Juglans hindsii
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Juglans hindsii , herbarium specimen |
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| Yep. ex RESm. |
Juglans hindsii (Claro walnut) is aspecies of tree of the genus walnuts ( Juglans ) that isrestrictedto California and Oregon . It isof economic importanceas a grafting base for the real walnut in California.
features
Juglans hindsii is a 6 to 23 meter tall tree . Its bark is light to medium gray and splinters off in smooth or scaly plates. The branches are slightly to deeply notched with the distal edge of the leaf scar in which they stand. They are also not surrounded by a well-circumscribed band of hair. The terminal buds are ellipsoidal to elongated, flattened and 6 to 8 mm long.
The leaves are pinnate unpaired and 22 to 45 cm long, the petiole 3 to 8 cm. The 13 to 21 leaflets are narrowly triangular to lanceolate, symmetrical or slightly sickle-shaped, 7.3 to 13 cm long and 1.9 to 2.8 cm wide. The leaf edge is serrated, the end of the leaf pointed. The underside of the leaf is bare or covered with individual glandular hairs, individual glands and a few head-like glandular hairs sit on the main nerves. In the armpits of the nerves near the base of the leaf there are conspicuous hairs that sometimes reach the blade. The upper side of the leaf is bare or covered with scattered scales, the main nerves are bare or covered with scattered glands and a few capillary-glandular hairs, simple hairs are missing. The terminal leaflets are well developed.
The male catkins are 6 to 15 cm long, each flower has 20 to 40 stamens . The pollen sacs are 1 to 1.4 mm long. Flowering is in spring (April, May).
The fruit is spherical and 2.5 to 5 cm in size. The nuts are egg-shaped to oval-spherical and 2.4 to 3.2 cm in size. It is smooth or almost smooth or has flat and indistinct ribs and furrows.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32.
distribution
The range of Juglans hindsii is restricted to California and Oregon ( Jackson County ). Before about 1850, the species only grew in a few places in California. Because of its widespread use as a base for grafting the European real walnut, it has been planted in large areas of California and has become wild and naturalized in these areas. It also forms hybrids here with the real walnut, which is the most common rootstock in commercial walnut cultivation today.
Juglans hindsii grows on river banks and slopes from sea level to about 300 m.
Etymology and systematics
The name Juglans hindsii honors the botanist Richard Brinsley Hinds (1812–1847), who discovered the plant in 1837. The species was previously made as a variety to Juglans californica . The Flora of North America lists them as a separate species. Molecular biological studies also support the species rank of Juglans hindsii
supporting documents
- Donald E. Stone: Juglandaceae . In: Flora of North America , Volume 3. (online)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Juglans hindsii at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ F. Callahan: Hinds Walnut (Juglans hindsii) in Oregon . Kalmiopsis, Volume 15, 2008, pp. 47, 48
- ↑ F. Callahan: Hinds Walnut (Juglans hindsii) in Oregon . Kalmiopsis, Volume 15, 2008, p. 43
- ↑ Alice M. Stanford, Rachel Harden, Clifford R. Parks: Phylogeny and biogeography of Juglans (Juglandaceae) based on matK and ITS sequence data . American Journal of Botany, Volume 87, 2000, pp. 872-882.
- ↑ MK Aradhya, D. Potter, F. Gao, CJ Simon: Molecular phylogeny of Juglans (Juglandaceae): a biogeographic perspective. Tree Genetics & Genomes, Vol. 3, 2007, pp. 363-378