Josef von Scheiger

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Josef Edler from Scheiger

Josef Scheiger , from 1872 after the ennoblement of Josef Edler von Scheiger (born February 2, 1801 in Vienna , † May 6, 1886 in Graz ), was an Austrian cultural historian and postal worker. Scheiger dealt with the archaeological topography , especially the castle archeology . Particularly noteworthy is his work for the Historisches Verein für Steiermark, in which he was a committee member from 1850 to 1872 and for the kk Central Commission for the research and preservation of architectural monuments , whose conservator he was from 1851 for Graz and from 1855 to 1871 for all of Styria . Scheiger is considered to be the founder of Austrian topographical castle archeology.

Life

Scheiger was the son of a jeweler and studied at the University of Vienna until 1823 law . In 1819 he joined the fraternity circle in Vienna. In 1820 he came into custody because of his fraternity activity.

1824-27 he worked for the Schotten monastery in Vienna, most recently as a judge. Scheiger then joined the Fahrpostdirektion in Vienna as a concept intern. From 1835 to 1839 he was chief post administrator in Zara , from 1839 to 1845 adjunct of the post office in Venice, 1845–50 chief post administrator and 1850 post director of Graz. In 1867 he was retired.

In 1861 he married the successful specialist writer Katharina Pratobevera , a childhood friend for whom it was already the second marriage.

Scheiger's first literary attempts in 1819 brought him, among others, in connection with Joseph von Hormayr , in whose archive he published a number of cultural-historical works. Early on he turned to archaeological topography, especially castle archeology, which he is considered to have founded in Austria. On numerous foot trips, especially in Lower Austria , he created an extensive collection of topographically accurate photographs of defensive structures, on the basis of which he created a series of works, in 1828 the “Indications for some excursions. . . " And as the first synopsis of the new subject area in 1837" About castles and palaces. . . “ Wrote.

Scheiger's departure from the romantic, enthusiastic view of architectural monuments was also instrumental in this. His deliberately sober writing style was also reflected in his practical brochures, e. B. a guide for foot travelers and for fire protection or monument protection. With his work on the bourgeois armory in Vienna, he also gave decisive impulses to historical weapons science.

The years 1835–45, when he worked as a post office clerk in Zadar and Venice, marked an involuntary turning point in his journalistic activities, which he only continued again in Graz.

Numerous works from the area of ​​the historical topography of Styria followed, mostly scattered in newspapers and magazines. In 1872 he was awarded the imperial award Noble von . He was a member and honorary member of numerous non-profit and scientific societies and associations. He was a committee member for the Historical Association for Styria from 1850 to 1872. He was the conservator of the kk Central Commission for the Research and Conservation of Architectural Monuments (today Federal Monuments Office ) for Graz and from 1855 to 1871 for the whole of Styria (today state curator)

Works

  • That of Ritter v. Schönfeld founded technolog. Mus. in Vienna , 1824; Edition in Latin: Museum technologicum from Equite de Schönfeld Vindobonae fundatum. 1825.
  • Excursion to some surroundings of Neustadt and some points on the way to the Schneeberg , in: Archive for History, Statistics, Literature and Art 17, 1826;
  • The foot traveler in Austria , 1827.
  • Suggestions for some excursions in the quarter under the Wienerwalde. . . , 1828.
  • References to the history and description of the bourgeois armory in Vienna , in: Contributions to regional studies of Austria under the Enns 3, 1833, also independent; On protection and help against conflagrations, 1835.
  • About castles and palaces in Austria under the Enns , 1837.
  • Suggestions on the preservation and construction of old castles and palaces , 1853.
  • On the influence of plants on the destruction of the ruins , in: Reports and Mittheilungen des Alterthums-Verein. zu Wien, Volume 2, 1857.
  • Hochosterwitz in Kärnthen , in: Mittheilungen der kk Central-Commission for the research and preservation of the architectural monuments 5, 1860.
  • Sources and contributions to the history of the defense of the Schlossberg in Graz in 1809 , in: Mittheilungen des Historische Verein für Steiermark, Volume 14, 1866.
  • Chronicle of the old generation whose v. Schilling , no year.
  • The pantheons of Wartenstein and Grimmenstein (eds.) In: Journal for Austrian legal scholarship and political laws, 1829, main library, volume 1.

There are also 25 further articles in the archive for geography, history, state and war art (or archive for history, statistics, literature and art) 12-17, 1821-26, numerous articles in newspapers and magazines.

literature

  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Scheiger, Joseph Edler von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 29th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1875, pp. 169–171 ( digitized version ).
  • Franz Ilwof :  Scheiger, Josef Edler von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 53, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1907, pp. 740-745.
  • Daily mail (Graz) of May 8, 1886.
  • Wendelin Boeheim : Past days in Austria. From the papers left by Joseph von Scheiger. In: Austrian-Hungarian Review. NF 3, 1887, pp. 129-143 and 206-222.
  • Wendelin Boeheim: "..." In: Reports and communications from the Alterthums-Verein zu Wien. 24, 1887, p. 162 ff.
  • Franz Ilwof: Josef Edler von Scheiger. In: Communications from the historical association for Styria. 42, 1894, pp. 231–256 ( PDF with catalog raisonné on historerverein-stmk.at ).
  • Felix Halmer: Josef Scheiger's Lower Austrian hand drawings. In: Yearbook for regional studies of Lower Austria. New episode 36, volume 2, 1964, pp. 723-774 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  • E. Katzer: "..." In: Niederösterreichische Kulturberichte. May 1986, p. 14 f.
  • Hermann Rollett (Ed.): New contributions to the chronicle of the city of Baden near Vienna. Issue 12, 1899, p. 85 f.
  • Walter von Semetkowski : Styria, country, people, performance. 1956, p. 196.
  • Felix Halmer: Josef Scheiger's hand drawings of the Austrian castles, palaces, ruins and fortified churches 1817–82. General Used archive, premiere, both Vienna 1966.
  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Sub-Volume 5: R – S. Winter, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8253-1256-9 , pp. 218-219.

Web links

Commons : Josef von Scheiger  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This article is mainly based on the article from Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950
personal data
SURNAME Scheiger, Josef von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Scheiger, Josef; Scheiger, Josef Edler von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian cultural historian and post office clerk
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1801
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH May 6, 1886
Place of death Graz