José María Calatrava

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

José María Calatrava (born February 26, 1781 in Mérida , † January 16, 1846 in Madrid ) was a Spanish legal scholar , politician and Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente de Gobierno ) .

biography

Studies and Spanish War of Independence

After completing school, he completed a law degree .

During the time of the occupation of Spain by France and the Spanish War of Independence , he was an active member of the Supreme Junta of Extremadura ( Junta Suprema de Extremadura ), which in 1810 also elected him a member of the Cortes of Cádiz . After the reestablishment of the monarchy and the absolute power of King Ferdinand VII , he was arrested and subsequently sentenced to prison in Melilla .

Spanish Revolution and Prime Minister

Only in the course of the Spanish Revolution of 1820 ( Trienio Liberal ) was he released from prison due to an amnesty and then initially appointed a member of the Magistrate of the Supreme Court ( Tribunal Suprema de España ). Between 1822 and 1823 he was then appointed Minister for Grace and Justice ( Ministro de Gracia y Justicia ). At the same time he was a member of parliament ( Cortes ). After the end of this liberal three-year reign and the renewed consolidation of power, King Ferdinand VII was forced to go into exile in England together with his brother Ramón María de Calatrava, who later became Minister of the Treasury .

Calatrava was only able to return to Spain in 1834 after the death of King Ferdinand and the beginning of the rule of the regent Maria Christina of Sicily in September 1833. In 1836 he was reappointed a Supreme Court judge.

On August 14, 1836, after the uprising of La Granja de San Ildefonso, he was appointed Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente de Gobierno ) to succeed Francesco Xavier de Isturiz . As such, he immediately appointed Juan Álvarez Mendizábal as Minister of the Treasury to complete his reforms of public property. At the same time, his government tried to make some changes to the constitution based on the French model. After a little over a year, he was replaced as Prime Minister on August 18, 1837 by Baldomero Espartero . During his tenure, he was also Minister of State ( Ministerio de Estado ) in charge of foreign affairs.

On September 22, 1837 he was elected member of parliament ( Congreso de los Diputados ), where he alternately represented the constituencies of Madrid , Castellón and Badajoz until his death . From September to November 1839 he also served as President of the Congress of Deputies for a time and subsequently President of the Supreme Court.

swell

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Constitution of 1837 ( Memento of the original dated August 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.constitucion.es
  2. ^ Schubert, Friedrich Wilhelm: "The constitutional documents and basic laws of the states" , 1848, p. 104
  3. ↑ List of Foreign Ministers  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.maec.es  
  4. ↑ List of Members of Parliament from 1810 to 1977
  5. ^ Terms of office as President of Parliament
predecessor Office successor
Francesco Xavier de Isturiz Prime Minister of Spain
1836 - 1837 		Baldomero Espartero
personal data
SURNAME Calatrava, José María
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prime Minister of Spain
DATE OF BIRTH February 26, 1781
PLACE OF BIRTH Merida
DATE OF DEATH January 16, 1846
Place of death Madrid