José Mutis
José Celestino (Bruno) Mutis y Bo (s) sio (born April 6, 1732 in Cádiz , † September 11, 1808 in Bogotá ) was a Spanish botanist and mathematician . Its official botanical author abbreviation is " Mutis ". One of his nephews in Colombia, Sinforoso Mutis Consuegra (1773-1822), also became a botanist.
Live and act
José Mutis is studying medicine and surgery at the Colegio de Cirugía in Cadiz with additional courses in physics and botany . He passed the medical exam on May 2, 1755 at the University of Seville . On July 5, 1757, he received a doctorate in medicine.
From 1757 to 1760 he gave lectures on anatomy in Madrid and undertook botanical studies with the support of the Botanical Garden of the Migas Calientes de Madrid, as well as further studies of astronomy and mathematics.
After three years he decided to take part in the America expedition of Pedro Messía de la Cerda as a doctor . De la Cerda reached Santa Fe de Bogotá in February 1761 . In March 1760 King Charles III had it . Appointed Viceroy of New Granada, Pedro Messía accompanied him to South America, he reached Cartagena in October. Beginning with his arrival in Santa Fe de Bogotá on February 24, 1761, he kept an annotated research diary of his observations.
In 1763, Mutis began extensive studies of the flora and fauna of South America that lasted over 20 years in total. In total, there were three major botanical expeditions.
Mutis corresponded with Spanish and other European sciences, in particular with Carl von Linné .
In March 1762, while giving an introductory mathematics lecture at the Colegio de Rosario, he explained the foundations of the Copernican world system and modern experimental methods in the sciences, over which he came into conflict with the Church. In 1774 he defended modern science, the Copernican world system and mathematical natural philosophy before the Holy Inquisition .
Alexander von Humboldt visited Mutis in July 1801 in Santa Fe de Bogotá during his expedition to America .
Mutis died of pneumonia at the age of 76 . The Bogotá Botanical Garden is named after him in his honor.
Taxonomic honor
In his honor, the genera Mutisia L.f. and Flosmutisia Cuatrec. named from the Asteraceae plant family.
literature
- Uwe Schwarz: José Celestino Mutis. In: Religion Past and Present. Concise dictionary for theology and religious studies. Volume 5: L-M. Edited by Hans Dieter Betz, Don S. Browning, Bernd Janowski and Eberhard Jüngel. Mohr Siebeck, ISBN 3-16-146945-3 , Tübingen 2002 (4th, completely revised edition), UTB study edition, ISBN 978-3-8252-8401-5 , Stuttgart 2008
- Edward O. Wilson and José Gómez Durán: Kingdom of Ants. José Celestino Mutis and the Dawn of Natural History in the New World . Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, Baltimore, Md. 2010, ISBN 978-0-8018-9785-6 .
Web links
- Author entry and list of the plant names described for José Mutis at the IPNI
- Correspondence between José Mutis and Carl von Linné
Individual evidence
- ↑ Manuel Hernández de Gregorio: El arcano de la quina. Ibarra, 1828, p. XIII, limited preview in Google Book search.
- ↑ Bartolomé Ribas Ozonas: José Celestino Mutis, amistad y colaboración con A. v. Humboldt. Pp. 151-172 [1]
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Mutis, José |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Mutis, José Celestino (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Spanish botanist and mathematician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 6, 1732 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Cadiz |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 11, 1808 |
| Place of death | Bogotá |