Wiggers: Message about the book of the three strands by Nicolaus Ruß. In: Year books of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology , Volume 12 (1847) , Pp. 501-516).
  3. ↑ According to an allegorical interpretation of the triple cord from Kohelet 4.12  EU
  4. ↑ Hans-Gert Roloff : The function of Hus texts in the Reformation polemics. In: Wolfgang Milde and Werner Schuder: De captu lectoris. Effects of the book in the 15th and 16th centuries, illustrated in selected manuscripts and prints. Ed. By. Berlin / New York: de Gruyter 1988, pp. 219–256, here p. 227 with note 7
personal data
SURNAME Lübeck, Johannes von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Libek, Johannes von; Lubecku, Jana e.g.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Hussite theologian
DATE OF BIRTH around 1430
PLACE OF BIRTH Lübeck
DATE OF DEATH January 16, 1502
Place of death Prague