John Stewart of Bonkyl

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Coat of arms of Sir John Stewart of Bonkyl

Sir John Stewart of Bonkyl (also Stewart of Jedburgh ), (* around 1263, † July 22, 1298 at Falkirk ) was a Scottish nobleman and military.

Origin and marriage

John Stewart came from the Stewart family . He was the second son of Alexander of Dundonald and his wife Jean Macrorie . After the death of his father in 1282, his older brother James inherited the family estates and the stewardship of the Stewart of Scotland , but John also took the name Stewart . He married Margaret , a daughter of Sir Alexander Bonkyl (also Bunkle ). She became heir to the feudal barony of Bonkyll in Berwickshire , so that John became Laird of Bonkyl through her ( Iure uxoris ) .

Role in the Scottish War of Independence

After the death of King Alexander III. 1286 Stewart attended the meeting at Turnberry Castle on September 20, 1286 together with his older brother James , where the barons present supported the claim to the throne of Robert de Brus . However, when the Scottish succession to the throne was still unclear in 1290, he and numerous other Scottish nobles swore allegiance to King Edward I of England on June 13, 1291 . After the victory of the English king over the Scottish king John Balliol , Stewart swore allegiance to the English king again in 1296. However, when it came to a revolt against English rule led by William Wallace in 1297 , Stewart was among the leaders of the revolt. Stewart led a contingent of archers from the Forest of Selkirk, which belongs to his barony, at the Battle of Falkirk in 1298 . These archers were placed between the Scottish schiltrons , but were attacked and killed by the English knights. Stewart fell with all of his men.

progeny

Stewart had several children with his wife, Margaret Bonkyl, including:

  • Alexander Stewart of Bonkyl († 1319)
  • John Stewart († 1333), killed in the Battle of Halidon Hill
  • Alan Stewart of Dreghorn († 1333), killed in the Battle of Halidon Hill
  • Walter Stewart of Dalwinton and Garlies
  • James Stewart of Pearston († 1333), killed in the Battle of Halidon Hill
  • Robert Stewart of Daldowie
  • Isabella Stewart († after 1351) ⚭ Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray

Before March 1309, his son Alexander Stewart of Bonkyl supported the Scottish King Robert I , the grandson of Robert de Brus, in the fight against the English. The king returned not only Bonkyl to the sons of John Stewart, but also lands at Kimmerghame , Garleton , Elvingston and Ethie Beaton . John Stewart became the progenitor of numerous branch lines of the Stewart family. His eldest son, Alexander, was the father of John , who was made Earl of Angus in 1329. His son Alan Stewart of Dreghorn was the progenitor of the Stewarts of Darnley, his descendants include Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley , the Earls and Dukes of Lennox . Walter Stewart of Dalwinton and Garlies became the progenitor of the Earls of Galloway . James Stewart of Pearston was the progenitor of the Stewarts of Lorne, Stewarts of Innermeath, Earls of Atholl and Earls of Traquair .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Geoffrey Barrow, Ann Royan: James fith Stewart of Scotland, 1260 (?) - 1309 . In: KJ Stringer (Ed.): Essays on the Nobility of Medieval Scotland , John Donald Publishers, Edinburgh 1985, ISBN 0-85976-113-4 , p. 166.
  2. ^ Geoffrey Barrow, Ann Royan: James fith Stewart of Scotland, 1260 (?) - 1309 . In: KJ Stringer (Ed.): Essays on the Nobility of Medieval Scotland , John Donald Publishers, Edinburgh 1985, ISBN 0-85976-113-4 , p. 172.
  3. ^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 49.
  4. ^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 109.
  5. ^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 118.
  6. ^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 145.
  7. ^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 260.
  8. ^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 397.